141 results about "Alloy electrode" patented technology

The invention discloses an iron alloy electrode paste and a preparation process, and belongs to the technical field of electrode paste preparation, the iron alloy electrode paste comprises a composite aggregate system and a composite binder system, the composite aggregate system comprises the following components by mass: 40-60% of anthracite aggregate, 15-25% of artificial graphite flake, and 3-8% of silicon carbide whisker; the composite binder system comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 70-80% of medium-temperature modified coal pitch, 10-15% of furan resin and 5-10% of dispersion liquid containing nano boron carbide, and the composite binder system is combined with the composite aggregate system through a gradient permeation process to form a three-dimensional conductive network and an enhanced interface; the composite aggregate system and the composite binder system are optimally proportioned, and gradient permeation and gradient kneading processes are combined, so that the comprehensive performance of the electrode paste is remarkably improved, the thermal shock resistance is greatly improved and the linear shrinkage rate is reduced while low resistivity is maintained, the electrode paste is suitable for smelting ferroalloys such as silicomanganese and ferrochromium, and the service life is remarkably prolonged.

The invention belongs to the technical field of hydrogen production, and particularly relates to an electric heating catalyst and an electric heating catalytic ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system. The electrothermal catalyst comprises a catalyst component and a foam alloy electrode, wherein the catalyst component comprises an active metal, a carrier metal oxide and an auxiliary metal oxide; the interior of the foam alloy electrode is of a porous network structure, the catalyst components are uniformly distributed on the outer surface of the foam alloy electrode and the inner wall of the porous network structure, and the thickness of the catalyst components distributed on the outer surface of the foam alloy electrode and the thickness of the inner wall of the porous network structure are both 5-10 microns. The foam alloy electrode is used as a heating unit and a carrier for catalyst growth, catalyst forming is not needed, good heat transfer and mass transfer efficiency is achieved, meanwhile, the electro-thermal catalytic bed design of multiple sections of bed layers is combined, temperature subsection control of the multiple sections of bed layers is achieved, the optimal reaction conditions can be kept at different reaction stages, and the reaction efficiency is improved. Therefore, the reaction efficiency is obviously improved.

The present invention relates to a method and device for electrolytic machining with self - controllable deformation of a shape memory alloy electrode, belonging to the technical field of electrolytic machining. This method uses a shape memory alloy as the electrode material and the initial part profile line as the electrode shape. Through heat treatment, the electrode corresponds to different part profile line shapes at different temperatures. During electrolytic machining, the electrode is connected to a floating fixture, and the temperature of the electrolyte is regulated by the equipment to cause corresponding deformation at different positions. After the machining is completed, using the shape memory effect of the material, the electrode is heated to restore its shape. This method can not only achieve the machining of variable cross - sections but also reuse the electrode.

The invention belongs to the technical field of new energy and electrochemistry, and particularly relates to a corrosion-resistant structured transition metal alloy electrode suitable for hydrogen production from alkaline water and a preparation method of the corrosion-resistant structured transition metal alloy electrode. The method comprises the following steps: sequentially carrying out sand blasting treatment and electrochemical activation treatment on a nickel net substrate so as to improve the surface roughness and the number of active sites; and then performing constant-current deposition in an electro-deposition solution containing nickel salt and ferric salt and / or cobalt salt, and constructing a nickel-based alloy catalyst layer in a micron array shape to obtain the alloy electrode. Through observation of a scanning electron microscope, the surface of the obtained electrode has a sphere-like microstructure, the arrangement is compact, and the catalytic efficiency and durability can be improved. The prepared structured alloy electrode has the advantages of being high in interface bonding force, high in electro-catalytic performance, high in alkali corrosion resistance and the like, and is suitable for efficient and long-term operation of hydrogen production through alkaline electrolysis of water.

