The invention relates to an efficient, energy-saving and level-A1 fireproof composite thermal insulation material. The thermal insulation material is formed by mixing and stirring sepiolite, fibrous brucite, cement 425, an adhesive, a foaming agent, hydrophobic expanded perlite and polystyrene granules in different weights. The appearance of the thermal insulation material is of dry powder fibers in bulk. After the thermal insulation material is mixed and stirred with water, the thermal insulation material can be directly sprayed on the outer wall, inner wall and roof of a building or between stairs according to certain thickness. The thermal insulation material has the characteristics of thermal insulation, energy conservation, flame resistance, environmental friendliness and water prevention, and is simple and rapid to construct. Thus, the thermal insulation material provided by the invention is suitable for the thermal insulation of various house buildings, so as to achieve the efficient and energy-saving effect.