255 results about "Carbonate Ion" patented technology

The invention relates to the technical field of mine water treatment, and discloses a treatment method of high-calcium-hardness mine water. The method comprises the following steps: (1) adjusting water chemical components of the mine water, so that the pH value of the mine water is 8-10, the mass ratio of sodium ions to calcium ions is 1: (4-8), the TDS is 7500-8000 mg / L, and the concentration of bicarbonate ions meets the following conditions: the required concentration of the carbonate ions is calculated according to the solubility product of calcium carbonate; the concentration of the bicarbonate ions is 90% twice the calculated concentration of the bicarbonate ions; and (2) adding gypsum into the mine water obtained in the step (1) to carry out first induced crystallization so as to remove calcium ions in the mine water. The method provided by the invention is used for treating the high-calcium-hardness mine water, can adapt to different inflow water qualities, and further improves the removal rate of calcium ions. The method provided by the invention can effectively ensure that the Ca < 2 + > content of the effluent quality of the mine water reaches the standard, can also reduce the secondary environmental pollution problem, and is low in energy consumption.

The invention belongs to the technical field of environmental engineering, and particularly relates to a method for enhancing the reaction efficiency of a Fenton-like fluidized bed through intelligent magnetic control. Specifically, customized composite magnetic particles are placed in a columnar Fenton-like fluidized bed reactor with an electromagnetic coil array distributed on the periphery, percarbonate activated by iron and aluminum phosphate is used as an oxidizing agent, and magnetic fields with different directions and intensities are applied to the magnetic particles by utilizing the electromagnetic coil array; the magnetic particles guide the fluid to form a required flowing form, and the fluid flowing path and the mixing process are highly accurately controlled, so that the aims of fully mixing the composite magnetic particles with the percarbonate ions, efficiently generating secondary oxidants such as hydroxyl free radicals, carbonate free radicals and superoxide anion free radicals and efficiently degrading pollutants are fulfilled.

The invention relates to the technical field of electrochemical machining, in particular to an electroplate liquid additive automatic supply control method based on conductivity monitoring data. The method comprises the steps that the temperature, the original conductivity and the carbonate concentration of electroplating liquid are obtained, an activation energy coefficient is determined based on the change trend of the original conductivity and the temperature, dynamic thermodynamic decoupling treatment is conducted on the original conductivity, and the net conductivity of the electroplating liquid is generated; according to the cumulative variation of the net conductivity in the historical time period and the total amount of the additive in the historical time period, the transmission inertia factor of the electroplating liquid is calculated in combination with the carbonate concentration, and the retardation risk index is determined based on the evolution trend of the transmission inertia factor, so that a PID control algorithm is reconstructed, and the supply amount of the additive is obtained; and performing automatic replenishment control based on the replenishment amount. According to the method, the accuracy of automatic supply control is improved by evaluating the degradation state of the bath solution components and self-adaptive integral saturation suppression.

The invention relates to a spherical hydrotalcite phase desulfurization adsorbent as well as a preparation method and application thereof, the preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing an iron source, a nickel source and organic carboxylate, and then carrying out hydrothermal carbonization reaction to obtain the spherical hydrotalcite phase desulfurization adsorbent. The nickel source and the iron source are selected as the raw materials, hydroxide radicals of laminates and carbonate ions between the laminates of the prepared hydrotalcite phase desulfurization adsorbent can increase the alkalinity of the surface of the desulfurization adsorbent and improve the adsorption capacity to hydrogen sulfide, and meanwhile, the hydrotalcite phase desulfurization adsorbent can react with hydrogen sulfide in a catalytic oxidation manner, so that the removal efficiency is improved. Organic carboxylate is selected as a hydrothermal auxiliary agent, carboxylate radicals can chelate metal ions through multidentate coordination to form a stable complex, so that the nucleation rate of hydrotalcite is delayed, the particle size uniformity is improved, meanwhile, a carbon coating layer is generated through hydrothermal carbonization, and pores in the carbon coating layer and pores in hydrotalcite can form hierarchical pore channels, so that the composite material is prepared. The mass transfer efficiency is synergistically improved, so that the adsorption capacity of the adsorbent is improved.

