77results about How to "Reduce the electrolysis voltage" patented technology

The invention relates to an electrochemical reduction CO2 electrolytic tank using a bipolar membrane as a diaphragm and an application of the electrochemical reduction CO2 electrolytic tank. The electrolytic tank comprises a cathode electrolysis compartment, cathode liquor, an anode electrolysis compartment, anolyte and the bipolar membrane for dividing the cathode electrolysis compartment and the anode electrolysis compartment. The electrode materials of the cathode electrolysis compartment include Pb (Plumbum), In (Indium) and Cu (Copper) etc, and the cathode liquor is an alkaline aqueous solution; and the electrode materials of the anode electrolysis compartment include Pt (Platioum) and Pd (Palladium) etc, and the anolyte is an acidic aqueous solution containing iodate. The hydroxy radicals in the cathode electrolysis compartment and the protons in the anodic electrolysis compartment are diffused to the bipolar membrane to generate water so as to form a voltage drop, so that the working voltage in the electrolytic tank is reduced. Compared with an anodic reaction that water and the electricity are oxidized to generate oxygen, the iodide ions are oxidized to generate an iodine elementary substance with low potential, small overpotential and quick dynamic process, so that the working voltage in the electrolytic tank is further reduced. CO2 is electrically reduced in a cathode compartment so as to generate small molecular fuels, such as formate, methanel, and methane; and the iodide ions are electrically oxidized to generate the elementary substance iodine in an anode compartment.

The invention relates to an anode catalyst used for a water electrolysis device of solid polymer electrolyte. The molecular formula of the catalyst is IrxRu1-xMyOz, wherein x is more than 0 and not more than 1, y is more than 0 and not more than 0.3, z is more than 1.5 and not more than 2.9, and M is one or more of such transition metals as Mo, W and Cr. In terms of the gross weight of the catalyst, the weight ratio of M in the catalyst is less than 10wt%. The required catalyst is characterized in that addition of the third component (or the fourth component) reduces the microcrystal grains of the catalyst, enlarges the specific surface area of the catalyst and improves the catalytic activity of the catalyst. The catalyst has lower overpotential and long life when serving as the anode catalyst in an SPE water electrolysis cell. The catalyst is used for the electrodes for oxygen evolution of the SPE water electrolysis cell, catalyst-membrane assemblies (CCM), membrane-electrode assemblies (MEA), regenerative fuel cells (RFC) and sensors.

The present invention relates to a method for recovering lead from waste lead acid batteries. The electrolytic device adopted comprises an electrolytic bath, dilute alkali electrolyte, an anode, a baffle and a pasted cathode. The anode, the baffle and the pasted cathode are arranged in a tight assembly structure. The pasted cathode is prepared from waste lead powder processed by reduction, water and paste. Lead is reduced from the pasted cathode with a solid phase reduction electrolytic method. Besides the advantage of no pollution, the present invention also has the advantages of short electrolysis time, low energy consumption and low production cost due to the characteristics of low electrolysis voltage, large current density and high current efficiency.

The invention relates to a water electrolysis cup, and belongs to the technical field of electrolysis equipment. The water electrolysis cup comprises an electrolysis power supply, and an inner tank provided with a negative electrode and a positive electrode; the positive electrode and the negative electrode are connected with the cathode and the anode of the electrolysis power supply respectively; an pervious diaphragm is arranged between the negative electrode and the positive electrode; the positive electrode is coated with the pervious diaphragm; and the distance (delta) between the pervious diaphragm and the negative electrode is equal to or larger than 0 and is equal to or less than 10mm. The water electrolysis cup can be used for preparing water which is rich in active hydrogen, is low in oxidation reduction potential, and is suitable for drinking.

The invention relates to a chlorine dioxide generator adopting a high-efficiency electrolytic method. The chlorine dioxide generator mainly comprises a chlorine dioxide electrolytic module, a soluble salt system, an electrolytic salt quantitative adding system, an alkaline liquid circulating discharge system and a programmable logic controller (PLC) control system. The chlorine dioxide generator has the characteristics of compact and reasonable structure, high electrolytic efficiency, simple production, mounting and maintenance of equipment, intelligent control, flexibility, convenience, high safety performance and the like.

A process for wet-chemical production of a catalyst coating on an electrically conductive support for electrodes for chloralkali or hydrochloric acid electrolysis with electrocatalytically active components based on noble metal oxides, in which the catalyst coating is produced by; producing a coating solution or dispersion comprising a precursor compound of a noble metal and/or a metal oxide of a noble metal, and a solvent or dispersant, with addition of one or more acids to the coating solution or dispersion, where the molar ratio of the total of the amounts of acid (in mol) present in the coating solution or dispersion to the sum of the amounts of the metals from the metal-containing components present in the coating solution or dispersion is at least 2:1; applying the coating solution or dispersion to the support; substantially freeing the layer applied of solvent or dispersant by drying; and subjecting the dried layer obtained to a thermal treatment to form the catalyst coating.

