10results about How to "Increase the hydrogen evolution overpotential" patented technology

The invention belongs to the technical field of magnesium air battery electrode materials, and particularly relates to a magnesium air battery anode material Mg-Sr-Ge ternary alloy which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.1-2.0 wt% of strontium (Sr), 0.1-2.0 wt% of germanium (Ge) and the balance of magnesium (Mg). The preparation process comprises the following steps: weighing a pure magnesium ingot, high-purity germanium and an Mg-20Sr alloy according to the required proportion, and then smelting by using a vacuum induction furnace under the protection of argon; after smelting is completed, the alloy is cooled to the room temperature along with the furnace, and as-cast alloy is formed and can be directly used for a battery anode. Compared with a commercially available AZ31 anode material, the Mg-Sr-Ge ternary alloy anode disclosed by the invention shows higher discharge voltage, specific capacity and specific energy. The alloy material is low in preparation cost and simple in smelting process, can effectively improve the discharge performance of the magnesium air battery, and has a wide application prospect.

This invention belongs to the field of flow battery materials technology, specifically relating to a titanium carbide composite electrode, its preparation method, and its application in flow batteries. The composite electrode of this invention uses a carbon-based material as a substrate. A titanium carbide (TiC) layer is grown in situ on the substrate surface using a low-temperature molten salt etching method. Then, nano-metal particles are uniformly and in situ loaded onto the TiC layer surface using an electrochemical deposition method, resulting in a nano-metal / titanium carbide composite electrode. This invention significantly enhances the electrocatalytic activity of the electrode for the vanadium ion redox reaction through the synergistic catalytic effect of TiC and nano-metals, effectively suppresses the hydrogen evolution side reaction at the negative electrode, and significantly reduces charge transfer impedance, thereby improving the coulombic efficiency, energy efficiency, and long-cycle stability of the flow battery. This method is mild, requires no binder, and has a stable composite structure, making it suitable for large-scale energy storage applications.

This invention discloses a composite expander and its application in the negative electrode plate of a lead-acid battery, belonging to the field of lead-acid battery technology. Ammonium persulfate is used as an oxidant, added to an ethanol solution mixture of pyrrole / aniline monomers (conductive monomers), sodium lignosulfonate, and acrylamide, causing an oxidation reaction. Subsequently, it is calcined at high temperature under a nitrogen or argon atmosphere to obtain a compound in which a composite polymer encapsulates sodium lignosulfonate. After calcination under a protective gas atmosphere, some of the composite material carbonizes, forming a carbon-encapsulated sodium lignosulfonate composite expander. The carbon-encapsulated composite expander can slow down the consumption of sodium lignosulfonate. Using the composite expander results in a higher hydrogen evolution overpotential and more durable low-temperature performance. The application of the composite expander in the negative electrode plate of a lead-acid battery improves the sulfation problem of the negative electrode plate operating under high efficiency partial charge conditions, extending the cycle life of the lead-acid battery.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a composite carbon material, the composite carbon material prepared by the preparation method and application of the composite carbon material. And mixing a mixed binder containing an organic binder, a metal simple substance, an additive and a solvent with the active carbon material, and drying to obtain the composite carbon material. According to the principle of similar compatibility, the organic ligand and the binder can form a sufficient mixture, and the metal elementary substance and the binder are sufficiently combined through the pi bond, so that the cohesiveness is improved. The presence of the binder can be made into a modified carbon material containing a hydrophobic layer. The hydrophobic layer is helpful for preventing active sites of the carbon material from being contacted with hydrogen ions, so that the hydrogen evolution overpotential of the carbon material is improved. Besides, the metal elementary substance can form crystal sites of the metal lead, the charging and discharging process of the lead-acid battery is a conversion process between the metal lead and lead sulfate, more crystal sites of the metal lead can refine the grain size of the metal lead as a charging product, and the purpose of refining the grains of the lead sulfate as a discharging product can be indirectly achieved. Finally, the cycle life of the lead-carbon battery is prolonged.

The present invention relates to the technical field of lead-acid batteries, and discloses a negative electrode additive for lead-acid batteries and a preparation method thereof. The negative electrode additive of the present invention is a composite material obtained by compounding SnO2, COF and carbon nitride nanotubes, wherein the composite material is SnO2@COF@porous carbon nitride nanotubes, wherein the amount of the negative electrode additive added is 0.25% of the mass of the negative electrode lead powder of the lead-acid battery; the addition of SnO2@COF@porous carbon nitride nanotubes effectively improves the sulfation phenomenon of the negative electrode of the lead-acid battery, improves the high-rate partial charge state of the lead-acid battery, thereby improving the cycle life of the battery, and at the same time, also improves the hydrogen evolution overpotential of the negative electrode plate, reduces the precipitation of hydrogen, thereby effectively alleviating the dehydration of the electrolyte, the increase of the internal pressure of the battery and the impact on the electrode plate, which is conducive to maintaining the stability of the electrode plate and the battery, thereby improving the use performance of the battery.

