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The invention discloses a quick detection method for cyanide ions. The quick detection method is characterized in that by studying the optical mutual action of DNA (deoxyribose nucleic acid)-copper nanoparticles (DNA-CuNPs) and fluorescent dye molecules, the fluorescence of a DNA-embedded type dye EBMVC-B can be efficiently extinguished by CuNPs, the CuNPs can be quickly etched by the cyanide ions (CN<->), the fluorescence is restored, and the process can be completed in several seconds; the quick fluorescence analysis and detection of the cyanide ions is realized. After proofing by results, the quick detection method has the advantages that the specificity is high, the sensitivity is good, the operation is simple and convenient, the economy and practicality are realized, and the like; the detection speed is quick, and the error caused by short CN- half-life period, and complicated pretreatment process or long detection time can be overcome; the detection of CN<-> in an actual water sample and the florescence imaging analysis of CN<-> in edible plant tissues are realized; the original innovativeness, and good social value and application prospect of the method are realized.