66results about How to "Improve C/N ratio" patented technology

The invention discloses a mixed plant culture medium and a preparation method thereof. The culture medium comprises peat and an agricultural and forest residue compositing fermentation medium, wherein the volume proportion of peat to agricultural and forest residue compositing fermentation medium is (30-50):(50-70). The mixed culture medium prepared by the method in the invention has the advantages of balanced nutrition, high nutrition component contents and stable physical property. The mixed culture medium prepared by the method in the invention is reasonable in nutrition structure and convenient for absorption of foliage plants and meets the growth requirement of the foliage plants, thereby improving the culture survival rate and viewing effect of the foliage plants.

The invention discloses a production process of an organic and inorganic compound fertilizer; the organic and inorganic compound fertilizer is prepared by mixing straw with a phosphatic fertilizer, a nitrogenous fertilizer, livestock manure, an inorganic salt, an efficient rotten bacterium agent and a conditioner for fermentation reaction to obtain organic matter, mixing the organic matter with an inorganic fertilizer produced by mixing urea, monoammonium phosphate and potassium chloride; the produced inorganic organic compound fertilizer is simple in production process, easy to operate, suitable for all kinds of vegetables, fruit trees, flowers, and the like, and quick in effect, can enable products to come into the market earlier, is better in quality, and is a pure natural green fertilizer with high quality, high content and high utilization rate.

The invention provides a method for producing a compound organic fertilizer by using municipal sludge. The method is characterized in that a natural dehydrating agent is used for realizing half-flocculation in stead of the traditionally used polyacrylamide, so that the defect of the formation of insoluble substances in the flocculation process of the municipal sludge can be relieved and toxic and side effects caused by the traditional dehydrating agent can be reduced, a phosphoric acid soluble material and a metal passivated material are added and compound bacteria including photosynthetic bacteria, actinomycetes, lactic acid bacteria, saccharomycetes and bacillus are inoculated as a priming to further soften the sludge and release available nutrients, and finally, the sludge is formed into the finished product of the organic fertilizer in such a manner of drying by turning and spreading or drying in an oven; the manner of forming the finished product is capable of reducing the loss of beneficial bacteria and guaranteeing the quality of the finished product.

The invention provides soilless culture matrix for a castanopsis fissa container seedling, and a preparation method for the soilless culture matrix. The soilless culture matrix is characterized by comprising the following components in part by weight: 10 to 15 parts of stacked sawdust of which water content is 40 percent, 0.5 to 1 part of stacked tung bran, 2 to 6 parts of carbonized sawdust, 2 to 4 parts of tanning extract residue, or / and 2 to 4 parts of inorganic matrix, namely one or more of pearlite, vermiculite, and rock wool powder. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: adding the stacked sawdust, the stacked tung bran, the carbonized sawdust, the tanning extract residues or / and the inorganic matrix into a mixing machine respectively, and stirring or manually mixing uniformly to obtain the soilless culture matrix. In the soilless culture matrix, sawdust and tanning extract resources are fully utilized, and the matrix has better physical behavior, is more suitable for growth and development of plant root systems, and has the effects of controlling insects and diseases; the weight of the matrix is half all mud matrix; and transportation cost and forest planting cost are reduced, and the soilless culture matrix has good market application prospect.

The invention discloses a device for carrying out ecological treatment on sewage with a low carbon nitrogen ratio. The device which comprises a reactor, a peristaltic pump, a sewage sedimentation tank, a rotameter, an aeration pump, two time controllers, a sludge collection box, a sewage regulating box and an overflown wastewater collection box, wherein the reactor is divided into five chambers including a first anaerobic chamber, a first aerobic chamber, a second anaerobic chamber, a second aerobic chamber and a third anaerobic chamber by using baffles, and the five chambers are all internally provided with artificial waterweed eco-bases, and perennial ryegrasses are planted at the upper parts of the five chambers. By using the device disclosed by the invention, the synchronous removal of nitrogen and phosphorus in sewage with a low carbon nitrogen ratio can be realized in the way of continuous water feeding and intermittent aeration; meanwhile, the device disclosed by the invention has the advantages of simple equipment, ecologization, short process, low energy consumption, and less investment.