The invention belongs to the field of novel energy storage batteries, and discloses a high-rate long-cycle lead-halogen battery and a preparation method thereof. The battery comprises a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a diaphragm and electrolyte, wherein the negative electrode is an electrode containing metal lead; the electrolyte takes soluble lead salt as a solute and water or organic liquid as a solvent; an active material of the positive electrode is selected from any one of the following: (a) a halogen composite material which is formed by loading halogen X2 on a carrier material, and the halogen X2 is Br2 or I2; wherein the carrier material is selected from a carbon material or a ligand framework material; (b) a halogen-containing compound; and (c) a halogen-containing compound composite material, wherein the halogen-containing compound composite material is formed by loading a halogen-containing compound on a carbon material. In the charging and discharging process of the battery, the negative electrode Pb is subjected to oxidation / reduction reaction, Pb < 2 + > in the electrolyte is migrated to the positive electrode to form solid PbX2 with halogen, and the shuttle effect of a multi-halogen intermediate is effectively inhibited. The battery can realize complete charging and discharging in a short time, has excellent rate capability, and has super-long cycle stability under high current density.

The invention discloses a composite carbon material and application thereof. The problem of battery sulfation and the problem of low hydrogen evolution overpotential of a carbon material are solved in a mode of preparing the carbon composite material, and the carbon composite material containing sulfydryl, ether bonds and carboxyl is prepared by blending and sintering sulfydryl polyethylene glycol carboxylic acid and soluble lead salt. A C-O bond formed by the two ends of an ether bond and a carbon element and an O-Pb bond formed by the two ends of the ether bond and a lead element take lead atoms as crystallization sites, and the ether bond and sulfydryl can generate a synergistic effect to improve the binding energy of lead ions and sulfate radicals, so that the crystallization process of lead sulfate can be effectively improved, lead sulfate grains can be refined, and the cycle life of a battery can be prolonged. In addition, a large number of C-O-Pb bonds and sulfydryl can effectively occupy hydrogen evolution active sites of the carbon material, the hydrogen evolution overpotential of the carbon material is improved, the hydrogen precipitation amount in the use process of the lead-carbon battery is reduced, the consumption of a battery electrolyte is reduced, and the cycle service life of the lead-carbon battery is further prolonged.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a carbon material, the prepared carbon material and application of the carbon material. Comprising the following steps: mixing raw materials containing polyethylene oxide, a lead source and water, reacting in a closed container, and drying to obtain the carbon material. A C-O bond formed by two ends of an ether bond and a carbon element and an O-Pb bond formed by two ends of the ether bond and a lead element take lead atoms as crystallization sites, so that the crystallization process of lead sulfate is effectively improved, lead sulfate grains are refined, and the cycle life of a battery is prolonged. In addition, a large number of C-O-Pb bonds can effectively occupy hydrogen evolution active sites of the carbon material, the hydrogen evolution overpotential of the carbon material is improved, the hydrogen precipitation amount in the use process of the lead-carbon battery is reduced, the consumption of a battery electrolyte is reduced, and the cycle service life of the lead-carbon battery is further prolonged.

The invention discloses a carbon material and a preparation method and application thereof. In a low-pH environment, a carbon ring of a lactone or / and amide compound containing the carbon ring is in a closed state and is adsorbed on the surface of a carbon material, so that the hydrogen evolution overpotential of the carbon material can be improved, the precipitation of hydrogen in an electrolyte can be reduced, the consumption of the electrolyte can be reduced, and the cycle life of the battery can be prolonged, and in a high-pH environment, the carbon ring is in an open-loop state, so that the service life of the battery can be prolonged. The ring-opening product is a carboxyl-containing long-carbon-chain organic matter, and carboxyl contained in an organic carbon chain after ring opening can react with lead ions to influence the binding energy of the lead ions and sulfate radicals, so that the crystallization process and state of lead sulfate are improved, lead sulfate crystal grains are refined, the internal resistance of the battery is reduced, the sulfation process of the battery is improved, and the service life of the battery is prolonged. And the cycle life of the battery is prolonged.

The invention relates to a preparation method of biomass graphitized porous carbon for a lead-carbon battery. The preparation method comprises the following steps: dipping, heat treatment, oxidation and surface modification. The impregnation liquid is a mixed aqueous solution prepared from phosphoric acid, imidazolium tetrachloroferrate, ferrate and polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester according to the mass ratio of 100: (25-40): (15-35): (1-3). According to the invention, imidazolium tetrachloroferrate can cooperate with phosphoric acid to activate biomass and can also catalyze graphitization together with ferrate, pore-forming activation and catalytic graphitization are carried out synchronously, and the preparation process is green and efficient. The biomass graphitized porous carbon prepared by the method is used as a lead-carbon battery negative electrode additive, the hydrogen evolution overpotential is obviously improved, and the cycle capacity retention rate is high.