The invention discloses an intelligent 
coal caving mechanism of full-mechanized caving mining, and belongs to the technical field of full-mechanized top 
coal caving mining equipment. The intelligent 
coal caving mechanism of full-mechanized caving mining comprises a 
tail beam outer box, 
tail beam baffle, a 
monitoring system and a controller, wherein the 
monitoring system comprises a coal and ganguerecognizing instrument, a 
gas monitoring instrument and an ultrasonic crushing instrument; the upper and lower faces of the 
tail beam outer box are provided with coal caving ports respectively, a tail beam 
insertion plate can be telescopically inserted into the tail beam outer box through driving of a driving mechanism and used for opening or closing the coal caving ports; the lower surface of the tail beam outer box is provided with the coal and 
gangue recognizing instrument and the ultrasonic crushing instrument, and the 
gas monitoring instrument is arranged on the lower surface of the front end of the tail beam 
insertion plate. The intelligent coal caving mechanism of full-mechanized caving mining has the advantages that effective discharging of top coals can be achieved under the situation that a hydraulic support tail beam does not rotates, visible gangues are automatically closed, coal briquettes with larger blockness and not passing through a coal caving window is broken safelyby adopting an ultrasonic disruption technology to ensure smooth discharging of the top coals, the 
gas monitoring instrument monitors the 
gas concentration in a gob in real time, equipment can be controlled to be turned off when gas is excessive, thereby achieving safe, efficient and intelligent production.