Provided is an anode for electrowinning in a sulfuric acid based electrolytic solution. The anode produces oxygen at a lower potential than a lead electrode, lead alloy electrode, and coated titanium electrode, thereby enabling electrowinning to be performed at a reduced electrolytic voltage and the electric power consumption rate of a desired metal to be reduced. The anode is also available as an anode for electrowinning various types of metals in volume with efficiency. The anode is employed for electrowinning in a sulfuric acid based electrolytic solution and adopted such that a catalyst layer containing amorphous ruthenium oxide and amorphous tantalum oxide is formed on a conductive substrate.

The invention discloses preparation and application of a molybdenum-doped cobalt selenide foamed nickel composite electrode for electrolyzing water. The composite electrode is formed by depositing a molybdenum-doped cobalt selenide compound on a foamed nickel electrode, and the composite electrode is marked as Mo-CoSe2NS-NF. The electrode is applied to water electrolysis and has good electro-catalytic performance and stability on hydrogen evolution and oxygen evolution at the same time, the catalytic hydrogen evolution [eta]10 is 89mV, and the Tafel slope is 69mV dec-1; the catalytic oxygen evolution [eta]10 is 234 mV, the Tafel slope is 58 mV dec-1, the Tafel serves as a cathode and an anode to form an electrolytic cell, and the electrolytic voltage is only 1.56 V when the current densityin an alkaline medium reaches 10 mA cm <-2>. The catalytic active substance of the composite electrode is directly deposited on the foamed nickel electrode, the synthesis method is simple, green andenvironment-friendly, and the composite electrode has an efficient bifunctional catalytic effect, so that the designed water electrolysis tank is simple in structure and suitable for industrial large-scale application of water electrolysis.

The invention belongs to the technical field of ion exchange membranes, and relates to a fluorine-containing ion exchange membrane for alkali chloride electrolysis. The fluorine-containing ion exchange membrane comprises a fluorine-containing polymer layer with carboxylic acid type functional groups, a fluorine-containing polymer layer with sulfonic acid type and carboxylic acid type functional groups, and a fluorine-containing polymer layer with sulfonic acid type functional groups; wherein a reinforcing material is embedded in the fluorine-containing polymer layer with the sulfonic acid typefunctional group, and the reinforcing material is parallel to the fluorine-containing polymer layer with the carboxylic acid type functional group and the fluorine-containing polymer layer with the sulfonic acid type functional group and the carboxylic acid type functional group; the surface of the fluorine-containing ion exchange membrane is provided with a surface modification coating formed byion exchange resin and inorganic ions. According to the invention, the electrolytic voltage during alkali chloride electrolysis can be reduced, the defect of interlayer stripping of the multi-layer composite membrane in the application process is inhibited, and the product is suitable for running in a zero-polar-distance electrolytic cell under novel high-current density conditions.

The invention belongs to the technical field of solid oxide electrolytic cells, and particularly relates to oxygen electrode slurry of a solid oxide electrolytic cell, a preparation method of the oxygen electrode slurry and the solid oxide electrolytic cell. The invention provides a preparation method of oxygen electrode slurry of the solid oxide electrolytic cell, which comprises the following steps: step 1, loading metal oxide nanoparticles in an oxygen electrode powder material to prepare oxygen electrode powder; and 2, mixing the oxygen electrode powder, a second pore-forming agent and a binder to prepare the oxygen electrode slurry of the solid oxide electrolytic cell. The invention provides oxygen electrode slurry of the solid oxide electrolytic cell, a preparation method of the oxygen electrode slurry and the solid oxide electrolytic cell, and can effectively overcome the technical defects that the initial internal resistance of the existing SOEC is large and the impedance of anoxygen electrode is increased quickly.

The invention discloses a preparation method for a fluorinated carbon material, relates to an electrochemical preparation method for the fluorinated carbon material, and aims to solve the problems that the conventional preparation method for the fluorinated carbon material is severe in reaction condition as well as difficult and very dangerous in fluorine gas storage and conveying. The preparation method provided by the invention comprises the following steps: (1) in a single-chamber electrolytic cell, carrying out electrolysis for a certain period till the reaction is finished, wherein Ni, Fe, or a Ni-Ti alloy is adopted as a cathode, Ni or a Ni alloy is adopted as an anode, a metal fluoride is adopted as a supporting electrolyte, a carbon material is adopted as a raw material, and hydrogen fluoride is adopted as an electrolyte solution; (2) after the electrofluorination reaction is finished, cooling the electrolytic cell, leading the electrolyte solution, the metal fluoride and the carbon material subjected to the electrofluorination reaction into a plastic bottle, heating, cooling to recover hydrogen fluoride, carrying out washing to remove residual HF and metal fluoride, and carrying out vacuum drying to obtain the fluorinated carbon material. The preparation method has the advantage that fluorine gas is indirectly utilized, so that the extremely severe reaction conditions required by the utilization of fluorine gas are not needed, and the potential safety hazards during fluorine gas storage and conveying can be avoided.

