103 results about "Porous morphology" patented technology

A method and apparatus for producing particles, the apparatus includes a solution source that supplies a solution, and a fluid source that supplies a fluid. The solution includes a solvent and a solute. A mixer receives the solution and the fluid from the sources, and mixes the solution and the fluid together to form a mixture. The mixture is supplied from the mixer to an expansion assembly at first pressure. The expansion assembly sprays and expands the mixture substantially simultaneously to form frozen droplets, and preferably to form a low-density powder of frozen droplets. A freeze-dry apparatus sublimes the solvent from the particles. A high mass-transfer rate and a uniform open-structure of the powder bed enhances the freeze-drying process. Solid particles having a controlled size distribution are obtained. The particles preferably have a hollow or porous morphology suitable for differing drug delivery applications to include aerosol formulations.

Carbon molecular sieves (CMS) membranes having improved thermal and / or mechanical properties are disclosed herein. In one embodiment, a carbon molecular sieve membrane for separating a first and one or more second gases from a feed mixture of the first gas and one or more second gases comprises a hollow filamentary carbon core and a thermally stabilized polymer precursor disposed on at least an outer portion of the core. In some embodiments, the thermally stabilized polymer precursor is created by the process of placing in a reaction vessel the carbon molecular sieve membrane comprising an unmodified aromatic imide polymer, filling the reaction vessel with a modifying agent, and changing the temperature of the reaction vessel at a temperature ramp up rate and ramp down rate for a period of time so that the modifying agent alters the unmodified aromatic imide polymer to form a thermally stabilized polymer precursor.

The present invention relates to a layered chitosan scaffold wherein said layered scaffold comprises at least two fused layers, wherein at least one of the fused layers comprises a chitosan nanofiber membrane and the other fused layer comprises a porous chitosan support layer. Moreover, the present invention provides a layered chitosan scaffold characterized by (i) a good adhesion between the porous and nanofiber layers, (ii) a tuneable porosity of the nanofiber layer by tuning the distance between the nanofibers, (iii) a stable nanofibers and porous morphology even when immersed in water or other solvents and a process for the preparation of such layered chitosan scaffold. The present invention also provides a process for the preparation of the layered chitosan scaffold.

The invention relates to a preparation method of a dental implant and a composite surface thereof. In the dental implant, medical titanium or titanium alloy is used as a substrate, and porous morphology is prepared on the surface while polydopamine and hydroxyapatite are deposited to obtain a dental implant composite surface with good bioactivity. In the invention, a uniform multi-layer pore oxidation film is quickly formed on the surface of the titanium substrate to obtain nano porous morphology; and by enabling a thin layer of protein analogue (polydopamine) to tightly adhere to the surface, the surface hydrophilicity and the corrosion resistance of the dental implant can be improved. Finally, the hydroxyapatite deposition is induced on the surface to obtain a three-layer composite surface; moreover, the nano porous composite surface can effectively reinforce the adhesion and spreading of osteoblast on the implant surface as well as the alkaline phosphatase activity, early bone integration of the implant is accelerated, and firm combination of the material and the organism interface is realized so as to improve the stability and success rate of the implant.

The invention provides a method for preparing a hydrolysis-regulated nickel cobalt sulfide / carbon cloth porous supercapacitor electrode material. The method comprises the preparation of a cobalt-basedmetal organic frame / carbon cloth composite material, the preparation of a porous nickel-cobalt layered double-metal hydroxide / carbon cloth composite material and the preparation of a porous nickel cobalt sulfide / carbon cloth composite material. According to the invention, in the preparation process of the porous nickel-cobalt layered double-metal hydroxide / carbon cloth composite material, holes are generated through the ion exchange of a cobalt-based metal organic frame material Co-MOFs and a nickel nitrate solution and the etching of Co-MOFs by a Ni2+ hydrolysis effect, the nickel-cobalt layered double-metal hydroxide with a hollow porous structure grown on carbon cloth is synthesized, on the basis of maintaining the shape of a MOFs parent body, a hollow porous morphology structure of abinary metal sulfide with multiple valence states, large specific surface area and high electroactivity based on the carbon cloth is prepared, and the capacitance property, rate performance and electrochemical cycle life of the composite material as an electrode are improved.