The invention discloses a shellfish carbon sequestration speed quantitative estimation method based on a neural network model, and belongs to the technical field of environmental science and ecology, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining water quality parameter data, building a water quality monitoring data set based on the water quality parameter data, and carrying out the preprocessing; performing data alignment on the shellfish growth data and the preprocessed water quality monitoring data set to obtain a time sequence data set; training a long-short term memory neural network model based on the time sequence data set, obtaining a predicted value of the pH value of the water body in a preset time period through the trained model and monitoring data obtained in real time, and calculating the release rate of carbonate ions, a carbon sequestration speed estimated value is obtained by combining the net absorption amount of carbon dioxide in the shellfish growth process in unit time; and calculating the total carbon sequestration amount of the shellfish in the whole water body based on the carbon sequestration speed estimated value. According to the method, accurate estimation of the carbon sequestration amount of the shellfish culture water body is realized through a method of combining high-precision sensing monitoring and a deep learning model.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a green adhesive with a biomimetic mineralization structure, which comprises the following steps: dissolving polysaccharide in deionized water, adding calcium salt, stirring, adding carbonate into the mixture, and inducing crystal nucleation of CaCO3 biominerals by using the polysaccharide as an organic template and adsorbing calcium ions and carbonate ions layer by layer, thereby obtaining the green adhesive with the biomimetic mineralization structure. After the growth reaction is finished, products are collected through vacuum filtration, and CaCO3 biominerals are obtained; and finally, mixing the soybean protein with deionized water, then adding the CaCO3 biomineral for ultrasonic treatment, and then adding the plant polyphenol to establish a compatible interface between the CaCO3 biomineral and the soybean protein, thereby obtaining the green adhesive with the biomimetic mineralization structure. The green adhesive prepared by the preparation method disclosed by the invention has strong adhesive power and multifunctionality, and is green and environment-friendly.

The invention relates to the technical field of illicium verum wine production, in particular to fermented illicium verum wine and a preparation process thereof. Comprising the following components in parts by weight: 60-80 parts of water, 5-10 parts of acidified star anise, 0.5-2 parts of a balm extract, 0.1-0.5 part of sulfurous acid, 0.1-0.5 part of activated pectinase, 0.5-2 parts of active dry yeast, 1-3 parts of a thiamine nutritional agent, 10-20 parts of white granulated sugar, 0.5-2 parts of bentonite GB and 0.1-0.5 part of casein. In the design, after the star anise is acidified, the taste of the wine can be improved, the wine is mellower and softer, and the complexity and layering sense of aroma can be increased; carbonic anhydrase mainly acts on generation and decomposition of carbonate ions, so that the risk of acid residue can be reduced, and other beneficial components or flavor substances in illicium verum are not interfered; the melissa officinalis extract is rich in various volatile aromatic compounds, so that the wine body can be endowed with unique elegant fragrance and complex layering sense, and the overall flavor experience is enhanced.

The invention relates to the technical field of water treatment, and discloses a method for circularly inducing crystallization, hardness removal and desalination of calcium carbonate. Adding the seed crystal into high salt water; adding sodium hydroxide into the heavy salt water; adding sodium carbonate to generate a supersaturated solution; introducing the solution containing the calcium carbonate crystal nucleus into crystallization equipment; treating the reacted solution through solid-liquid separation equipment; further desalting the water body subjected to hardness removal by adopting a membrane separation mode; collecting and treating the formed calcium carbonate precipitate, and recovering the precipitate by adopting a separation technology; by adopting the synthesized vaterite type seed crystal, the hardness removal and desalination efficiency is remarkably improved in the cyclic induced crystallization process of calcium carbonate. Compared with the traditional non-synthetic seed crystal, the synthetic seed crystal has higher surface area and uniformity, so that the combination of calcium ions and carbonate ions can be more quickly induced to form a stable crystal nucleus, and the overall effect of the reaction is finally improved.

