37results about How to "Reach energy consumption" patented technology

The invention relates to an infrared energy-saving coating with anti-corrosion and anti-coking functions, which is prepared from a component A and a component B according to the weight ratio of 1: 1-2. The particle size of powder materials in the component A is not less than 280 meshes and the component A is prepared from the following powder materials according to the weight ratio: 40-60 parts of spinel structure infrared composite darkening agent, 10-30 parts of corundum powder and 3-10 parts of high-temperature binding agent. The component A further comprises an anti-coking agent, and the anti-coking agent is prepared from the following powder materials according to the weight ratio: 3-10 parts of graphite, 0-10 parts of boron nitride and 1-5 parts of manganese sesquioxide. The component B is of a film-forming substance and prepared from the following raw materials according to the weight ratio: 60-80 parts of water glass, 10-30 parts of silica sol and 0-20 parts of water-borne resin solution. The invention further discloses a preparation method of the coating. The coating provided by the invention has the advantages: corrosion prevention, capability of reducing coking, high temperature resistance and excellent infrared radiation performance.

The invention discloses a porous geopolymer-based phase-change energy storage material. The existing basic geopolymer-based porous materials all have no phase-change energy storage function. The porous geopolymer-based phase-change energy storage material is composed of slurry and a composite foaming agent in the weight ratio of (9-38): 1, wherein the slurry is composed of 20-50 parts of water glass, 20-50 parts of mineral waste residue, 10-20 parts of coal ash, 10-20 parts of metakaolin, 0.1-1.5 parts of polypropylene fiber, 0.3-1.0 part of redispersible latex powder, and 0.005-0.03 part of phase change microcapsule; the composite foaming agent is composed of 24-35 parts of hydrogen peroxide, 64-75 parts of water, 0.5-1 part of foam stabilizer and 1-1.5 parts of animal foaming agent. The porous geopolymer-based phase-change energy storage material provided by the invention maintains the advantages of the existing basic geopolymer-based porous materials such as even foam bore diameter, low heat conductivity coefficient, high solidification speed, high production efficiency and low cost, and wide raw material source; the porous geopolymer-based phase-change energy storage material is also capable of absorbing and releasing energy; therefore, the effects of energy saving and environmental protection can be achieved truly and the shortcomings of the similar materials are made up. The porous geopolymer-based phase-change energy storage material is a fireproof and durable basic geopolymer-based porous material which is capable of realizing phase-change energy storage.

The invention discloses an air conditioner control method which comprises the following steps: when an air conditioner gets into indoor temperature PID control, acquiring a current indoor temperature as a first indoor temperature, taking the difference between the first indoor temperature and a set compensation temperature as a second indoor temperature, calculating the temperature difference between the second indoor temperature and a current indoor target temperature, and performing indoor temperature PID calculation according to the temperature difference to obtain a first target frequency; comparing the second indoor temperature with a set comfortable temperature, and determining to execute indoor temperature PID control or fuzzy control according to a comparison result; and detecting a human body temperature during the process of the indoor temperature PID control or the fuzzy control, and increasing the current indoor target temperature when the human body temperature is abnormal. Through the application of the air conditioner control method, the problem of uncomfortable refrigeration caused by cold air from a conventional inverter air conditioner is solved, and meanwhile both the comfort of indoor temperature regulation of the air conditioner and the low power consumption and energy conservation properties of the air conditioner are taken into account.

The invention relates to an electric heating device and provides an electric heating control method with continuously adjustable power. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, a system receives a target temperature input by a user and calculates target power according to the target temperature, and the target temperature is in direct proportion to the target power; then the system detects real-time input voltage value, calculates the real-time power difference according to the real-time input voltage value and the target power and calculates the real-time duty cycle according to the real-time power difference, and the real-time power difference is in direct proportion to the real-time duty cycle; finally, the system modulates the output power of a power module according to the real-time duty cycle. The power output of the heating device is adjusted in real time according to the difference change of the current temperature and the target temperature, so that the effects of improving the heating comfort, improving the energy efficiency of an air conditioner, prolonging the service life of the product and reducing the energy consumption are realized, and the method is applicable to air conditioners, electric heaters and electric blankets.