Ionic liquid (IL)-mediated sol-gel hybrid organic-inorganic materials present enormous potential for effective use in analytical microextraction. One obstacle to materializing this prospect arises from high viscosity of ILs significantly slowing down sol-gel reactions. A method was developed which provides phosphonium-based, pyridinium-based, and imidazolium-based IL-mediated advanced sol-gel organic-inorganic hybrid materials for capillary microextraction. Scanning electron microscopy results demonstrate that ILs can serve as porogenic agents in sol-gel reactions. IL-mediated sol-gel coatings prepared with silanol-terminated polymers provided up to 28 times higher extractions compared to analogous sol-gel coatings prepared without any IL in the sol solution. This study shows that IL-generated porous morphology alone is not enough to provide effective extraction media: careful choice of the organic polymer and the precursor with close sol-gel reactivity must be made to ensure effective chemical bonding of the organic polymer to the created sol-gel material to be able to provide the desired sorbent characteristics.

Carbon molecular sieves (CMS) membranes having improved thermal and / or mechanical properties are disclosed herein. In one embodiment, a carbon molecular sieve membrane for separating a first and one or more second gases from a feed mixture of the first gas and one or more second gases comprises a hollow filamentary carbon core and a thermally stabilized polymer precursor disposed on at least an outer portion of the core. In some embodiments, the thermally stabilized polymer precursor is created by the process of placing in a reaction vessel the carbon molecular sieve membrane comprising an unmodified aromatic imide polymer, filling the reaction vessel with a modifying agent, and changing the temperature of the reaction vessel at a temperature ramp up rate and ramp down rate for a period of time so that the modifying agent alters the unmodified aromatic imide polymer to form a thermally stabilized polymer precursor.

The invention provides a method for preparing quick-responding thermo-sensitive porous microspheres based on the microfluidic technology. A microfluidic chip used mainly comprises a polymer or a glass chip with a microchannel on the upper layer and a sealing substrate on the lower layer. The method includes firstly, forming oil-in-water micro-droplets (w / o) in the microfluidic chip by the droplet control technology, polymerizing the micro-droplets to form microspheres during moving or collecting process; and adding pore-forming agent polyethylene glycol in a water phase to control different porous morphologies of the microspheres so that different temperature response characteristics. The method for preparing the quick-responding thermo-sensitive porous microspheres based on the microfluidic technology has the advantages that the chip structure is simple to manufacture, the method is highly controllable and easy to operate, particle size of the microspheres prepared by the microfluidic technology is uniform and controllable, micro-pores on the surfaces of the microspheres are controllable are controllable in size, the method has the quick-responding thermo-sensitive characteristics and has wide potential application range, and the like.

A method for synthesizing a mesoporous silica nanoparticle, a mesoporous silica nanoparticle, and applications thereof are provided. The method includes fractionating a mesoporous silica nanoparticle suspension to produce size-fractionated mesoporous silica nanoparticle. The method further includes etching the size-fractionated mesoporous silica nanoparticle to produce synthesized mesoporous silica nanoparticle having a hollow, porous morphology configured to receive one of a therapeutic agent and an imaging material. The etching includes differential etching of silica from areas of low polymeric density within the mesoporous silica nanoparticle and re-depositing of the silica in areas of higher polymeric density existing near the surface of the mesoporous silica nanoparticle. A target material is loaded into the synthesized mesoporous silica nanoparticle and a controlled released of the target material is provided by decreasing the physiological pH of the surface of the mesoporous silica nanoparticle.

