The invention relates to the technical field of detection, in particular to an anaerobe liquid-phase chip inspection method. The detection method comprises the following steps of step A, designing a primer and a probe; step B, establishing a multiple RT-PCR reaction system; step C, establishing a liquid-phase chip detection system; and step D, performing detection. The detection method is based ondesign basis of 16S rDNA molecule subtypes, through combination of a multiplex PCR reaction, a Luminex technique is used as a platform, the liquid-phase chip method is established, and besides, the method is used for detecting 9 anaerobe nucleic acids which are common in clinical application and is convenient to operate, free from requirement for viable bacteria, high in flux, high in sensitivity, high in speed, high in specificity and low in cost. Timely and accurate information can be provided for clinical application, medical resources are saved, the medical treatment charge is effectivelyreduced, early diagnosis of anaerobe is favorable for early treatment of clinical application, the hospitalization period of patients is effectively shortened, the medical treatment charge of the patients is reduced, and joint medical resources are saved.