The invention relates to a matched structure of a cooling device of an intermediate frequency furnace for heating a steel bar and a steel ball quenching device and belongs to the technical field of quenching facilities of metal pieces. The cooling device of the intermediate frequency furnace for heating the steel bar comprises a liquid quenching medium conveying pipe, wherein a blowdown connector is matched and connected on the lower part at the left end of the liquid quenching medium conveying pipe, a liquid quenching medium introducing connector is matched and connected to the upper part at the right end of the liquid quenching medium conveying pipe, and a liquid quenching medium output pipe connector is arranged on the middle part; the liquid quenching medium output pipe connector is provided with a control valve, a left seal cover is arranged at the left end, a right seal cover is arranged at the right end, a cavity of the liquid quenching medium conveying pipe is provided with a heat exchange pipe, a left seal cover connector is arranged on one side, back on to the left seal cover cavity, of the left seal cover and a right cover connector is arranged on one side, back on to the right seal cover cavity, of the right seal cover; a cooling liquid circulating mechanism is connected between the left and right seal cover connectors, and the control valve is connected with one end of the liquid quenching medium output pipeline; and the steel ball quenching device comprises a quenching tank. The intermediate frequency furnace does not need to be cooled by using a cooling tower, so that the intermediate frequency furnace is durably clean, the cost is lowered, the electric consumption and liquid are saved, and the work stability is ensured.