The invention relates to a variable stiffness self-repairing material containing a metal-sulfydryl coordination bond. The variable stiffness self-repairing material is prepared from a sulfydryl-terminated small molecule compound, sulfydryl-terminated liquid polysulfide resin, a cross-linking agent, zinc salt, other metal salts, an alkaline regulator and a solvent. The structure of the material contains a large number of metal-sulfydryl coordination bonds, and the coordination bonds have good thermodynamic stability, so that the material has higher rigidity and mechanical strength; the good dynamic activity of the coordination bond ensures that the material has good self-repairing performance; due to the high temperature sensitivity of the coordination bond, the variable stiffness of the material in a wide temperature range is ensured; the coordination bond is insensitive to water, so that the environmental use stability of the material is ensured; meanwhile, the material has the characteristics of high transparency and adjustable refractive index. The variable stiffness self-repairing material containing the metal-sulfydryl coordinate bond can be applied to the fields of sealants, self-repairing coatings, temperature-sensitive variable stiffness self-repairing engineering materials, additive manufacturing, composite materials, optical transparent adhesives and the like.