The invention discloses a high-entropy alloy electrode production management method and system based on quality tracing, and belongs to the technical field of production management, and the method specifically comprises the steps: endowing an identifier for an electrode production batch, and collecting a technological parameter curve; dividing application scenes and storing data in a classified manner by associating batch identifiers with terminal product models; obtaining the statistical failure life of the terminal product and extracting related process curves to form an analysis sample set; quantitative fluctuation characteristics of the process curve are extracted, and correlation analysis is carried out on the quantitative fluctuation characteristics and corresponding batches of life; defining a process characteristic value interval in positive correlation with the long life in a specific scene and generating a corresponding production control parameter set; and matching an application scene according to the order product model, and calling a corresponding parameter set to execute directional production. According to the method, closed-loop tracing and correlation analysis between process data and terminal service performance are constructed, so that the performance suitability and the production control accuracy of the high-entropy alloy electrode in subdivision application are improved.

The invention belongs to the technical field of tungsten alloy, and particularly discloses a tungsten alloy electrode material and a preparation method thereof.The tungsten alloy electrode material comprises, by weight, 0.1%-0.2% of lanthanum boride, 0.2%-0.5% of zirconium oxide, 0.2%-0.6% of boron carbide, 0.4%-0.8% of cerium oxide, 0.5%-1.2% of tantalum carbide, 1.4%-1.8% of modified carbon nanotubes and the balance tungsten powder. The lanthanum boride, the zirconium oxide, the boron carbide, the cerium oxide, the tantalum carbide and the modified carbon nanotubes are added into the tungsten powder, under the combined action of the lanthanum boride, the zirconium oxide, the boron carbide, the cerium oxide, the tantalum carbide and the modified carbon nanotubes, the tensile strength and the electrical conductivity are effectively improved, and the high-temperature stability tungsten powder has excellent high-temperature stability and wide application prospects.

A semiconductor device and methods for forming the device are disclosed. The semiconductor device includes a bottom electrode, a magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) stack on the bottom electrode, and a top electrode on the MTJ stack. The bottom electrode and / or the top electrode include doped SiGeSn.

The invention discloses an ammonia nitrogen electrochemical sensitive electrode based on a platinum-zinc-copper ternary alloy and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of electrochemical sensing. The preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly, dissolving platinum salt, copper salt and zinc salt in deionized water according to a certain proportion to prepare a precursor solution for electrodeposition; and then, constructing a three-electrode system by taking the cleaned carbon cloth substrate as a working electrode, a platinum sheet as a counter electrode and Ag / AgCl as a reference electrode, and depositing a platinum-zinc-copper ternary nano-alloy sensitive material on the carbon cloth substrate through an electrochemical cyclic voltammetry to obtain the ammonia nitrogen electrochemical sensitive electrode based on the platinum-zinc-copper ternary alloy. Finally, the electrode is used for sensitive detection of ammonia nitrogen in water. The detection performance of the platinum-zinc-copper ternary alloy electrode on ammonia nitrogen is superior to that of a sensitive electrode of the same type, and the platinum-zinc-copper ternary alloy electrode has the advantages of low cost, high sensitivity, wide linear range, low detection limit and the like, shows good repeatability and interference resistance, and can realize rapid detection and real-time monitoring on ammonia nitrogen in water.

The invention discloses a production and preparation method of rare earth alloying electrode flat steel, and belongs to the technical field of material metallurgy. Comprising a steelmaking process flow; steel rolling technological process; steel-making process parameters and steel rolling control process parameters are optimized; the electrode flat steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: less than or equal to 0.005% of C, less than or equal to 0.02% of Si, less than or equal to 0.03% of Mn, less than or equal to 0.008% of P, less than or equal to 0.005% of S, 0.03-0.04% of Ti, 0.0040-0.0060% of RE, less than or equal to 0.040% of Al and the balance of Fe and other trace impurity elements. Through reasonable chemical component design and production process control, the strength and conductivity of the pure iron for electrolytic aluminum can be effectively improved, the yield strength of the pure iron is larger than or equal to 200 MPa, the tensile strength of the pure iron is larger than or equal to 280 MPa, and the room-temperature conductivity (20 DEG C) of the pure iron is smaller than or equal to 0.12 mu omega.mm.

