A method for preparing an n-type
lead telluride-based thermoelectric material with synergistically improved high-temperature stability and thermoelectric performance, using the
chemical formula PbTe. 1‑x I x A
composite material was prepared by introducing 0.25–0.75 wt.% micron-sized metallic Mo
powder into an n-type
iodine-doped PbTe matrix, followed by ball milling and
spark plasma sintering (SPS). Utilizing the high
melting point of Mo
powder and its
chemical affinity for Te, a
physical barrier was constructed at the grain boundaries, forming Mo-Te bonds that effectively suppressed Te volatilization at high temperatures. Simultaneously, the matching
thermal expansion coefficients of Mo and PbTe prevented the formation of microcracks during thermal
cycling. Experiments showed that the sample with 0.5 wt.% Mo exhibited significantly improved thermoelectric performance retention after long-term aging at 750 K without sacrificing the room-temperature
thermoelectric figure of merit. This invention features a simple and low-cost process, significantly improving the high-temperature service stability of n-type PbTe materials, and is suitable for the field of thermoelectric power generation.