The invention provides a foaming polystyrene plate surface roughing and skinning machine, relating to a foaming polystyrene plate (XPS) surface roughing disposal equipment, which is convenient for improving the adhesion with cement and other polymer in building installation process. The structure consists of a plate roughing and skinning mechanism, a plate delivering mechanism, a deduster, and a frame; the plate delivering mechanism is arranged at the lower part of the frame; the plate roughing and skinning mechanism is arranged on the upper frame; the plate roughing and skinning mechanism comprises an abrasive belt, an abrasive belt skinning driving roller, an abrasive belt skinning driven roller, an abrasive belt skinning roller driving motor, a belt pulley and a belt, and an abrasive belt roller supporting frame; the plate delivering mechanism comprises a traction motor with a reducer, a rubber delivering belt, a delivering belt driving roller, a delivering belt adjustable driven roller, a belt motor reducer, a rubber belt traction working workbench, a driving leading screw, a leading screw nut, a chain and a chain wheel; the dedusting device comprises a dust hood, a scraps sweeping brush roller, a dust exhaust fan, a dust exhaust pipeline, a blowing nozzle air source square pipe and a blowing nozzle.