The application discloses a water-based sodium ion battery equalization control method, equipment and device, relates to the water-based sodium ion battery control technical field, and comprises the following steps: collecting the operation data of each single battery in the battery pack, constructing a single battery state prediction model, and predicting the SOC change trend of the single battery in the future; according to the SOC change trend, the priority equalization object of the single battery is obtained, and the equalization scheduling of the priority equalization object is corrected based on the SOH change trend; according to the corrected priority, the energy of the priority equalization object is transferred to the energy storage element; based on the fuzzy game method, the energy in the energy storage element is released to the low-priority single battery; the application combines the SOC prediction, the SOH priority correction, the energy transfer and release method combining the fuzzy game and the reinforcement learning, and solves the problem that the single SOC of the battery pack is not balanced and the service life decline is difficult to consider.

The utility model relates to the technical field of heating devices, and discloses a titanium-based memory alloy electrode recovery heating device for electroosmosis drainage reinforcement of a soft soil foundation, which comprises a heating device main body, a limiting support seat and a heating assembly, a fixed supporting plate is movably connected into the heating device body, a sensor and a control panel are arranged on the front face of the heating device body, and the heating assembly is arranged in the heating device body. A rotating connecting shaft rotates to drive a first gear and a second gear to be meshed to drive a rotating threaded rod to rotate in the heating device main body, and a fixed supporting plate is pushed to ascend and descend through threaded connection of the rotating threaded rod and a fixed threaded cylinder, so that the distance between an electrode and a stainless steel electric heating pipe is controlled; and the electrode is controlled within an effective heating range, so that an effective heating effect is achieved when the electrode is heated, and the recovery quality is improved.

A hydrogen storage alloy-based all-solid-state pH sensor is disclosed, comprising a counter electrode, a working electrode, a reference electrode, and a flexible substrate. The counter electrode is a platinum electrode, the working electrode is a hydrogen storage alloy electrode, the reference electrode is a silver / silver chloride electrode, and the flexible substrate is PET. Using the hydrogen-storage titanium-iron alloy electrode as the working electrode and an Ag|AgCl electrode as the reference electrode, the potential of the test solution is measured, and the pH value of the test solution is obtained through a standard curve. This invention explored the optimal ratio of titanium and iron elements through a series of experiments, enabling the sensor to simultaneously achieve both accuracy and stability. While ensuring good hydrogen ion response, optimal stability is obtained by adjusting the titanium-iron element ratio, making it suitable for long-term real-time online in vivo pH detection.

The application provides a heat treatment method of a Ni30 high-temperature alloy, and comprises the following steps: S1: producing an electrode bar: according to the chemical composition of the Ni30 alloy, metal raw materials are loaded into a non-vacuum induction furnace, current heating is carried out to melt at 1500-1600 DEG C, then pouring is carried out in an ingot mold, mold cooling is carried out, then demolding is carried out, and then air cooling is continuously carried out to room temperature, so that a solid solution electrode bar is obtained; S2: high-temperature solid solution: the solid solution electrode bar obtained in the step S1 is loaded into a heating furnace, heating is carried out to 1050-1150 DEG C, and then holding is carried out for 4-8 hours, then the furnace is discharged, and water cooling is carried out to room temperature, so that a solid solution electrode bar is obtained; S3: electroslag remelting smelting: the solid solution electrode bar obtained in the step S2 is subjected to electroslag remelting smelting, so that an electroslag ingot is obtained, and preparation is completed. Through the application, the problem that the Ni30 high-temperature alloy electrode bar prepared by the conventional heat treatment method has large stress, the process parameters are unstable in the electroslag remelting process, the quality of the electroslag ingot is unstable, and the material yield of forging is low is solved.