The invention provides a machining wastewater treatment technology. The machining wastewater treatment technology comprises steps as follows: after wastewater passes through a grid pool and large-particle substances are intercepted, the wastewater enters a demulsification pool and is subjected to demulsification for phosphorous removal, then enters an air floatation machine for air floatation separation, enters an anaerobic pool, an anoxic pool and an aerobic pool sequentially for biochemical treatment, enters a sedimentation pool for solid-liquid separation and is finally filtered, sterilized and discharged when up to the standard. The machining wastewater treatment technology adopts a simple procedure and is low in operating cost, the operation is safe and reliable, and the water quality is stable and reaches the standard.

The invention discloses an innocent static aerobic composting treatment method for silkworm excrement. The method comprises the following steps of: 1) putting up an open floor on the bottom of a treatment tank; 2) spreading a layer of conditioner on the open floor; 3) pouring mixture of the silkworm excrement and the conditioner on the layer of the conditioner and spreading, or alternately poring the silkworm excrement and the conditioner to obtain a plurality of composite layer piles and then spreading; and 4) finally covering a layer of conditioner on the surfaces of the piles in the treatment tank. A layer of mushroom residues is coated on the bottom of a silkworm excrement tank and the surface of the silkworm excrement respectively, so that the direct contact between the silkworm excrement and natural environment can be avoided, the function of heat preservation can be exerted, and different parts of silkworm excrement have the high enough temperature; and therefore, the whole high-temperature aerobic fermentation effect of the silkworm excrement tank can be guaranteed, the fermentation and composting speed of the silkworm excrement is accelerated, and the effect of killing pathogens in the silkworm excrement can be improved.

The invention relates to a sowing technique, in particular to a stub no-tillage mechanical sowing cultivation method. The wheat stub no-tillage rape cultivation method comprises the steps of mechanically harvesting wheat, mixing selected rape seeds, chemical fertilizers and sheep dung, sowing rape seeds, performing rape field management, harvesting and the like. The method has the advantages of increasing soil moisture, reducing wind erosion and water and soil loss, regulating ground temperature, increasing nutrients in soil, improving activity of soil enzymes, preventing lodging, increasing forage grass and the like.

A method for intercepting soil nutrients by constructing composite grass strips in a red soil slope field comprises the following steps: (1), grass variety constitution and selection: seeds of at least two grass varieties having different functions and being capable of remaining rapidly available nitrogen, rapidly available phosphorus and rapidly available potassium nutrients in soil simultaneously and respectively are selected; (2), land preparation and fertilization: drilling strips are formed, and fertilization is performed in the strips; (3), presowing treatment of the seeds: the grass seeds are dressed before sowing; (4), sowing: the grass seeds after dressing are spread in the strips and covered with a fine soil layer or a fine sand layer; (5), field management: watering is performed before and after seedling emergence, seedling checking and reseeding are performed, weeds are removed, dressing of a hole applied fertilizer is performed, and cutting is performed. When the method is used, the nutrients of the red soil slope field can be retained substantially, nutrient loss is reduced, the soil fertility is improved, a water eutrophication process is slowed down, and environmental protection is facilitated.

The invention is suitable for the field of biomass energy, and provides a method for producing biodiesel by means of a lignocellulose material. The method comprises the steps that pretreatment is conducted on the lignocellulose material through an alkali-glycerin-methanol mixed solution produced in the process that the biodiesel is prepared by conducting single-step base catalysis transesterification on microbial lipid; after in-situ evaporation is conducted on the raw material, and methanol is subjected to condensation recovery, water is added to reach the proper solid-to-liquid ratio, after acid neutralization is conducted, an appropriate number of enzymes are added for hydrolysis, solid-liquid separation is conducted, and hydrolysate is obtained; oleaginous yeast is introduced and synthesizes lipid by means of carbohydrates and glycerin in the hydrolysate; microbial thalli containing oil are collected, intracellular lipid is extracted, the biodiesel is prepared through single-step base catalysis transesterification, n-hexane is added for extraction, the biodiesel is obtained on the upper layer, the alkali-glycerin-methanol solution is obtained on the lower layer, and the alkali-glycerin-methanol solution is recycled for pretreating lignocellulose. According to the method for producing the biodiesel by means of the lignocellulose material, strong alkali, by-product glycerin and methanol are used for pretreating the lignocellulose; meanwhile, the glycerin further serves as a carbon source of oleaginous microorganisms to be subjected to in-situ integration recycling, the cost is greatly reduced, and the significant economic benefit is achieved.