A system for producing gas streams for use in synthetic fuel production through CO2 capture and water splitting is disclosed. The system includes a CO2 capture device configured to receive a CO2-containing stream and including an aqueous alkaline solution. The alkaline solution includes hydroxide and / or carbonate ions. The CO2 capture device generates a carbon-rich solution when the alkaline solution absorbs CO2. The carbon-rich solution includes carbonate and / or bicarbonate ions. The system also includes an electrolyzer fluidically coupled to the CO2 capture device, and defining a volume including an anode region having an anode, and a cathode region having a cathode. The volume includes an electrolyte solution having a pH gradient generated by an electric current, causing the electrolyte solution to be acidic in the anode region and alkaline in the cathode region. The carbon-rich solution is received into the electrolyzer. The electrolyzer generates hydrogen, oxygen, and CO2 streams.

To provide a control method of gypsum conversion reaction and a manufacturing method of calcium carbonate having high versatility to be applicable to a variety of materials and capable of corresponding by minor and easy work.SOLUTION: In a gypsum conversion reaction to obtain calcium carbonate by allowing a solution A containing at least one kind of an alkali metal salt A selected from an alkali metal carbonate salt and an alkali metal hydrogen carbonate salt to be contact with a gypsum-containing material, the control method of gypsum conversion reaction and a manufacturing method of calcium carbonate are characterized by that one condition selected from a pH of a reaction liquid of the solution A and the gypsum containing material and at least one concentration selected from a carbonate ion concentration, a hydrogen carbonate ion concentration, and a calcium ion concentration of the reaction liquid are monitored to determine an end point of the reaction.SELECTED DRAWING: None

The invention provides a novel D-A-D type fluorescent probe material as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The fluorescent probe material has good stability, the preparation process is simple, and the synthesis condition is mild. Moreover, the D-A-D type fluorescent probe material has good solubility and stability, and a complex of the D-A-D type fluorescent probe material and zinc ions can identify pyrophosphate ions with high selectivity and high sensitivity. The interference of phosphate ions, hydrogen phosphate ions, dihydrogen phosphate ions, fluorine ions, chloride ions, nitrate ions, acetate ions, sulfate ions and carbonate ions is avoided; after the zinc ion complex of the D-A-D type fluorescent probe material is combined with PPi, the fluorescence intensity is remarkably enhanced, the D-A-D type fluorescent probe material has a higher signal-to-noise ratio, in-situ imaging detection of a target object in living cells or tissues is realized, the defects of a traditional molecule and ion detection method are overcome, and the D-A-D type fluorescent probe material is suitable for being widely applied to the field of biological imaging. # imgabs0 #

The invention relates to a method for recovering phosphorus and vanadium from a vanadium-containing salt-removed filter cake, and belongs to the technical field of aluminum oxide preparation. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, preparing vanadium-containing salt elimination filter cake slurry, then adding a dephosphorizing agent into the vanadium-containing salt elimination filter cake slurry, and promoting the dephosphorizing agent to generate precipitation reaction with phosphorus in the slurry to form a precipitate containing phosphorus element, so as to obtain a mixed solution containing the precipitate; next, solid-liquid separation is carried out on the mixed solution, precipitates containing phosphorus elements are filtered out, and the remaining vanadium-containing filtrate is further subjected to impurity removal treatment, so that residual carbonate radicals after the dephosphorization reaction and impurity elements such as arsenic and fluorine in the solution are removed, and adverse effects on the subsequent vanadium precipitation reaction are avoided. And after impurity removal is completed, vanadium precipitation reaction is carried out, and a pure vanadium-containing product is obtained. According to the method, by using the specific dephosphorizing agent, phosphorus in the vanadium-containing salt elimination filter cake is effectively recovered, and the tailing discharge amount is reduced. Meanwhile, the method also improves the concentration of vanadium, is beneficial to the recovery of vanadium, and realizes the simultaneous recovery of phosphorus and vanadium in the vanadium-containing salt elimination filter cake.

The invention provides a method for accelerating carbon dioxide mineralization and sequestration based on a calcium ion-containing aqueous solution, and relates to the technical field of carbon dioxide capture, utilization and sequestration. The method comprises the following steps: selecting a calcium-containing compound, dissolving the calcium-containing compound in water, and uniformly stirring and mixing to obtain an initial aqueous solution; the calcium ion concentration in the initial aqueous solution is within a preset calcium ion concentration range; an alkaline regulator is added into the initial aqueous solution, a target aqueous solution is obtained, and the pH value of the target aqueous solution is within a preset pH value range; injecting the target aqueous solution into formation water of a target formation through injection equipment; carbon dioxide to be sealed is injected into the formation water, and calcium ions in the target water solution and carbonate ions generated after the carbon dioxide is dissolved in the formation water are subjected to mineralization reaction to form calcium carbonate precipitates. According to the method, CO2 dissolution and carbonate conversion are effectively promoted, generation of calcium carbonate precipitates is greatly accelerated, and the key bottleneck of slow reaction kinetics of a traditional mineralization method is overcome.