The utility model discloses a tungsten-copper alloy heater for sapphire crystal growth, and relates to the technical field of sapphire crystal growth equipment. The heating device comprises a mounting seat, a supporting frame is fixedly connected to the bottom of the mounting seat, a heating rod is arranged at the bottom of the mounting seat, a tungsten-copper alloy electrode is arranged at the top of the mounting seat, a clamping device is arranged at the top of the mounting seat, the clamping device comprises a sliding groove, the sliding groove is formed in the top of the mounting seat, and the tungsten-copper alloy electrode is arranged in the sliding groove. The inner wall of the sliding groove is fixedly connected with a mounting block. The birdcage heater made of the tungsten copper alloy is not prone to deformation, meanwhile, a good temperature gradient and a uniform and stable temperature field are provided for sapphire crystal growth, stable crystal growth is achieved, meanwhile, the service life of the heater is prolonged, equipment damage caused by improper operation can be reduced, and the service life of the heater is prolonged. And the maintenance cost caused by frequent misoperation is reduced.

The invention discloses multi-component alloy electrode plasma surface modification treatment equipment, and particularly relates to the field of plasma surface modification treatment.The equipment comprises a vacuum cavity, a box door is arranged on the outer side of the vacuum cavity, and an inflation mechanism, a vacuum mechanism and a waste gas treatment mechanism are arranged on the outer side of the vacuum cavity; a detection mechanism, an electrifying mechanism and a limiting mechanism are mounted in the vacuum cavity, and the limiting mechanism comprises a metal grid plate. Through the arrangement of the detection mechanism and the limiting mechanism, ions in the plasma are controlled to move within a certain range by utilizing an electric field force generated by bias voltage, so that the generation rate of the ions in the plasma is not influenced while gas in the vacuum cavity is exhausted, and meanwhile, according to the concave-convex condition of the surface of a material, the plasma can be accurately detected. The ion spraying rate and the ion generation rate are controlled, the working time of the device is shortened, and the working efficiency of the device is improved.

The invention relates to the technical field of electrode press operation, in particular to a continuous reciprocating type mixed feeding device and method for a titanium alloy electrode press. After the raw materials are mixed in the mixing device, the mixed raw materials are transferred into the material mixing tank, the material mixing tank continues mixing, it is guaranteed that the mixing effect of the raw materials is not changed, meanwhile, the raw materials move towards the position of the mold, and when the mixed materials move to the position above the mold, the mixed raw materials are transferred into the mold; meanwhile, the two mixing tanks are arranged and matched with the two-time feeding process of the titanium electrode, when the first mixing tank unloads materials to the mold, the second mixing tank is just transferred to the feeding position of the mixing device, and when the first mixing tank unloads the materials, the second mixing tank loads the materials, so that continuous mixing and feeding of the raw materials are achieved, and meanwhile, the production efficiency is improved. And the mixing tanks are arranged side by side and do reciprocating motion between the feeding position and the mold. The problem that the finished product quality of titanium alloy electrodes is affected due to layering in the feeding process is solved, and meanwhile automatic and continuous feeding of raw materials is achieved.

The present invention discloses a molybdenum alloy electrode resistant to hot corrosion of liquid metal and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method mainly includes the following steps: mixing TiB2 powder and Mo powder in proportion by using a method combining sieving and mixing with a mixer, drying and screening the mixture after mixing, and then obtaining the molybdenum alloy electrode through hot pressing sintering, deformation treatment, and machining. After adding TiB2, it remains in the grain boundaries. Because it has characteristics such as a stable oxide film, chemical inertness, and low solubility when facing liquid metal, the molybdenum alloy has excellent resistance to liquid metal erosion. The forging process reforms the clamping part at the front end of the robotic arm, adding a hydraulic cylinder that can freely and automatically adjust the clamping part to float slightly within the range of [-10, +10] mm along the Z-axis, ensuring the flatness of the contact part between the clamped part of the bar and the mold during forging and avoiding the occurrence of shear failure. Using the method of the present invention, a high-performance molybdenum alloy electrode with high density, good liquid metal corrosion resistance, and high yield is obtained.