The invention discloses a soil improvement method for improving cultivation survival rate of blueberry in north. The soil improvement method comprises the following steps: in the spring one year before blueberry seedling cultivation and planting, testing the soil pH value; when the soil pH value is bigger than 5.5, spreading a compound fertilizer containing sulphur powder into soil, so as to decrease the pH value, and when the soil pH value is lower than 4.0, spreading a compound fertilizer containing lime powder into soil, so as to increase the pH value; after each time of fertilizer spreading, shallowly ploughing soil at the depth of 15-35 cm, so as to uniformly mix the fertilizer with soil and finally enable the soil pH value to reach 4.0-5.5. According to the soil improvement method, as the blueberry root system is shallow, the compound fertilizers containing organic substances are spread into the shallow soil layer at the depth of 0-35 cm, so that the soil aeration, water permeability and drainage property are improved; improved soil is suitable for blueberry to survive and grow.

A sputtering target contains a target material including as constituent elements Ag, In, Te and Sb with the respective atomic percents (atom. %) of α, β, γ and δ thereof being in the relationship of 0.5≦α<8, 5≦γ≦23, 17≦γ≦38, 32≦δ≦73, α≦γ, and α+β+γ+δ=100, and a method of producing the above sputtering target is provided.

An OFDM receiver apparatus for performing a diversity reception, wherein the power consumption and the cost can be reduced. An OFDM signal transmitted from a transmitter apparatus is received by two antennas (11A,11B). An antenna switching part (12) selectively outputs the signal, which was received by one of the two antennas, to a tuner (13). A signal outputted from the tuner (13) is supplied through an A / D converter (14), a quadrature detecting circuit (15) and through an FFT calculating circuit (16) to an equalizing circuit (17). A deviation determining circuit (21) calculates the positional deviations, on the constellation, of I and Q component signals outputted from the equalizing circuit (17). When the positional deviations exceed a predetermined threshold value (when the positional deviations of the signals are large), a deciding circuit (22) sends, to the antenna switching part (12), a control signal that instructs it to switch to the other antenna.

The invention discloses a method for producing seedling and cultivation media from waste agaric sticks. The method includes stripping off outer plastic packing bags of the collected waste agaric sticks prior to pulverizing; adding peat and chicken manure into the pulverized waste agaric sticks according to a specific ratio with mixing evenly; adding a specific ratio of zymophyte for stacking fermentation, covering a stack with a plastic film to enable the temperature in the stack to increase, keeping the temperature between 45 DEG C and 65 DEG C, keeping 60% of moisture during fermentation, fermenting for 20-25 days, and turning once every five days so as to obtain the primary media; adding a surfactant and vermiculite into the fermented primary media with mixing evenly so as to obtain the seedling and cultivation media. The method for producing the seedling and cultivation media from the waste agaric sticks in a recycling manner has the advantages of wide technological raw material sources, low cost, capability of improving nutrition substances and water-holding capacity in the media, energy conservation and environmental protection.

A process for preparing plant fertilizer through mariculture comprises the steps of, air-drying mariculture sludge and the pond sludge in cane sugar factories, subjecting the cultivation sludge to eluting desalinization, mixing the eluted sludge with the air-dried pond sludge by the mass ratio of 2:5, controlling humidity between 50%-60% (mass ratio), agitating and ventilating 5-15 minutes each day, fermenting 20 days at 35 deg. C-45 deg. C, air-drying to obtain the halophytic vegetation fertilizer.

