The invention discloses a production process of a PVA (polyvinyl alcohol)-based composite packaging material, relating to the field of film packaging materials. The production process comprises the following three technical processes: preparation of dialdehyde starch, preparation of jute fibers and preparation of a PVA-based composite film. According to the process method, in the preparation process of the dialdehyde starch, corn starch is used as a raw material, no pollution is caused, the cost is low, the raw material is sufficient, a far-infrared quick constant-temperature drying box is used as drying equipment, the dialdehyde starch is dried sufficiently, and no impurity is doped; in the preparation process of the jute fibers, the temperature control is reasonable, a right amount of reagent is added, the jute fibers are pulverized through a YSC-701 type ultrafine pulverizer, and the pulverized fibers are small in particle size and favorable in pulverization effect; and in the preparation process of the PVA-based composite film, parameters such as addition of each component, temperature, time and the like are strictly controlled, thereby ensuring that the prepared PVA-based composite film has favorable mechanical property and water resistance and can meet the requirements for practical production. By using the biological material as the raw material for production, the PVA-based composite film produced by the process is low in cost and degradable, thus greatly reducing environmental pollution.