The invention discloses a NiCu alloy electrode preparation method based on electrochemical micromachining and electro-crystallization coordinated regulation and control, which comprises the following steps: (1) electrochemical micromachining: cutting a nickel net, clamping the longer end of the nickel net by using an electrode clamp with a platinum sheet, ensuring the effective area of an electrode immersed in an electrolyte, electrifying the nickel net in an acid solution, and carrying out electrochemical micromachining on the nickel net; cleaning and drying for later use; and (2) Ni-Cu gradient crystallization is conducted, specifically, nickel crystallization is conducted firstly, then copper crystallization is conducted, a Ni-rich compact bottom layer is formed in the initial stage of crystallization, a Ni-Cu mixed columnar crystal transition layer is formed in the middle stage of crystallization, and a Cu-rich nano dendritic crystal surface layer is formed in the later stage of crystallization. According to the preparation method, a multi-scale micro-nano composite structure is constructed through electrochemical micromachining, a micron framework-nano dendritic crystal composite structure is formed through Ni-Cu gradient crystallization, micron-scale gaps generated by electrochemical micromachining are filled, the NiCu alloy interface characteristics are optimized, the electro-catalytic performance is remarkably improved, and the method is close to a precious metal platinum catalyst.

A kind of 690 alloy electrode for joule heating ceramic furnace and its using method, including the mechanical processing of 690 alloy electrode, laser welding and high temperature annealing treatment, the long-term working temperature of the electrode is 1150 DEG C, up to 1200 DEG C at most, the electrode has the advantages of good cooling effect, small stress, corrosion resistance, long service life etc.

The application relates to a noble metal active site enriched nanoporous amorphous alloy electrode material and electrolytic water catalytic application thereof. x Nb y N z The amorphous alloy thin strip is a precursor (wherein M is one or more than one of 3d transition metal elements Ni, Fe or Co, and N is one or more than one of noble metal elements Pt, Ir or Os), M and Nb elements are selectively removed by dealloying to obtain a nanoporous amorphous alloy electrode material composed of a surface nanometer noble metal enrichment layer, a middle nanoporous amorphous transition layer and an internal amorphous matrix layer, the electrode material has good mechanical bending flexibility, can be bent by 180 degrees at will without breaking, and is easy to prepare a self-supporting electrode device. The nanometer noble metal enrichment layer on the surface of the electrode material presents a multi-level pore structure composed of submicron 0.3-0.5 mu m honeycomb-shaped channels and superfine sponge-like 20-50 nm nanometer through holes, provides rich active sites, and exhibits excellent electrocatalytic performance: the hydrogen evolution overpotential is 17-30 mV at a current density of 10 mA / cm 2 The Tafel slope is 24-43 mV / dec, and the stable operation time can be more than 1000 hours under the condition of a current density of 500 mA / cm 2 The electrode material can be applied to the field of new energy such as electrolytic water catalytic hydrogen production.

The invention provides a preparation method of a silicon-based alloy electrode of a lithium battery. The preparation method comprises the following steps: performing surface modification pretreatment on a conductive substrate; preparing a silicon-containing alloy mixed material, and carrying out wet conversion on the silicon-containing alloy mixed material to obtain silicon-containing alloy slurry; coating the conductive substrate with silicon-containing alloy slurry for multiple times to form a composite slurry layer; carrying out surface modification on the composite slurry layer; after the composite slurry layer is cured, a buffer layer is formed on the surface of the composite slurry layer; the composite slurry layer is formed on the surface of the conductive substrate by preparing the silicon-containing alloy slurry, an effective channel is formed for efficient diffusion and transmission of lithium ions, the internal electrochemical reaction rate during the working period of the lithium battery is increased, and the performance of the lithium battery is improved.