Provided is a chlorine evolution anode in which a main reaction of the anode is chlorine evolution, and the chlorine evolution anode which is low in potential of the anode for chlorine evolution, thereby being able to decrease an electrolytic voltage and lower an electric energy consumption rate. The chlorine evolution anode of the present invention is a chlorine evolution anode in which chlorine evolution from an aqueous solution is a main reaction of the anode and also in which a catalytic layer containing amorphous ruthenium oxide and amorphous tantalum oxide is formed on a conductive substrate.

The invention relates to a sintering flue gas synchronous desulfurization and denitration process based on optical-electric type fenton coupling regeneration. The sintering flue gas synchronous desulfurization and denitration process comprises the following steps: flue gas is fed into an absorption tower to have a reverse contact reaction with a circulating absorption solution sprayed out by a spraying layer, and then is discharged out from the top of the absorption tower, specifically, the flue gas enters the absorption tower from a flue gas inlet in the middle of the absorption tower, sequentially passes through at least one photochemical reaction layer, a packing layer and the spraying layer, which are arranged at the upper part of the tower, to have the reverse contact reaction with the circulating absorption solution, and then is discharged out from a flue gas outlet at the top of the absorption tower; after the circulating absorption solution sprayed out by the spraying layer at the upper part of the absorption tower sequentially passes through the packing layer and the at least one photochemical reaction layer to have the reverse contact reaction with the flue gas, the circulating absorption solution is electrolyzed to be regenerated through an electrolysis regeneration layer at the lower part of the absorption tower, and then is conveyed to a photocatalysis regeneration reaction system from the bottom of the absorption tower to be regenerated; and ammonia water and oxalic acid are supplemented into a regenerated slurry groove and then are conveyed back into the spraying layer at the upper part of the absorption tower to be sprayed into the tower. The sintering flue gas synchronous desulfurization and denitration process is simple, and is low in operation cost, good in denitration effect and good in byproduct quality.

The invention discloses a device and a method for purifying rare earth halide. The device comprises a crucible used for electrolytic purification, a positive pole, a negative pole and a ventilation pipeline system used for supplying shielded gas into an electrolytic system, wherein the positive pole and the negative pole are arranged in the crucible; a solid oxygen permeation membrane is arranged on the surface of the positive pole; the melting point of the solid oxygen permeation membrane is larger than that of to-be-purified rare earth halide. The method comprises the step of electrolytically purifying rare earth halide by adopting the device provided by the application. The electrolytic device is simple, purification technology is simple, the stability is high, the electrolysis voltage is low, the electrolysis time is short, and energy conservation, environmental protection and large scale industrial production are facilitated. Rare earth halide obtained by using the device and the purifying method provided by the invention is high in purity, and the oxygen content is less than 50 ppm.

Provided is an ion-exchange membrane for alkali chloride electrolysis which has increased membrane strength and reduced membrane resistance, thereby reducing the electrolysis voltage for alkali chloride electrolysis. In this ion-exchange membrane (1) for alkali chloride electrolysis, a reinforcing material (20) formed by weaving reinforcing threads (22) and sacrificial threads (24) is disposed in a layer (S) (14), and layer (S) (14) comprises elution parts (28) which are formed by elution of at least portions of the sacrificial threads (24). In a cross section perpendicular to the warp threads of the reinforcing threads, the average distance (d1) from the center of a reinforcing thread (22) to the center of an adjacent reinforcing thread (22), the total area (P) obtained by adding the cross-sectional areas of the elution parts (28) and the cross-sectional areas of the remaining sacrificial threads (24) in the elution parts (28), the number (n) of elution parts between adjacent reinforcing threads (22), and the ion exchange capacity of a layer (Sa) in layer (S) (14) closest to the positive electrode side upon alkali chloride electrolysis are controlled within specific ranges.

