The invention provides a sprayable, waterproof, anticorrosive and erosion-resistant high-strength mortar and a using method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of building materials. The sprayable, waterproof, anticorrosive and erosion-resistant high-strength mortar comprises, by mass, 300-380 parts of a Portland cement clinker, 22-45 parts of silica fume, 20-50 parts of ultrafine mineralslag powder, 450-600 parts of active steel slag, 0.2-0.6 part of a dispersant, 0.5-1.2 parts of an antifoaming agent, 1-2 parts of a stable thickening agent, 0.01-0.05 part of hydroxyethyl cellulose ether, 5-20 parts of waterproof rubber powder and 1-3 parts of a water repellent. The sprayable, waterproof, anticorrosive and erosion-resistant high-strength mortar has the advantages of high impermeability, high compressive strength and bonding strength, excellent alkali resistance, excellent sulfate corrosion resistance, excellent hydrophobicity, low shrinkage rate and good volume stability.