The application discloses a high-entropy alloy electrode and a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method of the high-entropy alloy electrode comprises the following steps: step A, providing a soluble metal salt solution containing at least five metal elements, a reducing agent solution and a porous conductive carrier; step B, applying the soluble metal salt solution to the surface of the porous conductive carrier, and allowing the soluble metal salt solution to enter the interior of the porous conductive carrier under suction filtration conditions; step C, continuously maintaining the suction filtration conditions, applying the reducing agent solution to the surface of the porous conductive carrier, and allowing the reducing agent solution to enter the interior of the porous conductive carrier; and step D, repeating steps B to C for several times to obtain the high-entropy alloy electrode. The preparation method provided by the application is simple in operation, low in cost, safe, and free of an acidic plating solution, and is beneficial to large-scale production. In addition, the high-entropy alloy electrode prepared by the method has a very large specific surface area, small high-entropy alloy grains, a stable and uniform plating layer, and can be applied as an electrolytic water anode.

The invention discloses a platinum alloy electrode material and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of rare and noble metal high-temperature alloys. Metal of high-melting-point Pt (1772 DEG C), Ni (1450 DEG C), V (1902 DEG C) and Ru (2334 DEG C) serves as alloy elements, the vacuum induction melting and suction casting rapid solidification technology is adopted for preparing PtNiVRu quaternary alloy block-shaped and cylindrical cast ingots, and the cast ingots have the advantages of being uniform in structure, free of segregation, shrinkage cavities and looseness and the like; products in the shapes of sheets and wires are finally obtained through proper heat treatment and cold machining processes. The finally obtained platinum alloy electrode material is high in density, high in hardness, low in resistivity and good in fusion welding resistance and arc ablation resistance.

An electrolysis device configured to produce hydrogen gas from water, the electrolysis device comprising a container (4), the container accommodating an aqueous alkaline solution (5), a cathodic electrode (1), and an anodic electrode (2), an electrical current being selectively applied between the cathodic electrode and the anodic electrode, wherein the cathodic electrode and possibly the anodic electrode, is made of a nickel alloy, with a nickel base alloyed with at least one element chosen among chromium, molybdenum, cobalt and iron, wherein the cathodic electrode and the anodic electrode are manufactured by an additive manufacturing process, from respective first and second mixed metallic powder compounds, wherein the cathodic and anodic electrodes exhibit an outer surface comprising a plurality of first surface patterns (6,7).

The invention belongs to the technical field of molecular electronics, and particularly relates to a method for constructing a fixed-area molecular tunnel junction and an electrical property testing method.The method comprises the steps that a circular array mask is prepared, a gold target is deposited on the surface of a glass sheet, and a circular gold array is obtained; the gold-glass transparent array electrode is soaked in a molecular solution, when molecule self-assembly is completed, the surface is washed and dried, and the gold-glass transparent array electrode with the surface containing a self-assembly monomolecular film is obtained; preparing a gallium-indium alloy electrode; the gold-glass transparent array electrode is placed on an objective table, the tip of the gallium-indium alloy electrode is in contact with the circular gold array, the other end of the gallium-indium alloy electrode is led out to be in contact with the metal probe electrode, a current test loop is formed, and a fixed-area molecular tunnel junction is formed; compared with a traditional metal electrode, the gold-glass transparent array electrode has the advantage that adverse factors such as personal errors of molecular junction electrical property test results are effectively reduced.

The invention discloses a copper core tantalum alloy electrode and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of copper electrodes, and the copper core tantalum alloy electrode sequentially comprises a copper core, a zinc transition layer and a tantalum alloy coating layer from inside to outside; the preparation method comprises the following steps: S1, plating zinc on the surface layer of a copper rod to obtain a copper-zinc rod; s2, thermally sleeving the tantalum alloy seamless tube on the surface of the copper core rod to obtain a rod blank; and S3, drawing and rotary swaging are conducted on the bar blank, then low-temperature annealing is conducted, and the copper core tantalum alloy electrode can be obtained. The copper core tantalum alloy electrode can meet the requirements of strong acid scenes such as sodium sulfate and potassium sulfate preparation and sewage treatment, and is stable in structure and long in service life.