A preparation method of a high-voltage nickel lithium manganate cathode material with porous morphology belongs to the field of material synthesis technology. The method is as below: calcining manganese salt at 200-800 DEG C for 3-10 h to obtain a porous manganese oxide A; weighing a lithium source, a nickel source and the manganese oxide A according to a molar ratio of Li:Ni:Mn=1-1.1:0.5:1.5, and mixing the three to obtain a precursor; putting the precursor in a muffle furnace air atmosphere, pre-sintering at 300-500 DEG C for 3-8 h, heating to 700-1000 DEG C and calcining for 8-20 h to obtain the nickel lithium manganate material. The particles of the nickel lithium manganate cathode material prepared by the invention have a porous structure and controllable morphology. The apertures in the porous nickel lithium manganate can buffer changes in structural stress and volume caused by lithium de-intercalation, enhance cycle performance, shorten transmission distance of lithium ions, increase the contact area of the electrode and an electrolyte and improve multiplying power performance, thereby gaining excellent multiplying power performance and cycle performance.

The invention discloses a vanadium oxide thin film and a preparation method thereof. According to the preparation process, the oxygen flow rate during annealing is improved, so that the surface of the prepared vanadium oxide thin film is loose and porous, and the phase change amplitude of the vanadium oxide thin film is improved. According to the method, the defects that the vanadium oxide thin film is long in preparation time and low in phase change amplitude are overcome, the process parameters can be strictly controlled, and the process repeatability and the phase change amplitude of the vanadium oxide thin film are improved, so that the sensitivity of the device is improved. Meanwhile, according to the loose and porous morphology, the specific surface area of the film is enlarged, and the film plays an important role in improving the gas-sensitive property of the sensor and can be well applied to actual operation.

The invention discloses a calcium oxide based high-temperature carbon dioxide adsorbent material doped with an inert component and a preparation method. The inert component is cerium oxide, and an active component for adsorbing carbon dioxide is calcium oxide. A calcium oxide based adsorbent is prepared with a sol-gel method, and cerium nitrate and calcium nitrate are precursors; citric acid is introduced, the mixture is sufficiently complexed in a water bath process, and calcium and cerium are uniformly dispersed; a large amount of gas is generated in a roasting process, and loose and porous morphology is formed. The material has the characteristics of excellent stability, high adsorption capacity, high molar conversion of calcium oxide and high adsorption rate when adsorbing carbon dioxide at the high temperature; the preparation process is simple, the cost is low, and the requirement for the preparation is lower; the adsorbent has a wider industrial application prospect when used for adsorbing carbon dioxide at the high temperature.

The invention discloses a preparation method and the application of modified zeolite balls. The preparation method comprises the following steps: grinding natural zeolite into a powder, sieving the powder by using a 200-mesh sieve, uniformly mixing the powder with walnut shell granules (with the size of 0.2-3mm) and sodium silicate according to a ratio of (2-6): 1: 1, balling, drying for 2h at a temperature of 100 DEG C, sintering for 2-5h at high temperature by using a muffle furnace, and naturally cooling to obtain the modified zeolite balls which show macroscopic honeycomb porous morphologies on the surfaces and in the inner parts. Microorganisms can grow in multiple micropores in the surfaces and in the inner parts in an attaching manner, the zeolite itself has a relatively good ammonia nitrogen adsorbing effect, and in combination with microbial treatment, a better adsorbing effect can be achieved; moreover, the microorganisms growing on the surfaces in an attaching manner can also help desorption of the saturated zeolite absorbing ammonia nitrogen, so that the zeolite balls can regain the adsorbing capacity; the modified zeolite balls have a relatively good treatment effect on low-concentration ammonia nitrogen wastewater; the preparation method of the zeolite balls is low in cost, simple in process, environment-friendly and pollution-free.

A porous polymer blend, and a method of producing a porous polymer blend from at least two immiscible polymers. The at least two immiscible polymer being blended together and exhibiting the absence of complete phase separation. The method of producing a porous polymer blend comprising: forming a liquid composition comprising at least two immiscible polymers dissolved in a common solvent; subjecting the liquid composition to a reduction in temperature to cause at least two immiscible polymers to phase separate into a common polymer rich phase and a common polymer poor phase; solidifying the at least two immiscible polymers in the common polymer rich phase so as to avoid complete phase separation of the at least two immiscible polymers; and removing the common polymer pore phase to provide a blend of the at least two immiscible polymers having a porous morphology.