The invention discloses a method for controlling a variable frequency air conditioner . The method comprises the following steps: an air conditioner is turned on to operate under a refrigeration mode; after the operation time of a compressor of the air conditioner reaches set operation time, the present indoor temperature detected by an indoor temperature sensor is obtained as the first indoor temperature; the difference value between the first indoor temperature and set compensation temperature serves as the second indoor temperature; the temperature difference between the second indoor temperature and the present indoor target temperature is calculated to obtain the indoor temperature difference; the room temperature PID operation is performed according to the indoor temperature difference to obtain the first target frequency; the second indoor temperature is compared with set comfortable temperature; and the room temperature PID control or the dual PID control is performed according to the comparison result. The indoor temperature adjusting comfort of the air conditioner and the low-power-consumption energy conservation of the air conditioner are taken into consideration, and the problem of uncomfortable refrigeration due to blowing out of cold wind by a traditional variable frequency air conditioner is solved.

The invention provides an oily sewage physical demulsification method for an oil field, belongs to the technical field of oil fields, and particularly provides a technical method for carrying out physical demulsification on oil-in-water or water-in-oil type emulsified liquid. Oily sewage passes through a Venturi tube; the pressure of the oily sewage at the throat part of the Venturi tube is controlled to be lower than saturated vapor pressure of water; and free oil molecules are absorbed by using an oleophylic material, so that the oil molecules are separated and removed after being gathered to form oil drops. With the adoption of the oily sewage physical demulsification method, the oily sewage with an oil amount which is less than or equal to 100 mg / L can be treated. After the oily sewage is treated by a system, the oil removing rate can reach to be more than 90%, and the oilfield reinjection water standard can be reached without adding a demulsifier, using extra power equipment and carrying out biochemical treatment. Furthermore, the oily sewage physical demulsification method has the characteristics of being low in energy consumption, small in occupied area and the like. With the adoption of the oily sewage physical demulsification method provided by the invention, no chemical agent is added, so that the cost caused by adding the chemical agent can be saved by 0.4-0.6 Yuan / m<3>.

The invention discloses a drying device for a dishwasher, a housing component and the dishwasher. The drying device includes: a main air passage having an air inlet and an air outlet, wherein the airoutlet is suitably communicated with an inner container of the dishwasher; a drying air passage, wherein an intake end of the drying air passage is communicated with inner container of the dishwasher,and an exhaust end of the drying air passage is connected with the air inlet; a regenerated air passage, wherein an intake end of the regenerate air passage is suitably communicated with the outside,and an exhaust end thereof is connected with the air inlet; a fan, a moisture adsorber and a heater which are arranged in the main air passage, wherein the heater is positioned below the moisture adsorber; a controller which is switchable between a first state and a second state, wherein the controller allows the drying air passage and the main air passage to be connected and the regenerated airpassage and the main air passage to be disconnected when in the first state, and allows the regenerated air passage and the main air passage to be connected and the drying air passage and the main airpassage to be disconnected when in the second state. The drying device according to the invention has high drying efficiency, good drying effect, low energy consumption, high energy utilization rateand high regeneration efficiency.

The invention belongs to the technical field of xylose production, and discloses a sensible heat recycling method in a xylose production process; pretreated wash water, hydrolyzate and hydrolysis residue sugar wash water are respectively flashed; the temperature of the hydrolyzate is reduced to 65 to 75DEG C after flashing, and a decoloring procedure is directly carried out; the decolored hydrolyzate enters an evaporator to be concentrated after ion exchange; and steam produced in the flashing of the pre-treated wash water, the hydrolyzate and the hydrolysis residue sugar wash water enters the evaporator as a heat source for evaporating and concentrating the hydrolyzate. The invention recycles the sensible heat carried by the pre-treated wash water, the hydrolyzate and the hydrolysis residue sugar wash water with higher temperature in the xylose production process, is mainly used for the evaporation and the concentration of the hydrolyzate, thereby greatly reducing the steam used in the concentration of the hydrolyzate and the underground water used before decoloring, reducing the emission of waste liquid, meeting the national policies of energy saving and emission reduction, and having wide application value.

