3results about How to "Increase the hydrogen evolution overpotential" patented technology

This invention belongs to the field of flow battery materials technology, specifically relating to a titanium carbide composite electrode, its preparation method, and its application in flow batteries. The composite electrode of this invention uses a carbon-based material as a substrate. A titanium carbide (TiC) layer is grown in situ on the substrate surface using a low-temperature molten salt etching method. Then, nano-metal particles are uniformly and in situ loaded onto the TiC layer surface using an electrochemical deposition method, resulting in a nano-metal / titanium carbide composite electrode. This invention significantly enhances the electrocatalytic activity of the electrode for the vanadium ion redox reaction through the synergistic catalytic effect of TiC and nano-metals, effectively suppresses the hydrogen evolution side reaction at the negative electrode, and significantly reduces charge transfer impedance, thereby improving the coulombic efficiency, energy efficiency, and long-cycle stability of the flow battery. This method is mild, requires no binder, and has a stable composite structure, making it suitable for large-scale energy storage applications.

This invention discloses a composite expander and its application in the negative electrode plate of a lead-acid battery, belonging to the field of lead-acid battery technology. Ammonium persulfate is used as an oxidant, added to an ethanol solution mixture of pyrrole / aniline monomers (conductive monomers), sodium lignosulfonate, and acrylamide, causing an oxidation reaction. Subsequently, it is calcined at high temperature under a nitrogen or argon atmosphere to obtain a compound in which a composite polymer encapsulates sodium lignosulfonate. After calcination under a protective gas atmosphere, some of the composite material carbonizes, forming a carbon-encapsulated sodium lignosulfonate composite expander. The carbon-encapsulated composite expander can slow down the consumption of sodium lignosulfonate. Using the composite expander results in a higher hydrogen evolution overpotential and more durable low-temperature performance. The application of the composite expander in the negative electrode plate of a lead-acid battery improves the sulfation problem of the negative electrode plate operating under high efficiency partial charge conditions, extending the cycle life of the lead-acid battery.

The invention belongs to the field of novel energy storage batteries, and discloses a high-rate long-cycle lead-halogen battery and a preparation method thereof. The battery comprises a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a diaphragm and electrolyte, wherein the negative electrode is an electrode containing metal lead; the electrolyte takes soluble lead salt as a solute and water or organic liquid as a solvent; an active material of the positive electrode is selected from any one of the following: (a) a halogen composite material which is formed by loading halogen X2 on a carrier material, and the halogen X2 is Br2 or I2; wherein the carrier material is selected from a carbon material or a ligand framework material; (b) a halogen-containing compound; and (c) a halogen-containing compound composite material, wherein the halogen-containing compound composite material is formed by loading a halogen-containing compound on a carbon material. In the charging and discharging process of the battery, the negative electrode Pb is subjected to oxidation / reduction reaction, Pb < 2 + > in the electrolyte is migrated to the positive electrode to form solid PbX2 with halogen, and the shuttle effect of a multi-halogen intermediate is effectively inhibited. The battery can realize complete charging and discharging in a short time, has excellent rate capability, and has super-long cycle stability under high current density.