The invention provides a composite material for in-situ growth of ternary cobalt nickel molybdenum oxide on graphene and a two-step synthesis method thereof, and relates to the field of graphene and metal oxide composite materials. The composite material adopts the graphene as a substrate, and cobalt oxide nanorods of a rod-like structure are in-situ grown and combined on the graphene substrate; nickel molybdenum oxide nanorods of a rod-like structure are in-situ grown and combined on the cobalt oxide nanorods. According to the composite material, the extremely thin graphene increases the specific surface area of the material, and the utilization ratio of an active material is improved; cobalt oxide materials are connected together through the graphene, so that the materials are in whole conduction, and the material failure caused by weak electric conductivity is avoided; a layered structure avoids the agglomeration phenomenon of the material, a three-dimensional loose porous morphology is formed, the specific surface area of the material is further increased, and the material capacitance is improved.

Mesoporous membranes have shown promising separation performance with a potential to lower the energy consumption, leading to a dramatic cost reduction. Recently, an extensive effort has been made on the design of membranes which brought a significant progress toward the synthesis of well-defined porous morphologies, most of which synthesized by surfactant-template methodology. Currently, the most well-designed state-of-the-art membranes using this technique are made from metals, polymers, carbon, silica, etc. In the present invention, we demonstrate mesoporous calcium-silicate particles having superior separation capacity and optimal permeability, thereby leading to reduced energy consumption for selective separation of gases / liquids and / or the combination thereof. We explore various methods to improve the calcium-silicate membranes properties by tuning pore density during the synthesis / aging process, while favoring the formation of uniformly distributed nanopores. Lowering particle density by controlling calcium to silicon ratio along with optimizing the surface area are essential in achieving our objective.

The invention discloses an in-situ prepared substrate, a dense layer and a porous layer integrated perovskite solar cell and a method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of solar cells. A layer of porous morphology is formed on a metal substrate by chemical etching, a base electron transport layer integrated electrode is formed by heating and oxidizing, then a perovskite layer and a hole transport layer are deposited in turn, and finally thin gold is vapor-deposited as an electrode. The perovskite solar cell can have the photoelectric conversion efficiency of 9.32%, the open circuit voltage is 0.89V, the short circuit current density is 18.11mA / cm2, and the filling factor is 0.58. The perovskite solar cell of the structure uses the cheap metal substrate as the electrode, the cell preparation process is simplified while the cell cost is reduced, and commercialization of the perovskite solar cell is facilitated.

Ionic liquid (IL)-mediated sol-gel hybrid organic-inorganic materials present enormous potential for effective use in analytical microextraction. One obstacle to materializing this prospect arises from high viscosity of ILs significantly slowing down sol-gel reactions. A method was developed which provides phosphonium-based, pyridinium-based, and imidazolium-based IL-mediated advanced sol-gel organic-inorganic hybrid materials for capillary microextraction. Scanning electron microscopy results demonstrate that ILs can serve as porogenic agents in sol-gel reactions. IL-mediated sol-gel coatings prepared with silanol-terminated polymers provided up to 28 times higher extractions compared to analogous sol-gel coatings prepared without any IL in the sol solution. This study shows that IL-generated porous morphology alone is not enough to provide effective extraction media: careful choice of the organic polymer and the precursor with close sol-gel reactivity must be made to ensure effective chemical bonding of the organic polymer to the created sol-gel material to be able to provide the desired sorbent characteristics.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a spongy porous silicon-dioxide nanosheet. The preparation method of the spongy and porous silicon-dioxide nanosheet adopts a hydrothermal method to prepare a spongy and porous silicon-dioxide film, the process is simple and controllable, the prepared spongy SiO2 nanosheet is in a porous form with the size of hundreds of nanometers and adsorbed molecules easily enters the prepared spongy SiO2 nanosheet; the spongy porous silicon-dioxide nanosheet has an ultrathin nanosheet form, and in the process of absorbing molecules, the form can be correspondingly changed along with the absorbing process so as to provide an effective capture; the spongy and porous SiO2 nanosheet has surface activity, so that the physical bonding among the molecules is enhanced, and further the continuous release behavior of wrapping molecules is greatly improved. In the preparation process, no surfactant is used, so that the toxicity risk caused by the surfactant is avoided.