A process for producing a magnetic recording medium having at least one magnetic layer formed above a support is provided. The process includes a step of providing, on at least one side of the support, a smoothing coating layer having a thickness of 0.10 to 1 μm, a surface roughness of at most 5 nm, a number of projections having a height of 20 nm or higher measured by atomic force microscopy (AFM) of at most 20 projections / 900 μm2, and an amount of residual solvent of less than 10 mg / m2, and a step of forming at least one magnetic layer on or above the smoothing coating layer without winding up.

The invention discloses a device and a method for efficiently treating wastewater, and belongs to the field of technologies for treating water. The device sequentially comprises an MBBR (moving bed bio-membrane reactor) reaction zone, a solid-phase carbon source zone, a denitrification filter zone and a buffer zone which are integrally constructed to form the device. Various reaction zones are of multilevel plug-flow type structures, so that the impact load resistance of systems can be enhanced. A water inlet and a water outlet are formed in the device, an exhaust port is arranged on the device, and the water inlet is connected with the MBBR reaction zone; the water outlet and the exhaust port are communicated with the buffer zone; the solid-phase carbon source zone is sequentially filled with biomass distiller's grain layers and a retinervus luffae fructus layer; the wastewater can be efficiently deeply treated by the denitrification filter zone. MBBR technologies and denitrification filter technologies are simultaneously combined in the reaction device, running conditions are controlled, and accordingly the wastewater can be efficiently treated by the aid of natural biomass solid-phase carbon sources. Compared with the traditional processes for treating wastewater, the device and the method have the advantages of high nitrogen and carbon removal efficiency, convenience in maintenance and management and low energy consumption.

By providing a magnetic powder composed of particles having a balanced shape and distribution, the particles having a small uniform volume, increased density and reliability of a coating type magnetic recording medium can be obtained. Magnetic powder having Fe as the main component, consisting of particles having a substantially circular or elliptical cross-section perpendicular to the major axis of the particle, wherein the geometric standard deviation indicating the variation of its cross-sectional area is in the range of 1.01 to 3.0 Within, the present invention also relates to magnetic powders, wherein the geometric standard deviation indicating the change in particle volume is in the range of 1.01-4.0, and the geometric standard deviation indicating the change in flatness is in the range of 1.01-2.0.

The invention discloses a refuse landfill leachate treatment method. The refuse landfill leachate treatment method comprises the following steps that: landfill leachate directly enters a biological treatment stage through adjusting tanks which sequentially comprise a denitrification tank, a micro-aerobic aeration tank and a sedimentation tank, and in the micro-aerobic aeration tank, efficient low-consumption denitrogenation and easily degradable organic material removal are realized through muddy water backflow and micro dissolved oxygen control; and then the processed landfill leachate enters an advanced treatment stage, ammonia nitrogen and organic materials in biochemical tail water are removed through a sulfate radical anion based advanced oxidative coupling coagulation method, the biodegradability is greatly improved, and tail water subjected to oxidation treatment can be discharged through biological degradation. After treatment through the method, all indexes of the effluent meet the standards of Chart 2 in Standard for Pollution Control on the Landfill Site of Municipal Solid Waste (GB 16889-2008). According to the invention, the micro-aerobic denitrogenation and sulfate radical anion advanced treatment methods are comprehensively utilized, so that the advantages of high economical efficiency, good adaptability to relatively large water quality fluctuation and stable and reliable treatment effects are achieved, and the refuse landfill leachate treatment method is suitable for low-consumption treatment of leachate, particularly leachate with a low C / N ratio.

The invention discloses a method for utilizing a biofloc technology to optimize breeding of juvenile litopenaeus vannamei, and relates to juvenile shrimp breeding. The method comprises the first step of putting incubated litopenaeus vannamei nauplius to a breeding unit containing breeding water to be subjected to breeding; the second step of adding a carbon source and probiotics into a body of water when the nauplius is developed to a Z2-M1 period, so that the biofloc is formed; the third step of reducing feeding amount and water exchanging amount after the biofloc is formed. The biofloc technology and an existing breeding technology are combined to be used for scale production of the juvenile litopenaeus vannamei, by using the biofloc to purify water quality and using the biofloc as a high protein fish bait for the juvenile litopenaeus vannamei, the effects of lowering water quality indexes like ammonia nitrogen, reducing the water exchanging amount and the feeding amount, and increasing the survival rate of the bred juvenile litopenaeus vannamei are reached, an ecological technical craft of breeding the juvenile litopenaeus vannamei is formed, and thus the method for utilizing the biofloc technology to optimize breeding of the juvenile litopenaeus vannamei has good ecological benefit and social benefit.