The invention relates to a wet ammonia desulfurization concentration process of cold and hot discharge. A desulfurization tower is partitioned into a concentration section and an absorption section through a gas-liquid separation partition plate; oxidized saturated ammonium sulfate solution is concentrated, and original flue gas is washed, wetted and cooled at the concentration section; the saturated ammonium sulfate solution is continuously concentrated, and partial crystal is generated; the slurry of the concentration section is controlled in certain pH value and density range; when the solid content is high, cold state discharge is adopted; when the solid content is low, hot state discharge is adopted; and when the solid content is in a proper range, the slurry is discharged out of thedesulfurization tower in two discharge modes of cold and hot states and enters subsequent devices for processing, and high-quality ammonium sulfate byproducts are produced. By the process, synchronous implementation of crystallization in the tower and crystallization out of the tower can be realized, the recovery rate of ammonia is maximized and the purposes of achieving high desulfurization efficiency, saving energy, reducing consumption and producing the high-quality ammonium sulfate byproducts are fulfilled.

The invention provides an electronic device and a fingerprint living body starting method. The electronic device comprises a processor, a fingerprint identification module and a living body detecting module, wherein the processor detects whether a fingerprint safety identification request exists or not, analyzes the safety level of the fingerprint safety identification request, outputs a living body detection starting signal to the fingerprint identification module when the safety level of the fingerprint safety identification request is lower than the predetermined level and living body detection is needed and outputs a fingerprint detection starting signal to the fingerprint identification module and living body detection is not needed, and the living body detecting module detects the attribute of a touch body according to the living body detection starting signal and outputs a control signal to the fingerprint identification module when the attribute is a living body. The fingerprint identification module detects or obtains fingerprint information of the touch body according to the fingerprint detection starting signal or the control signal. The electronic device is mainly used for setting starting conditions for living body detection, starting is enabled when being needed, and the purposes of saving electricity and reducing energy consumption are achieved.

The invention discloses an expandable type building fireproof coating and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: weighting unsaturated polyester resin andthen adding into a stirring reaction kettle; adding styrene, methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, cobalt naphthenate and liquid paraffin into the reaction kettle in turn while stirring, and then reacting while stirring for 20-40min; weighting expandable graphite, ammonium polyphosphate, pentaerythritol and melamine and then adding into a grinding mill for grinding; weighting filler and then adding into the grinding mill for grinding; pouring the filler and the mixture of ammonium polyphosphate, pentaerythritol and melamine into the stirring reaction kettle, and quickly stirring and mixing for 30-60min; adding auxiliaries and solvent, and then stirring and mixing again. According to the invention, different modified resins are stirred and mixed at different ratios, so that the fireproof time of the coating is prolonged, and meanwhile, the fireproof coating has anti-ultraviolet, antibacterial, sterilizing and anticorrosion effects, and the service life of the coating is prolonged.

The invention discloses a control method of a variable-frequency air conditioner. The control method comprises the following steps that the air conditioner is started to run a refrigeration mode, and when the air conditioner enters indoor temperature PID control, the current indoor temperature detected by an indoor temperature sensor is obtained and serves as a first indoor temperature; the difference value between the first indoor temperature and a set compensation temperature serves as a second indoor temperature, the temperature difference between the second indoor temperature and the current indoor target temperature is calculated, and the indoor temperature difference is obtained; indoor temperature PID operation is conducted according to the indoor temperature difference, so that a first target frequency is obtained; the second indoor temperature is compared with a set comfortable temperature, whether indoor temperature PID control or double PID control including coil pipe temperature PID control needs to be conducted is determined according to the comparing result; and the target coil pipe temperature adopted for coil pipe temperature PID control is determined according to the current indoor target temperature. By adopting the control method, the comfort of indoor temperature adjustment of the air conditioner and the low power consumption and energy conservation of the air conditioner are achieved simultaneously, and more reasonable control is achieved.

The invention relates to a device for facilitating energy-saving operation of a paperboard production line and a control method of the device. The device comprises a lifting paperboard piling mechanism, the lifting paperboard piling mechanism is provided with a paperboard piling conveying table which conducts lifting movement, and the paperboard piling conveying table is provided with an outlet end and an inlet end connected with the paperboard production line. The device further comprises an auxiliary lifting paperboard conveying mechanism which is arranged beside the outlet end of the lifting paperboard piling mechanism. When the paperboard piling height is changed, the auxiliary lifting paperboard conveying mechanism ascends to a proper height and receives paperboard piles discharged by the lifting paperboard piling mechanism in time so that the lifting paperboard piling mechanism can rise to the initial paperboard receiving height again in time, and constant-speed operation of the paperboard production line is guaranteed. The device is simple and reasonable in structure, convenient, safe and reliable to operate, and beneficial for prolonging the service life of the paperboard production line and reducing energy consumption.

