The invention provides a carbon material for heavy
metal adsorption and a preparation method and application thereof. By
grafting an
oxygen-containing group on a carbon material and combining the
oxygen-containing group with a
phosphorus-containing group, more than 90% of heavy
metal ions can be removed in an acidic environment without adjusting the pH value. The method comprises the following steps of oxidizing the carbon material: adding concentrated
sulfuric acid into the carbon material, stirring and adding
potassium permanganate, adding ice into the solution for
quenching, cooling, dropwise adding
hydrogen peroxide until the solution becomes bright yellow, stirring, centrifuging, and washing until the pH value is not changed to obtain the
carbon oxide material, and performing the
phosphorylation of the
carbon oxide material: taking the
carbon oxide material,
phosphorous acid and
phosphorus trichloride, stirring, heating, mixing, cooling, adding water after cooling, heating to a certain temperature, refluxing for a certain time, carrying out suction
filtration, collecting solids, adding water, heating to a certain temperature, refluxing for a certain time, cooling to a certaintemperature, filtering while the solids are hot, collecting the solids, and washing until the pH value is not changed to obtain a phosphorylated carbon
oxide material.