A solid-state imaging device according to an embodiment includes photoelectric conversion devices, a dopant layer, a low concentration region, and a transistor. The photoelectric conversion devices are disposed on a semiconductor layer. The dopant layer is disposed on a layer same as the semiconductor layer where photoelectric conversion devices are arrayed, and includes dopant having a conductivity type reverse to a charge accumulating region of the photoelectric conversion device. The low concentration region is disposed inside the dopant layer and has dopant concentration lower than the dopant layer. A transistor includes an active region disposed on the dopant layer.

The invention relates to a denitrification pretreatment system and method for high-nitrate industrial wastewater and an application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment. Anautotrophic denitrification filter tank is used as a pretreatment system of the wastewater. A high-activity biological filter material prepared from sulfur-containing tailings is utilized, an organiccarbon source is not required to be added, sulfide is used as an electron donor, and thiobacillus denitrificans is used for autotrophic denitrification. A biological filter is selected as a pretreatment system in sewage pretreatment, which is not reported at present. The concentration of nitrate nitrogen in the high-nitrate industrial wastewater can be greatly reduced through autotrophic denitrification of thiobacillus denitrificans in the biological filter, the concentration of total nitrogen (TN) is reduced to below 45mg / L to meet the water quality standard requirement of sewage discharged into urban sewers, and the treated wastewater is treated by a subsequent sewage treatment plant to realize up-to-standard discharge of effluent total nitrogen.

The invention discloses a production process of an organic and inorganic compound fertilizer; the organic and inorganic compound fertilizer is prepared by mixing straw with a phosphatic fertilizer, a nitrogenous fertilizer, livestock manure, an inorganic salt, an efficient rotten bacterium agent and a conditioner for fermentation reaction to obtain organic matter, mixing the organic matter with an inorganic fertilizer produced by mixing urea, monoammonium phosphate and potassium chloride; the produced inorganic organic compound fertilizer is simple in production process, easy to operate, suitable for all kinds of vegetables, fruit trees, flowers, and the like, and quick in effect, can enable products to come into the market earlier, is better in quality, and is a pure natural green fertilizer with high quality, high content and high utilization rate.

The invention discloses a nitrogen-preserving deodorant applied to composting treatment of livestock manure and application thereof. The nitrogen-preserving deodorant is prepared by mixing activated biomass supercritical liquefaction residue with carboxymethylcellulose-coated nanosilver suspension. When the nitrogen-preserving deodorant is added into the livestock manure, is uniformly stirred and is subjected to high-temperature composting treatment, the volatilization of ammonia gas and the loss of nitrogen in the composting treatment process of the livestock manure can be obviously reduced; the generation of the repugnant substance in the composting process can be reduced; the nitrogen-preserving deodorant is suitably popularized and used in organic fertilizer factories and various farms.

The invention relates to a biological nitrogen removal technology implemented under the low temperature and low carbon source conditions. An up-flow anoxic / anaerobic reactor (UAAR), a nitration tank and a sedimentation tank are involved in the technology. The UAAR integrates the functions of primary sedimentation, anaerobic treatment, anoxic treatment and sludge thickening. A bottom sludge hopper, with a better water flow state and a larger effective depth, in the reactor provides conditions for sludge to be subjected to anaerobic acidification and generate VFAs in the sludge hopper, a carbon source easy to use biologically is supplemented to the system, and therefore the system can achieve nitrogen removal under the low temperature and low carbon source conditions. Compared with the prior art, only three structures are involved in the technology, the technology is simple, the tedious arrangement of multiple tanks is omitted, the occupied area is reduced, and the construction cost is lowered; an up-flow push mode is adopted for the main structure, namely the novel UAAR, high sludge concentration can be kept, high impact loads can be borne, and through up-flow mixing, stirring energy needed by a traditional technology is greatly lowered; a good nitrogen removal effect can be achieved without adding carbon sources, and the COD of effluent at low temperature, the ammonia nitrogen concentration and the total nitrogen concentration can reach the level A standard; the sludge concentration is high, the SRT is long, and the amount of excess sludge is greatly reduced.