The invention relates to an energy-saving and efficient solid catalyst atomizing and drying system. The energy-saving and efficient solid catalyst atomizing and drying system comprises a drying tower of a vertical cylindrical structure, an electric high-speed centrifugal atomizer, a feeding device, a heating device, an air wet cooling device, a discharging device, a waste gas recycling and utilizing device, a cleaning device, and an intelligent control cabinet, wherein the electric high-speed centrifugal atomizer is mounted on a central axis in the top end of the drying tower; the feeding device is connected to a material inlet of the drying tower; an air filter is arranged at the front end of the heating device; the discharging device is arranged at the bottom of the drying tower; a refrigeration dehumidifier is arranged at the front end of the air wet cooling device; the waste gas recycling and utilizing device delivers waste gas to the periphery outside the tower body of the drying tower through a waste gas recycling tower; the intelligent control cabinet can centrally automatically control the overall working process of the system. The overall system is convenient to control and manage and high in drying efficiency, has a good energy saving effect, and prevents the waste gas from polluting atmospheric environment.

The invention providing a tobacco stem expanding method and equipment which can realize tobacco stem expansion by utilizing conventional-pressure steam in a tobacco factory and basically reach the expansion ratio of tobacco stem expansion implemented through high-pressure steam. The tobacco stem expanding method comprises the following steps: by using steam as a medium, carrying out temperature-rise treatment for a tobacco stem, and expanding, wherein the steam medium is conventional-pressure saturated steam or superheated steam; firstly heating the tobacco stem through the steam medium and realizing primary expansion through a first expanding device; and realizing secondary expansion of the tobacco stem after the primary expansion through a second expanding device. The tobacco stem expanding equipment comprises a charging steam lock and a tobacco stem heating device which are sequentially communicated, and the tobacco stem heating device is communicated with a steam medium passage; the discharge end of the tobacco stem heating device is sequentially connected in series with the first expanding device and the second expanding device; and the second expanding device is provided with a steam supplementing opening introduced into the steam medium. The invention ensures that an ideal tobacco stem expanding effect is obtained under the action of the conventional-pressure steam medium through implementing multistage expansion for the tobacco stem.

The invention discloses a variable frequency air conditioner control method. The variable frequency air conditioner control method comprises the following steps: when an air conditioner enters room-temperature PID control, a present indoor temperature is obtained as a first indoor temperature; a difference value between the first indoor temperature and a set compensation temperature serves as a second indoor temperature; a temperature difference between the second indoor temperature and a present indoor target temperature is calculated; the room-temperature PID operation is performed according to the temperature difference to obtain a first target frequency; the second indoor temperature is compared with a set comfortable temperature; the room-temperature PID control or the dual PID control including the disc temperature PID control is performed according to the compared result; a coil target temperature adopted in the disc temperature PID control is determined according to a real-time indoor humidity; in the room-temperature PID control or dual PID control process, a human body temperature is detected; when the human body temperature is abnormal, the present indoor target temperature is increased. The variable frequency air conditioner control method can give consideration to indoor temperature adjusting comfort of an air conditioner and low-power consumption energy conservation of the air conditioner.

The invention discloses a self-heat recuperation wood drying system and method and belongs to the field of energy sources and power. The wood drying system comprises a drying tank (1), a compressor (2), a heating coil (3), a heat exchanger (4), a first gas-liquid separator (5), an expander (6), a condenser (7), a second gas-liquid separator (8) and a draught fan (9). According to the self-heat recuperation wood drying system, the dew point temperature of humid air at a drying outlet (11) is increased through compressing of the compressor (2), and latent heat of water vapor in dried air is recycled in an indirect heat exchange mode; evaporation of moisture in wood is accelerated in a wood-air direct heat exchange mode, and then consumed energy of the compressor compressing dry air in the humid air is recycled through acting of the expander; through the process, the heat absorbed in the drying process is transferred back to air in the drying tank so that self-heat recuperation at a high level can be formed, the wood drying system only needs to supplement a part of compression work and wasted work of the draught fan, and then operation can be achieved; and energy consumption is low, pollution is avoided, and the drying speed is high.

