407 results about "Sodium–sulfur battery" patented technology

The invention discloses gel electrolyte, which comprises a polymer matrix material, a non-aqueous solvent and an inorganic filler in a mass ratio of 1:5:0.1-1:20:1 and also comprises electrolyte containing 0.5 to 2.0 mol/L of electrolyte lithium salt. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the gel electrolyte. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: mixing the polymer matrix material, the non-aqueous solvent, the inorganic filler and the electrolyte containing the electrolyte lithium salt in an inert atmosphere, and stirring the mixed solution till dissolving at the temperature of between 40 and 90 DEG C. The invention also discloses an anode and a lithium sulfur battery prepared by using the gel electrolyte. The gel electrolyte provided by the invention has high ionic conductivity, and can avoid the dissolution of the sulfur anode and the reactants; the lithium sulfur battery containing the gel electrolyte has good cycle performance; and the method is simple, does not need a large amount of extracting agent, is safe and environment-friendly, and is favorable for large-scale industrialized production.

The invention provides a preparation method of an S/TiO2 composite material for an anode of a sodium-sulfur battery. The preparation method comprises the following steps: dissolving butyl titanate, a template agent and a hydrolysis inhibitor into absolute ethyl alcohol; adding a mixed solution of de-ionized water and the absolute ethyl alcohol to form semi-transparent sol; transferring the sol into a high-pressure reaction kettle to react; calcining a solid product in air to remove the template agent to obtain meso-porous titanium dioxide; dispersing the meso-porous titanium dioxide into a sodium thiosulfate solution dissolved with a surfactant; adding hydrochloric acid to react; washing the solid product by a lot of the de-ionized water and drying; and eating under the protection of an inert atmosphere to obtain the S/TiO2 composite material. The meso-porous titanium dioxide prepared by the preparation method is large in specific surface area, high in porosity and strong in adsorption capability; the electrical conductivity of sulfur can be improved and a lot of nano sulfur and polysulfide can be contained; the polysulfide can be effectively prevented from being dissolved and diffused in electrolyte, and the utilization rate of the sulfur is improved; meanwhile, the structure of the meso-porous titanium dioxide is stable and a pore channel cannot be easily damaged, so as to have buffering effects on volume expansion and retraction in a charging/discharging process of a sulfur electrode.

A sodium-sulfur battery is disclosed in one embodiment of the invention as including an anode containing sodium and a cathode comprising elemental sulfur. The cathode may include at least one solvent selected to at least partially dissolve the elemental sulfur and Na₂S_x. A substantially non-porous sodium-ion-conductive membrane is provided between the anode and the cathode to keep sulfur or other reactive species from migrating therebetween. In certain embodiments, the sodium-sulfur battery may include a separator between the anode and the non-porous sodium-ion-conductive membrane. This separator may prevent the sodium in the anode from reacting with the non-porous sodium-ion-conductive membrane. In certain embodiments, the separator is a porous separator infiltrated with a sodium-ion-conductive electrolyte.

A method for producing a cathode material for a cathode of a galvanic cell, such as a lithium or natrium sulfur cell. In order to improve the electric and ionic conductivity, the sulfur accessibility and utilization, elemental sulfur, at least one electrically conductive component and a solvent or a solvent mixture are mixed in method step a), the elemental sulfur being completely dissolved in the solvent or in the solvent mixture, and the solvent or solvent mixture is removed in a method step b).

The invention discloses a flexible high-sulfur load self-repairing cathode structure for a lithium-sulfur battery and a preparation method of the flexible high-sulfur load self-repairing cathode structure, and belongs to the field of electrochemical batteries. The lithium-sulfur battery cathode structure disclosed by the invention is composed of graphene/high-molecular polymer flexible foam and a carbon/sulfur active material layer, wherein the active material is sulfur; and the graphene/high-molecular polymer flexible foam provides strength and a self-repairing function. The flexible high-sulfur load self-repairing cathode structure has the characteristics that a multicomponent integrated design of the lithium-sulfur battery is realized; the electrochemical property is ensured; meanwhile, the content of sulfur is increased; high active material surface density of the battery is realized; the obtained lithium-sulfur battery has the advantages of high specific capacity and high specific energy density, and simultaneously has flexibility and self-healing characteristics; the preparation process of the flexible high-sulfur load self-repairing cathode structure is simple and easy to control; large-scale and low-cost preparation can be realized; and the application value is wide.