The invention discloses a fermentation method of welan gum. The method comprises the following steps of: subjecting starch or cellulose type raw materials to pretreatment and enzyme hydrolysis to obtain a hydrolysed sugar solution; preparing a fermentation culture medium by using the hydrolysed sugar solution as a carbon source and by adding nitrogen sources, inorganic salts and surfactants; inoculating a preserved strain used for producing the welan gum into a seed culture medium and culturing to obtain a seed solution; inoculating the seed solution to the fermentation culture medium and fermenting to obtain a fermentation liquid; and subjecting the fermentation liquid to extraction, drying, smashing and sieving processes to obtain the welan gum. Certain amounts of the surfactants are added into the fermentation culture medium. By a manner of supplementing materials and adopting different stirring speeds in different stages in the fermentation process, dissolved oxygen in the fermentation culture medium and the conversion rate of glucose by the strain are increased, an objective of energy conservation and consumption reduction is achieved, and the comprehensive utilization rate of the starch and the cellulose type raw materials are effectively increased.

The invention relates to a sulfur autotrophic denitrification biofilter, a sewage treatment system and a treatment method thereof. The sulfur autotrophic denitrification biofilter comprises a tank body and a filter filler arranged in the tank body; the filter filler comprises volcanic rock particles arranged on the bottom particles, limestone particles arranged on the volcanic rock particles, sulfur ore particles arranged on the limestone particles and zeolite particles with the particle size in the specification arranged on the sulfur ore particles; and the volume ratio of the four material particles is 1: 1: 3: 3. On the basis of the process flow of a traditional municipal sewage treatment plant, through process improvement, a sulfur autotrophic denitrification biological filter is added in the sludge treatment stage, and treated sludge digestion liquid flows back to a water inlet. the invention develops a new process for reducing the nitrogen load of the sewage treatment plant while ensuring the inlet water carbon source supply of the sewage treatment plant, and has important environmental and ecological significance for the treatment of domestic sewage in China.

Provided is a low-cost information recording medium, by which excellent signal qualities can be obtained even when high density recording is performed by using a blue laser. The information recordingmedium records and reproduces information by irradiating a laser beam on a recording layer. When the total number of Sb atoms, O atoms and M atoms contained in the recording layer is 100 atm%, the content rate of the O atoms is 20 atm% or more but not more than 70 atm%, the content rate of the M atoms is 1 atm% or more but not more than 50 atm%, and the content rate of the Sb atoms is 10 atm% or more but not more than 70 atm%, and the recording layer is configured not to contain Au, Pt and Pd.

The invention relates to a compound fertilizer special for commercial forest, in particular to a compound fertilizer special for commercial forest of Toona sinensis. The compound fertilizer is prepared from, by weight, 20-50 parts of humus soil, 5-30 parts of bio-organic fertilizer, 1-5 parts of microelement fertilizer, and 30-70 parts of macroelement fertilizer. The macroelement fertilizer comprises nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphatic fertilizer and potassic fertilizer by the weight ratio of (15-30): (16-20): (11-13), and further, the weight ratio of the effective constituents N, P2O5 and K is equal to (11-14): (4-5): (6-8). The microbial active flora of the bio-organic fertilizer is greater than two hundred millions, and each gram of the bio-organic fertilizer contains 20-40 billions of organic active bacteria. The compound fertilizer meets nutrient requirements of commercial forest of Toona sinensis, and further, by application of the bio-organic fertilizer, the C and N ratio of soil is optimized, beneficial microbial flora is increased, and utilization of the fertilizer and yield of the commercial forest of Toona sinensis are both increased.

The invention provides a recording layer for optical information recording medium with excellent recording characteristics and an optical information recording medium with the recording layer. The recording layer for recording by laser irradiation comprises: oxide containing Mn. The atomic ratio of the Mn to all the metal elements of the oxide in the recording layer is below 80 atom% and the recording layer does not contain metal Mn.