The invention discloses a technology for producing polymeric material polyvinyl chloride from crude vinyl chloride. The technology comprises a crude product preparation process, a purifying process and a polymerization process, and hot water discharged from the shell of a converter in the crude product preparation process undergoes heat exchange through a heat exchanger, then enters the upper portion of a steam absorption tower, absorbs heat evaporated by a hot water tank in the converter, and automatically flows into the hot water tank of the converter as a heat source for assisting a reaction in the converter; a compression device of crude vinyl chloride gas in the purifying process selects a screw compressor; and cold desalinized water in the polymerization process undergoes heat exchange in the heat exchanger in the crude product preparation process to prepare hot desalinized water used for polymerization, and a cooling medium of a polymerization kettle comprises circulating water and 7 DEG C refrigerated water. The technology has the advantages of simple and reasonable design, effective utilization of the vinyl chloride conversion heat, energy saving and consumption reduction, realization of high automation degree and low energy consumption due to the compression device selecting the screw compressor, and realization of the shortening of the polymerization reaction time of the polymerization kettle, output improvement and benefit increase due to the reasonable selection of the cooling medium of the polymerization kettle at different temperatures.

The invention discloses a flow guide wall device, a water quality purification treatment system and a method thereof. The flow guide wall device comprises a framework assembly and a filling assembly.A gap is formed in the side wall of the framework assembly, the framework assembly is further provided with an accommodating groove communicated with the gap, and the filling assembly comprises a filter layer and a phosphorus removal filter material layer. The filter layer and the phosphorus removal filter material layer are both arranged in the accommodating groove, and the phosphorus removal filter material layer is positioned on the upper part. The water quality purification treatment system comprises a plurality of flow guide wall devices, and the flow guide wall devices are arranged on revetments on the two sides in the water flow direction of a to-be-treated water area at intervals so that water flows circuitously. According to the flow guide wall device, the water quality environment state does not need to be changed manually, the purification efficiency is high, and when sewage in a to-be-treated water area flows through the framework structure, the purpose of nitrogen and phosphorus removal is achieved in a biophysical combination mode. The flow guide wall device can achieve the purposes of no energy consumption, high purification rate, wide application range and multifunctional phosphorus element reduction measures.

The invention relates to a dissolving heat absorption type chemical heat pump which comprises an evaporator, a condenser, a reactor, an air compressor as well as a solid-liquid separator and a circulating heat exchanger, wherein the cold-end heat exchange pipe of the evaporator is communicated with cold-end user media by virtue of a pipeline; a conveying pipe connected with the evaporator is communicated with more than two liquid distribution pipes arranged on the upper part of the reactor by virtue of a warming pipe of the circulating heat exchanger and a conveying coupling pipe, and a plurality of liquid outlets are arranged on each liquid distribution pipe; a vapor pipe arranged on the top of the reactor and a cooling pipe of the circulating heat exchanger are communicated by virtue ofthe air compressor, the heat exchange pipe arranged in the reactor and a backflow coupling pipe; a hot-end heat exchange pipe arranged in the condenser is communicated with hot-end user media, and the lower part of the reactor is communicated with the condenser; and the solid-liquid separator is arranged between the condenser and the evaporator, and a return liquid port of the solid-liquid separator is communicated with the reactor by virtue of a return liquid pipe. The chemical heat pump provided by the invention has the advantages of simple structure, stable heat exchange efficiency, and low use-cost.

The invention provides a low-energy-consumption catalytic combustion device. By means of combination of a high-temperature combustion furnace and a low-temperature combustion furnace, as the temperature of the high-temperature combustion furnace needs to be controlled at about 800 DEG C for work and heating is performed through a heating combustion chamber, when the temperature is too low to workin the high-temperature combustion furnace, heat is stored through a shared heat storage pool and is conducted into the low-temperature combustion furnace, secondary heating is not needed, machining can be performed in the low-temperature combustion furnace with only about 400 DEG C, and the purposes of temperature cycling and energy consumption reduction are achieved; furthermore on the premise of no consideration of energy consumption, a VOC inductive probe can detect the VOC concentration of the outside, and when the probe detects out the high concentration, VOC is fed into the low-temperature combustion furnace for high-quality purification; and when the probe detects out the low concentration, VOC is fed into the high-temperature combustion furnace, the purposes of low energy consumption and high VOC purification efficiency are achieved, and the development prospects are good.

