The invention discloses an aeration biological activated carbon filter. The aeration biological activated carbon filter consists of a filter body, steady water layers, activated carbon filter layers, supporting layers, perforated filter plates, water distribution layers, backwashing gas and water main pipes, backwashing holes I, backwashing gas and water branch pipes, backwashing holes II, aeration main pipes in a filter, aeration branch pipes in the filter, long handle filter nobs, inspection manholes, water rectifier grilles, backwashing drainage channels, water channels of the filter, exhaust pipes, aeration main pipes outside the filter, backwashing soil stacks, backwashing horizontal drainage pipes, backwashing drainage main pipes, primary filter drain pipes, backwashing water supply pipes, water inlet pipes of the filter, self-control valves, backwashing intake pipes, an aeration draught fan, a backwashing waste water collecting tank, a backwashing water supply pump, a backwashing supplying fan, a connected platform, a communicating pipe of the filter water channels, a filter cap, a perforated sleeve, a filter rod, an air intake, and an air intake seam. The aeration biological activated carbon filter provided by the invention adopts coal columnar activated carbon as a filter material, and lower volume load is selected for operation, a small-resistance water distribution system is adopted for backwashing, and the aeration biological activated carbon filter is suitable for preprocessing the tail water of pulping and papermaking, and the effect is good.