The invention discloses a porous silica light diffusion agent with polymethyl methacrylate bonded on the surface. The porous silica light diffusion agent with polymethyl methacrylate bonded on the surface is characterized by comprising silica spheres with rough porous morphology on the surface and polymethyl methacrylate bonded on the surface and accounting for 9.0-13.0% of the mass of silica; andthe particle size distribution of the silica spheres is 300-500 nm, and small holes with the hole diameter of 10-20 nm are distributed in the surfaces of the silica spheres. The light diffusion effect is greatly improved, the thickness of a plate is reduced, the material cost is reduced, the problems of high light transmittance and low haze in raw material matrix resin are solved, and the effectsof energy conservation, high efficiency and low possibility of generating a glare phenomenon are achieved.

The invention discloses an electric field regulated selective crystallization synthesized double perovsNaite sodium ion battery negative electrode material and a preparation method thereof. The material is characterized in that the composition of the negative electrode material is NaBa0.3La0.3K0.4Zr0.8Ni0.1Mn0.1MoO6, an electric field having a specific direction is applied during a high-temperature solid phase reaction in the preparation process to change the crystal characteristics of lattice defect crystals and grow cylindrical particles along the direction of the electric field; the non-uniform crystallization on the surfaces of the cylindrical particles maNaes a sintering aid non-uniformly adhered to the position having a large surface curvature radius and partially bonded to form a continuous porous morphology, and the morphology is in favor of reducing the crystal boundary resistance and the electron migration resistance and accelerating the migration ability of sodium ions in an electrolyte and crystal lattices and the oxidation reduction reaction rate; the material also has a certain structure rigidity, so the volume change of the material in the charge and discharge process is buffered; and the high-performance sodium ion battery negative electrode material is formed through the co-occupation of Na and La in an A position, the Ba and K doping in a La position and the Ni and Mn doping in a B position.

The invention discloses a self-doped fullerene immobilized palladium nan-electrocatalyst, a preparation method and application. The preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing self-dopedfullerene ammonium iodine salt and a solvent, dispersing a mixture, then dropwise adding a dispersion liquid on an electrode, and performing spin-coating to form a film; soaking the electrode in a K2PdCl4 aqueous solution and a hydrazine hydrate solution in sequence, and flushing the electrode with deionized water, wherein the obtained working electrode can be used for electrocatalysis of oxidation of alcohols. Because of weak interaction between the self-doped fullerene ammonium iodine salt with high electrical conductivity and palladium, and a porous morphology and structure of a thin film of the self-doped fullerene ammonium iodine salt, scattered palladium immobilization and mass transfer are benefited. Compared with commoditized Pd / C, the obtained catalyst shows high catalytic activity and good stability. Therefore, a simple method for preparing a high-efficiency electrocatalyst which is directly used for an alcohol fuel battery in situ is provided.

The invention relates to a La-Mn compound oxygen reduction catalyst material and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method is characterized in that 10 to 30 percent by mass of potassium permanganate is first dissolved into deionized water, so that a solution 1 is produced; 10 to 30 percent by mass of lanthanum nitrate is then dissolved into deionized water and is prepared with 50 percent by mass of manganese nitrate solution into a mixed solution 2; afterwards, under the condition of stirring, the mixed solution 2 is slowly added into the solution 1, so that a mixed solution 3 is produced; finally, a KOH solution is used for regulating the PH value of the mixed solution 3 into alkaline, and the mixed solution 3 is continuously stirred in constant-temperature water bath; after suction filtration and washing, drying is carried out, the dried material is put into a high-temperature furnace and sintered for 2 to 6 hours, and thereby the La-Mn compound oxygen reduction catalyst material with nanoscale porous morphology and the grain size of 0.01mu m to 1mu m is obtained. The preparation method has a lot of advantages, such as simple preparation process, low raw material cost, easiness in scale production, high catalytic activity for oxygen reduction, high stability and long service life, and the problem that the further application of metal-air batteries is limited by conventional materials and systems can be effectively solved.