The invention relates to an electric heating device and provides an electric heating control method with continuously adjustable power. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, a system receives a target temperature input by a user and calculates target power according to the target temperature, and the target temperature is in direct proportion to the target power; then the system detects real-time input voltage value, calculates the real-time power difference according to the real-time input voltage value and the target power and calculates the real-time duty cycle according to the real-time power difference, and the real-time power difference is in direct proportion to the real-time duty cycle; finally, the system modulates the output power of a power module according to the real-time duty cycle. The power output of the heating device is adjusted in real time according to the difference change of the current temperature and the target temperature, so that the effects of improving the heating comfort, improving the energy efficiency of an air conditioner, prolonging the service life of the product and reducing the energy consumption are realized, and the method is applicable to air conditioners, electric heaters and electric blankets.

The invention provides an energy-storing geopolymer. The energy-storing geopolymer is prepared from the following raw materials: 20-100 parts by weight of coal ash, 10-20 parts by weight of slag, 20-50 parts by weight of natron and 5-30 parts by weight of sodium hydroxide. According to the energy-storing geopolymer, industrial waste residues are adopted as a raw material, the excitant type is changed to prepare the geopolymer with energy-storing performance, not only are the advantages of low heat conductivity coefficient, high curing speed, high production efficiency, low cost and wide raw material resources of existing base geopolymers maintained, but also energy can be absorbed and released, the effects of saving energy and protecting the environment are achieved truly, and the defectsof similar materials are overcome; according to the geopolymer, a heat conductivity coefficient is 0.05-0.12 W / (m*K), the compressive strength is 0.6-80 Mpa, and a potential heat value reaches 170-190KJ / m2. The invention further provides a preparation method of the energy-storing geopolymer.

The invention provides a bionic sub-soiling shovel with a drag-reduction bionic surface. The bionic sub-soiling shovel comprises blind holes, a cutting edge front outline line, an inner standard line,bionic convex edge strip structures, a first arc line, a second arc line, a cutting edge curved surface and a shovel body, wherein eight blind holes are distributed on the central line at the upper side of the shovel body; the blind holes are fixed on a rack through two bolts and are used for fixing the shovel body; the shovel body is provided with the cutting edge front outline line and the inner standard line; the cutting edge curved surface is formed by a curved surface between the cutting edge front outline line and the inner standard line; the cutting edge front outline line and the inner standard line are front cutting edge curves; the front cutting edge curves are bionic curves; the bionic convex edge strip structures with different heights are distributed on the surface of the shovel body; one side, close to the inner standard line, of each bionic convex edge strip structure is an inclined plane; the bionic convex edge strip structures are symmetrically distributed at two sides of the shovel body; a rear outline line is formed by the first arc line and the second arc line; the two arc lines are tangent. Compared with an international circular-arc-shaped sub-soiling shovel,the bionic sub-soiling shovel provided by the invention has the advantages that the working resistance can be reduced by about 17 percent, the disturbance quantity of soil is reduced, the energy consumption is reduced and the whole quality of the soil is improved.

The invention discloses a waste heat utilization type two-unit combined multifunctional air-conditioning unit. An air-cooling outdoor unit comprises an outdoor unit A and an outdoor unit B; the air-conditioning unit comprises a K-A unit and a K-B unit; an air hose header comprises an air hose header A and an air hose header B; connecting air flues comprises a connecting air flue A and a connectingair flue B; the K-A unit and the K-B unit are symmetrically arranged from left to right; the outdoor unit A and the outdoor unit B are separately connected to the K-A unit and the K-B unit; the air hose header A and the air hose header B are separately arranged behind the K-A unit and the K-B unit; the air hose connector A is connected to the K-B unit through the connecting air flue A; the air hose connector B is connected to the K-A unit through the connecting air flue; and air return air flues and air feeding air flues are arranged on the air hose header A and the air hose header B. The waste heat utilization type two-unit combined multifunctional air-conditioning unit has a ventilating mode, a refrigerating mode and a waste heat utilization function, greatly reduces energy consumption,and improves refrigerating efficiency.