The invention discloses an electrolyte solution for a lithium-sulfur battery. The electrolyte solution comprises an electrolyte lithium salt, an ionic liquid, a non-solvent liquid and an additive, wherein the viscosity of the non-solvent liquid is lower than that of the used ionic liquid; the solubility of the lithium salt and polysulfide lithium formed in charge and discharge processes in the non-solvent liquid is much lower than the corresponding solubility in the ionic liquid; the additive is another lithium salt with a film-forming function, which is different from the electrolyte lithiumsalt; and fluorinated ether can be selected as the non-solvent liquid. The electrolyte solution mainly aims at developing a complementary synergistic effect of the ionic liquid and the non-solvent liquid; and through assist of the film-forming lithium salt, on one hand, the viscosity of an ionic liquid-based electrolyte solution is reduced and the ionic conductivity of the electrolyte solution isimproved, and on the other hand, the capacity of the electrolyte solution for inhibiting dissolving and shuttling of the polysulfide lithium is strengthened. By adopting the electrolyte solution disclosed by the invention, various negative effects, caused by the polysulfide lithium, to the lithium-sulfur battery are greatly avoided, and the properties, such as the capacity, the cycle performance and the rate capability of the battery are improved as a whole.

The invention provides a preparation method of a sulfur positive electrode of a lithium sulfur battery. The preparation method comprises the following steps: a) preparing a mixed slurry according to the condition that the mass ratio of a sublimed sulfur to an active carbon is (4-9):2; b) drying and grinding the mixed slurry; c) dispersing the mixture in a sodium bicarbonate or ammonia solution, and performing the ultrasonic oscillation; d) adding an aluminum sulfate, aluminum chloride or aluminum potassium sulfate solution according to the condition that the mol ratio of a sulfur carbon mixture to an aluminum element in aluminum salt is 100:(0.5-3) so as to prepare a composite material covered by the aluminum hydroxide; e) filtering and drying the composite material, warming to 140-300 DEG C within 6-11 hours under the protection of inert gas, and grinding to obtain the sulfur carbon positive electrode material covered by the aluminum oxide for the lithium sulfur battery; and f) preparing the positive electrode of the lithium sulfur battery, assembling and testing the performance of the battery. The initial discharging specific capacity of the sulfur positive electrode composite material for the lithium sulfur battery prepared by the invention can achieve 1441.7.8 mAh/g, the battery discharging specific capacity is still maintained at 808.1mAh/g at room temperature after ten times of circulation, and the capacity retention rate can achieve 56.52%.

The invention discloses a sodium-sulfur battery and a manufacture method thereof. The sodium-sulfur battery comprises a metal sodium cathode, a sulfur-micropore carrier compound anode and organic electrolyte. The sulfur-micropore carrier compound anode is formed by mixing and heating sulfur and a micropore carrier according to a certain ratio, and the sulfur is evenly dispersed in micropore channels of the micropore carrier in short chain sulfur molecule mode. The micropore carrier comprises a carbon micropore carrier, a non-carbon micropore carrier and a composition of the carbon micropore carrier and the non-carbon micropore carrier. The sodium-sulfur battery can keep high circulation capacity, excellent stable circulation performance and good high magnification performance (large-current density charging and discharging) in large temperature range including room temperature. The main composition part sulfur-micropore carrier compound anode is simple in preparation method and suitable for large scale production and has high practicability. Raw materials are easy to obtain.

The invention relates to a preparation method of a positive electrode material of a lithium-sulfur battery. The preparation method comprises the following steps of enabling cobalt nitrate and 2-methylimidazole to be dissolved into a solvent and performing standing, centrifuging and drying to obtain ZIF-67; performing carbonization on ZIF-67 in inert atmosphere and performing cooling to the room temperature to obtain Co-N-C; and performing carbonization on Co-N-C and dicyandiamide in the inert atmosphere, and performing cooling to the room temperature to obtain CNT@ Co-N-C. The lithium-sulfur battery comprises the positive electrode material used for the lithium-sulfur battery. Beneficial effects are achieved as follows: compared with the single metal organic framework compound-based composite material, the specific surface area and the conductivity of the positive electrode material disclosed in the invention are enlarged and improved, and sulfur load can be realized more effectively;in addition, a shuttle effect of polysulfide in the battery reaction process can be suppressed more effectively; and a constant-current discharge test on the assembled battery proves that the electrochemical performance of the composite material with the carbon nanotubes in an in-situ growth manner is more excellent.

The invention relates to the field of electrochemical batteries, in particular to a preparation method of a lithium-sulfur battery three-dimensional carbon current collector and application of the lithium-sulfur battery three-dimensional carbon current collector in a lithium-sulfur battery. The preparation method of the lithium-sulfur battery three-dimensional carbon current collector disclosed by the invention comprises the following steps: soaking an organic foam material with an organic solvent for 2-6 h, washing, drying, and preserving the temperature for 2-6 h at the temperature of 700-900 DEG C under the protection of an inert gas so as to obtain the lithium-sulfur battery three-dimensional carbon current collector, wherein the organic foam material is any one of polyurethane foam and melamine foam; and the organic solvent is any one of ethyl alcohol, ethylene glycol, isopropyl alcohol and acetone. According to the preparation method of the lithium-sulfur battery three-dimensional carbon current collector disclosed by the invention, the current collector is prepared through carbonization under a high temperature by adopting the organic foam material, the three-dimensional structure of the current collector can improve the surface sulfur carrying capacity of the current collector and has certain elasticity, and the volume expansion of sulfur in the charging and discharging process can be accommodated.

