The invention provides a nano-matrix-combined high-performance fused magnesium calcium brick and a manufacturing method thereof. The fused magnesium calcium brick is prepared from 8-5mm high-calcium fused magnesium calcium sand, 5-2mm high-calcium fused magnesium calcium sand, 2-0mm high-calcium fused magnesium calcium sand, <=0.074mm high-calcium fused magnesium calcium sand, 8-5mm fused magnesite, 5-2mm fused magnesite, 2-0mm fused magnesite, <=0.074mm fused magnesite fine powder, nano sea water magnesia fine powder and a binder paraffin. The manufacturing method comprises the following steps: fine powder premixing, integral compounding, molding, drying, firing and the like. The product has the advantages of compact microstructure, fewer low-melting-point minerals, higher erosion resistance, higher scour resistance, higher stripping resistance and higher hydration resistance. The furnace life is prolonged by 30% above on average. Thus, the product satisfies the requirements of high efficiency, long service life and high cleanness for stainless steel and special steel smelting, and lowers the cost for the steel enterprises.