The invention relates to a research about two novel red kinds of phosphor powder and a synthetic method thereof. The luminescent material uses quaternary sulfur oxide and ternary sulfide as substrates and uses rare earth ions or transition metal ions as an activator, and the general formula is as follows: (Ba1-m-n-kSrmCanMgk) 2ZnS3: xRE, yM (0<=m<=1.0, 0<=n<=1.0, 0<=k<=1.0, 0<=m+n+k<=1.0, 0<=x<=0.05, 0<=y<=0.05) and Ba1-m-n-kSrmCanMgkZnOS: xRE, yM, (0<=m<=1.0, 0<=n<=1.0, 0<=k<=1.0, 0<=m+n+k<=1.0, 0<=x<=0.05, 0<=y<=0.05), wherein RE is one or two of Y3+, la3+, Ce3+, Pr3+, Nd3+, Sm3+, Gd3+, Tb3+, Dy3+, Ho3+, Er3+, Tm3+, Yb3+ and Lu3+; and M is one or two of Mn2+, Cu2+, Cu+, Pb2+ and Bi3+. The synthetic method comprises the following steps of accurately weighing BaSO4, carbon powder and ZnS or ZnO according to chemometry, putting the fully-mixed raw materials into a crucible, calcining for 2-4 hours at 900-1000 DEG C under nitrogen or argon atmosphere, and naturally cooling to room temperature. The method for synthesizing quaternary sulfur oxide and ternary sulfide in one step with carbon thermal reduction has the advantages of simple operation, time saving, environment pollution avoidance and the like.