A ZIF-9-based porou carbon/carbon fiber composite material and preparation method thereof belongs to the technical field of a preparation method of a metal nanoparticle doped porous carbon/carbon fiber conductive composite material, can solve the problems of poor conductivity and poor stability of the existing composite carbon material, wherein the carbon fiber of a carbon fiber fabric is taken asa growth substrate, and high-density arranged ZIF is grown on the growth substrate; 9, carbonize at high temperature in an inert gas atmosphere to generate porous carbon/carbon fib composite material, and that invention realizes a ZIF-9-based porous carbon and conductive substrate integrated conductive network structure, lithium sulfide batteries, sodium sulfide batteries, lithium-air batteries and fuel cells, electrocatalysis and other fields have a wide range of applications.

The invention discloses a method for preparing a composite sodium negative electrode for a sodium-ion battery and belongs to the field of new energy materials. According to the method disclosed by the invention, metal sodium is deposited in gaps of a three-dimensional carbon material or a foamed porous material and other carriers through a hot infusion melting method or an electrodeposition method, so that the composite sodium negative electrode is prepared, wherein the three-dimensional carbon material is applied to providing a sufficient space for pre-stored sodium in the preparation process and providing a carrier for receiving the metal sodium in the battery cycle process. The composite sodium negative electrode can be widely applied to the sodium-ion battery, a sodium air battery, a sodium-sulfur cell and other sodium metal batteries, is assembled into a sodium-ion symmetric cell to still keep a stable voltage platform under high current density, is capable of inhibiting sodium dendritic growth and stabilizing volume change of the sodium electrode in the battery cycle process, and has the advantages of good cycling stability, long service life and the like. The method disclosed by the invention is rich and cheap in carrier materials, controllable in preparation process, low in production cost and capable of realizing batch production.

The invention relates to a sealing material for a sodium-sulfur cell and a preparation method thereof, in particular to a beta-Al2O3 ceramic and alpha-Al2O3 ceramic sealing material and a preparation method thereof. The invention belongs to the field of energy source material. The sealing material for the sodium-sulfur cell is characterized in that the sealing material is glass powder which comprises the following components: 20 to 90 weight percent of SiO2, 5 to 40 weight percent of B2O3, 0 to 10 weight percent of Al2O3 and the balance being R2O; R2O can be one or more of Na2O, K2O and Li2O; the sealing material also comprises the following components counted by the weight of all the oxides: 0.5 to 6 weight percent of TiO2 and 0 to 6 weight percent of Y2O3 or CeO2 or La2O3; all raw materials are smelted for 30 to 360 minutes at the high temperature of 1,400 to 1,600 DEG C; and the glass powder is obtained after water quenching and crushing. The sealing material solves the problem of the imperfect heat matching between the borosilicate sealing glass for the sodium-sulfur cell and the beta-Al2O3 ceramics and alpha-Al2O3 ceramics. The sealing body has good resistance to thermal shocks; and after 50 thermal shocks, the sealing body can still not be broken off by hands and can not be fractured and have no micro-cracks when the sealing body is freely dropped onto the cement floor from a 2-meter high position.

The invention particularly relates to a preparation method of a sulfur-carbon composite positive electrode material for a lithium-sulfur battery. Sodium polysulfide is taken as the raw material, and the nano-scale sulfur particles generated by use of a chemical reaction are promoted to be melted by virtue of high-speed ball milling and go into carbon pores of conductive carbon black, and finally, the sulfur-carbon composite positive electrode material is prepared. The high-performance sulfur-carbon composite material is prepared by use of an in-situ wet ball milling method. According to the preparation method, the operation is simple and easy, the energy consumption is low, the cost is low, an environment-friendly effect is achieved, and the industrial production is easy. The thorough dispersion and fixation of sulfur on a conductive substrate are realized; besides, a high-concentration lithium salt electrolyte is adopted to inhibit the solution of polysulfide, and therefore, the cyclic stability and the active substance utilization rate of the material are improved. As a result, the sulfur-carbon composite material prepared by use of the in-situ wet ball milling method is a positive electrode material which is high in specific capacity, long in cycle life and high in rate performance and can be applied to the field of lithium secondary batteries.