The invention provides a double perovskite negative electrode material prepared through template synthesis and used for a potassium ion battery, and a preparation method thereof. The invention is characterized in that the composition of the negative electrode material is KY<0.8>Ba<0.2>Cr<0.9>Zn<0.1>Mo<0.9>Fe<0.1>O<6>; the continuous channel structure of gel is employed as a template in the process of preparation, and a double perovskite-structured product with continuous porous morphology and mutually bonded particle parts is formed, wherein such morphology is beneficial for reducing crystal boundary resistance and electron transfer resistance and accelerating potassium ion migration capability and oxidation reduction reaction rate; the double perovskite negative electrode material has certain structural rigidity, so buffering is formed for volumetric changes of the material during charging and discharging ; furthermore, due to co-occupation of position A by K and Y, electronic conductivity is improved; due to partial Ba doping at position Y, the conductivity of potassium ions is improved; Zn and Fe doping at position B can improve the stability of a perovskite structure; and thus, the potassium ion battery negative electrode material with high performance is eventually formed.

The invention discloses a double-perovskite lithium-ion battery anode material synthesized through electric field regulated selective crystallization and a preparation method of the anode material. The anode material is characterized in that the composition of the anode material is Na0.8Ba0.2Y0.9Li0.1Co0.9Zn0.1Nb0.9Mn0.1O6. The crystallization characteristic of crystals with lattice imperfection is changed by use of an applied electric field in the specific direction in a high-temperature solid-phase reaction during preparation, and cylindrical particles are formed through growing in the electric field direction; meanwhile, parts, with high surface curvature radiuses, of cylindrical particles unevenly adhere to a sintering aid to partially be adhered into continuous porous morphology. The morphology is beneficial to reduction of crystal boundary resistance and electron transfer resistance, increases the lithium-ion migration capacity and the redox reaction rate and has certain structure rigidity to form buffer for volume change; the lithium-ion battery anode material with high performance is formed through Na and Y co-occupation in position A, Ba doping in position Na, Li doping in position Y and Zn and Mn doping in position B.

The invention relates to a dual-perovskite magnesium ion battery negative electrode material by one-step synthesis and a preparation method thereof. The constituent of the negative electrode material is MgNd<0.8>Li<0.2>Fe<0.9>Cu<0.1>Nb<0.9>Zn<0.1>O6; and during the preparation method, a sintering additive is non-uniformly pasted onto a rapidly-atomized sintering additive region by carrying a reaction raw material in gas flow, a product is continuously obtained in a high-temperature tubular furnace in one step, and particle parts of the product are bonded to form continuous and porous morphology by non-uniformly pasting the sintering additive. By such morphology, the gain boundary resistance and the electron transfer resistance are favorably reduced, and the oxidization-reduction reaction ratio is accelerated; the material also has certain structural rigidity; and the high-performance magnesium ion battery negative electrode material is finally formed further by joint occupancy of Mg and Nd at A positions and doping of Zn and Cu at B positions.

The invention provides a potassium ion battery negative electrode material KNaNb0.8Co0.1Ag0.1TiO6 and a preparation method thereof. The potassium ion battery negative electrode material is characterized in that the negative electrode material is of a double perovskite structure; in the preparation process, air flow carries reactive materials to quickly pass through an atomized sintering aid area to non-uniformly adhere a sintering aid, then a product is continuously obtained through one step in a high-temperature tubular furnace, and by non-uniformly adhere the sintering aid, particles of the product are partially bonded to form continuous porous morphology; the morphology is beneficial for reducing the crystal boundary resistance and the electron migration resistance and increasing the rate of a redox reaction and has the certain structure rigidity; and furthermore, by means of K and Na common occupy at the A position and Co and Ag doping at the B position, the high-performance potassium ion battery negative electrode material is prepared finally.