The invention relates to the field of composite fertilizers, and concretely relates to a once-applied efficient sustained-release composite base fertilizer. The fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-15 parts of 1250-2000 mesh diatomite, 15-18 parts of dry cattle manure, 8-10 parts of rice bran, 20-22 parts of urea, 15-18 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 8-10 parts of calcium superphosphate, 2-3 parts of vegetable gelatin, 1-3 parts of animal gelatin, 1-2 parts of basalt powder, 10-12 parts of potassium chloride, 6-8 parts of black soil, 1-2 parts of copper sulfate, 2-4 parts of zinc sulfate, 4-5 parts of pinus massoniana needles, 12-15 parts of pregelatinized cassava starch, 6-8 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 4-5 parts of glycerol, 0.1-0.2 part of high-activity zinc oxide, 3-5 parts of magnesium sulfate, 1-2 parts of egg shells and 4-5 parts of an auxiliary agent. The composite fertilizer is wide in raw material sources, low in cost and sufficient in fertility; dual cladding on nutrients is formed by utilizing an efficient sustained-release coating agent prepared from diatomite and multiple film easily-forming raw materials in the preparation technology, so that the fertility is relatively durable, and noneffective loss of nutrients is avoided; and the composite fertilizer is capable of satisfying growth requirements of crops after being applied once, and helps to greatly simplify plantation cost.