The invention relates to a preparation method of a gel electrolyte for a lithium-sulfur battery. The method comprises the following steps: 1, preparing an electrolyte lithium salt and an organic solvent into a basic electrolyte; 2, adding a mixed liquid of a polymeric monomer, a cross-linking agent and a solvent into the basic electrolyte to prepare a cross-linking polymeric liquid; 3, adding an initiator into the cross-linking polymeric liquid, performing initiated polymerization at a temperature of 15-45 DEG C for 2-6 hours to finish a preparation process of the gel electrolyte for the lithium-sulfur battery, and injecting the gel electrolyte into the lithium-sulfur battery which is being assembled. According to the preparation method, the gel electrolyte formed after initiated polymerization is put into the lithium-sulfur battery in an assembling process, and the battery has a relatively high capacity retention ratio no matter the battery is under a high temperature condition or a low temperature condition, so that high and low temperature adaptability of the lithium-sulfur battery is improved effectively; a manufacturing process of the battery is improved; and the manufacturing cost of the battery is lowered. The preparation method is suitable for large-scale commercial production of the lithium-sulfur battery.

A sodium sulfur secondary battery is a battery that operates at a comparatively lower temperature, while maintaining a high operating cell potential comparable to existing sodium sulfur battery configurations. The apparatus accomplishes this through the arrangement of component materials selected based on experimentation results demonstrating favorable performance in a secondary battery configuration. The sodium sulfur battery comprises a housing, containing an anode solution, a cathode solution, and a sodium ion conductive electrolyte membrane. The anode solution contains metallic sodium and anode solvent. The cathode solution contains elemental sulfur and a cathode solvent. The sodium ion conductive electrolyte membrane is a Sodium Titanate Nano-membrane formed from long TiO2-nanowires. The electrolyte membrane is positioned between the anode solution and the cathode solution. The electrolyte membrane is able to selectively transports of sodium ion between the anode solution and the cathode solution at temperatures below 75° C. generating an electrode potential.

The present invention relates to a sodium-sulfur battery consisted of solid sodium for the negative electrode (comprising carbon, sodium metal oxide and the like comprising sodium compound, sodium ion); solid sulfur for the positive electrode (comprising sulfur, sulfur compound such as iron sulfide, nickel sulfide); and liquid electrolyte which sodium salt and organic solvent such as grymids or carbonates are soaked in cell guard, thereby improving a drawback of prior art for conventional battery.

The invention discloses a method for preparing biomass activated carbon and application of the biomass activated carbon to lithium sulfur batteries. The method includes crushing natural plant materials, soaking the natural plant materials in zinc chloride solution and then freezing the natural plant materials until the natural plant materials are in solid states; carbonizing solid at high temperatures to obtain the biomass activated carbon with rich pores, large specific surface areas and flat, narrow and long macroporous structures. The method and the application have the advantages that the biomass activated carbon and sulfur can be combined with each other to obtain biomass activated carbon/sulfur composite anode materials, anodes further can be manufactured, and the lithium sulfur batteries are high in sulfur active substance utilization rate, specific discharge capacity and coulomb efficiency and good in circulation stability when the biomass activated carbon is applied to the lithium sulfur batteries.

The invention discloses a precision control device of a vacuum laser welding machine for preparing sodium-sulfur batteries. The sealing performance of the sodium-sulfur batteries welded by the device can be improved, safety of the batteries is ensured, and safety use of the sodium-sulfur batteries is guaranteed. The technical scheme includes that the device comprises a rotary bracket, a positioning sleeve, a coupling transmission mechanism, a rotating block, a fixing sleeve, a hinge locking mechanism, a slewing mechanism, an ejector mechanism and a control transmission mechanism, a plurality of batteries are sequentially placed into a battery cavity in a vacuum box, the rotating block of the coupling transmission mechanism is inserted into a fixing sleeve matching groove for the batteries in an aligned manner through motors of the slewing mechanism and the control transmission mechanism so that the batteries are completely coupled with an end cap, the slewing mechanism drives the batteries to rotate at a uniform speed, the end cap is fixed by the positioning sleeve, and a battery housing is pushed at a position at which the battery housing is matched with the end cap to be welded with the end cap so that a welding track position is fixed.

The invention relates to a positive electrode material of a lithium sulfur battery and a preparation method and application of the material and in particular discloses a nanometer material. The material has the following characteristics: (i) the material refers to Fe2O3 nano-particles; (ii) the nano-particles are in a cube shape and have the size of 300-500nm; (iii) the material is in a porous structure, and the pore size distribution of the particles is in the range of 1-10nm. According to the nanometer material, polysulfide produced by the sulfur positive electrode material in a discharging process can be effectively stored, loss caused by dissolution of the polysulfide is avoided, and the capacity and cycling stability of the battery are obviously improved. In addition, the invention also discloses a preparation method and application of the nanometer material.