The invention relates to a method for united circulation of biomass hydrothermal carbonization and electrolytic hydrogen production, and particularly relates to the method for simultaneously obtaininghydrogen and a biomass fuel rod by using a biomass raw material. The method comprises the following steps: (1) mixing the biomass raw material, an oxidant and water, heating at a constant speed, andperforming hydrothermal reaction; (2) performing solid and liquid separation on products generated after the hydrothermal reaction; (3) performing electrochemical reaction by taking the liquid obtained after the hydrothermal reaction in the step (2) as an anode, collecting hydrogen and obtaining anode electrolyte after electrolysis is completed; (4) mixing the anode electrolyte obtained after electrolysis in the step (3) with a solid substance obtained after the hydrothermal reaction in the step (2), and performing hydrothermal reaction again; (5) repeating the steps (2) to (4) until no hydrogen is collected in the step (3); and (6) washing and drying the solid products generated in the hydrothermal reaction in the step (4) and pressing to form the fuel rod. By directly utilizing the biomass raw material, the method disclosed by the invention creatively opens up a way and a method for clean utilization of biomass energy.

The invention belongs to the technical field of alloy material detection and analysis, and particularly relates to a method for preparing a GH4169 high-temperature alloy TEM (transmission electron microscopy) sample. The method aims at solving the technical problems that the existing method for preparing the GH4169 high-temperature alloy TEM sample is low in efficiency, and that the quality is poor. The method aims to provide the economical, efficient, convenient and fast method for preparing the GH4169 high-temperature alloy TEM sample. The method for preparing the GH4169 high-temperature alloy TEM sample is characterized by comprising the following steps that after the thickness of a GH4169 high-temperature alloy sample is reduced to 70 to 80 mu m, an electrolysis double-spray method isused for thinning; used electrolyte is a mixed solution of 10-percent perchloric acid and 90-percent absolute ethyl alcohol. The TEM sample prepared by the method has high surface quality and large thin regions; the method is very applicable to the large-batch preparation of high-quality GH4169 high-temperature alloy TEM samples.

The invention belongs to the technical field of water electrolysis, and relates to a device and method for producing hydrogen through step-by-step water electrolysis based on an all-vanadium liquid flow redox medium The device comprises two diaphragm electrolytic cells (a cell 1 and a cell 2), a hydrogen evolution unit and an acidic all-vanadium electrolyte. According to the method, the water electrolysis is divided into two steps, charging an all-vanadium redox flow battery and producing hydrogen and oxygen. According to the first step, VO < 2 + > in an anode chamber in a tank 1 is oxidized into VO < 2 + >, and the VO 2 <+> is introduced into a tank 2; and V < 3 + > in a cathode chamber in the tank 1 is reduced into V < 2 + >, and meanwhile, the V < 2 + > is introduced into the hydrogen evolution unit. According to the second 2, in a tank 2, VO 2 <+> in the cathode chamber is reduced into VO < 2 + > and the VO < 2 + > is circulated back to the tank 1, and meanwhile, the anode generates oxygen; and V < 2 + > is oxidized into V < 3 + > in the hydrogen evolution unit and the V < 3 + > is circulated back to the tank 1, and hydrogen is generated at the same time. According to the method of the invention, hydrogen and oxygen can be separated out in different spaces and time, so that high-purity hydrogen is prepared; meanwhile, the electrolysis voltage is reduced, and the hydrogen production volume can be adjusted by controlling the amount of the electrolyte.

The invention relates to a chlor-alkail photoelectrolytic cell which is cheap and can effectively reduce electrolytic voltage. The invention further provides a method for producing Cl2 and NaOH by using the chlor-alkail photoelectrolytic cell. The chlor-alkail photoelectrolytic cell comprises an electrolytic bath formed by an anodic pool and a cathodic pool, wherein the anode in the anodic pool is made from a photoanode material WO3, the anodic pool is provided with a light-transparent window in order to let sunlight irradiate on the anode, and the anode electrolyte is an acidic saturated saline solution. The chlor-alkail photoelectrolytic cell can be used in chlor-alkali industry for producing Cl2 and NaOH by electrolysis. WO3 is used in the invention as the photoanode material. The anode material is a film with the optimal thickness of 1000-5000 nm. The optimal anode material is a porous structure with the pore structure size of 50-200 nm. The chlor-alkail photoelectrolytic cell has low cost, and can effectively reduce the electrolytic voltage when being used in chlor-alkali industry for producing Cl2 and NaOH by electrolysis.

The invention discloses a water electrolysis catalyst. The catalyst is characterized by being represented by a molecule NixMy, wherein x is more than 0 and less than or equal to 1, y is more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.4, and M is one or more than one of Mo, Cr and Co. The invention further discloses a preparation method and application of the water electrolysis catalyst. The catalyst disclosed by the invention is a compound (a homogeneous phase), and the content of doping components is low; and a lot of catalysts in other related inventions are mixtures, and the doping components independently form phases so that the catalytic activity is influenced. When the catalyst disclosed by the invention is used for a cathode of an alkaline water electrolysis device under the same current density, the utilization effect is better than that of the catalyst which is not doped with the element.