The invention belongs to the technical field of electrochemistry, and relates to a preparation method of a self-leaching / assembled nickel-tungsten alloy composite material, which comprises the following steps: preparing nickel nitrate hexahydrate, ammonium metatungstate and deionized water into a solution, transferring the solution and a pretreated base material into a stainless steel autoclave with a Teflon lining, carrying out hydrothermal reaction, and cleaning to obtain a nano precursor NiWO-Sub; carrying out reduction heat treatment under the protection of a hydrogen-containing atmosphere to obtain a tungsten composite precursor Ni-WO-Comp; and performing electrochemical activation treatment by adopting a cyclic voltammetry method. Through a self-leaching-assembling strategy, controllable leaching of a tungsten element and in-situ optimized assembling of a material structure are achieved in the electrochemical activation process, the formed amorphous WOx and W-doped NiW alloy composite structure is balanced under the high-concentration W leaching effect, continuous tungsten leaching in an industrial-grade electrolyzed water environment is effectively inhibited, and the yield of the tungsten-doped WOx and W-doped NiW alloy composite structure is improved. And the long-term catalytic stability of the nickel-tungsten alloy electrode is obviously improved. And the preparation process is simple and easy to implement, can be attached to various different substrates, and is easy to implement industrially.

The invention discloses a high-potential aluminum alloy anode material and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of light metal functional materials. According to the aluminum alloy anode material, aluminum with the purity larger than 99.999% serves as a raw material, alloy elements are added, and the added alloy elements comprise, by mass, 0.3%-0.7% of Mg, 0.1%-0.15% of Ga, 0.05%-0.08% of Sn and 0.03%-0.07% of In; the mass percentage content of impurities is less than 0.01%; alloy elements are added in the form of magnesium-based binary intermediate alloy. According to the invention, modification research on an aluminum alloy anode material is carried out by adopting a microalloying mode, and a high-potential aluminum alloy electrode material is prepared through key processes such as smelting and casting of a microalloyed aluminum alloy electrode, ultra-thin cold pressing processing of the aluminum alloy electrode and multi-stage heat treatment of the aluminum alloy electrode; the prepared high-potential aluminum alloy anode material is high in electrochemical activity; processing is easy, cost is low, and pollution is avoided; the corrosion resistance is good; the hydrogen evolution rate is low, the discharge potential is stable and the electrode utilization rate is high.

Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a semiconductor device. The semiconductor device includes a bottom electrode, a magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) stack on the bottom electrode, and a top electrode on the MTJ stack. At least one of the bottom electrode and the top electrode includes doped SiGeSn.

The invention provides a method for applying a low-concentration mixed acid electrolyte to electrochemical etching of a commercial alloy electrode, and belongs to the technical field of electrochemistry. In-situ surface etching is carried out on commercial alloy through mixed acid electrolyte, a surface micro-nano structure is formed, the surface area and the electrochemical active area of the commercial alloy are remarkably increased, and the method comprises the following steps that firstly, phosphoric acid, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid or nitric acid are mixed according to a specific combination and proportion, and a low-concentration mixed acid solution is obtained; and 2, using a double-cathode strategy in an electrolytic bath, fixing the pretreated commercial alloy in the electrolytic bath as an anode and electrodes on two sides as cathodes, adding the mixed acid electrolyte in the step 1 for electrochemical etching, taking out after the reaction is completed, cleaning, and carrying out vacuum drying. According to the method, the surface area and the electrochemical active area of the commercial alloy can be remarkably increased, a specific surface micro-nano structure is formed according to different commercial alloy types and etching parameters, and the method is suitable for hydrogen production application of alkaline electrolyzed water and electrolyzed seawater.