The invention relates to the technical field of
biology, in particular to a method for preparing
extracellular vesicles based on a bionic microenvironment, the
extracellular vesicles and application. The method provided by the invention can be adapted to a
bioreactor to realize large-scale culture of
umbilical cord mesenchymal cells and large-scale production of
extracellular vesicles; meanwhile, the in-vivo low-
oxygen physiological state and the 3D microenvironment are simulated by adding a bionic microenvironment in which the
salidroside and the
cell-ECM interact, and the repairing and anti-inflammatory effects of the
extracellular vesicles are effectively improved. In a bionic microenvironment constructed by adopting the method provided by the invention, cells are colonized in a
microcarrier and secrete ECM to form a'
cell-ECM '
composite structure, and in combination with
simulation of a hypoxia physiological state, HIF-1
alpha gene expression is effectively up-regulated, directional
metabolism of the cells is promoted,
extracellular vesicles are rich in repair and anti-inflammatory related active ingredients IL-10, the repair and anti-inflammatory effects are outstanding, and the repair and anti-inflammatory effects are remarkable. The method is suitable for wide popularization and application.