The invention provides a high-dimensional
quantum key distribution performance estimation method for orbital
angular momentum coding, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining OAM
light beam characteristic parameters through employing a Laguerre-
Gaussian mode as an orthogonal mode base set, and carrying out the
estimation of the high-dimensional
quantum key distribution performance of orbital
angular momentum coding based on the OAM
light beam characteristic parameters; respectively calculating the probability of receiving the correct OAM state under the influence of the
pointing error and the probability of receiving the correct OAM state under the influence of the atmospheric turbulence; and according to the probability of receiving the correct OAM state under the influence of the
pointing error and the atmospheric turbulence, carrying out
decoy state OAM coding HD-QKD key
estimation, and finally carrying out
decoy state OAM coding HD-QKD finite length security key
estimation to obtain the finite length security key rate of the HD-QKD
system. According to the method, the high-dimensional
quantum key distribution performance can be accurately estimated, the effective long security key rate of the HD-QKD
system is obtained, and detection efficiency mismatch and
system security vulnerabilities are avoided.