The invention provides a process for recovering sodium sulfate, sodium carbonate and glaserite in alkali ash and removing chloride ions. The process specifically comprises the following steps: dissolving the alkali ash; sodium sulfate and sodium carbonate in the alkali ash solution are separated through hot crystallization; cooling, crystallizing and separating glaserite in the alkali ash solution; sulfate ions and carbonate ions in the alkali ash solution are separated from chloride ions; and further separating sodium sulfate, sodium carbonate, glauberite and the like in the alkali ash solution. Meanwhile, the invention provides a system for implementing the process. The system comprises an alkali ash dissolving unit, a main crystallization unit, a glaserite crystallization unit, a nanofiltration unit and other elements. According to the process and the system provided by the invention, on one hand, sodium sulfate and sodium carbonate in the alkali ash solution can be extracted, glaserite can be extracted at the same time, chloride ions in the solution are removed at the same time, and the discharge amount of mother liquor is reduced.

The invention discloses a method for preparing calcium carbonate by utilizing ardealite to seal carbon dioxide, which comprises the following steps: firstly, removing acidic impurities in ardealite through water leaching pretreatment, and reducing the adjusting difficulty of pH value in subsequent reaction; then carrying out secondary leaching by adopting an ammonium chloride solution with an ultralow solid-to-liquid ratio, efficiently extracting calcium ions and separating impurity elements to form high-grade silicon dioxide leaching residues; finally, leach liquor is subjected to carbon dioxide bubbling carbonation reaction, high-purity calcium carbonate is generated, and meanwhile fixation of carbon dioxide is achieved. In addition, secondary carbonization is promoted by heating and carbonizing filtrate, the conversion efficiency of calcium carbonate is further improved, carbonate ions in the solution are removed, and the cyclic leaching process is optimized. The whole process is carried out under the conditions of normal pressure and low temperature, under the optimized process condition, the conversion rate of calcium ions can reach 100%, the reaction filtrate can be recycled, stepped recycling of impurity elements is achieved, and remarkable economic benefits and environmental friendliness are achieved.

The invention discloses a method for preparing a biobrick by using engineering bacteria, and belongs to the technical field of biological building materials. Escherichia coli engineering bacteria capable of generating urease are obtained through engineering modification of escherichia coli, an escherichia coli engineering bacteria solution is mixed with a matching solution containing urea and mineral calcium salt, then sand grains and a hydrogel adhesive are added, and under the appropriate environmental condition, urease generated by the escherichia coli engineering bacteria can catalyze urea decomposition, so that the urea decomposition rate is increased, and the urea decomposition rate is increased. Ammonia and carbonate ions are generated and then react with calcium ions to generate calcium carbonate, so that sand grains are cemented together, and the biobrick with certain strength and biological characteristics is formed. The biobrick not only has good strength, but also has certain self-repairing capability and environmental adaptability, and can be applied to the field of civil engineering as a green and sustainable building material. The preparation method disclosed by the invention is simple, efficient and environment-friendly, has important significance on the national double-carbon strategy, and has a wide application prospect.

The invention discloses a method for converting CO2 into a nitrogen-doped composite carbon material in one step by using molten salt, and belongs to the technical field of carbon material preparation and carbon dioxide resource utilization. The method disclosed by the invention comprises the following steps: S1, mixing LiCl, KCl, KOH and a nitrogen source to form a LiCl-KCl-KOH-nitrogen source system; s2, carrying out first heating and heat preservation on the LiCl-KCl-KOH-nitrogen source system in an inert atmosphere to remove moisture, then carrying out second heating to form molten salt, then introducing CO2 gas to generate carbonate ions, and meanwhile, carrying out electrolysis to obtain a cathode product; and S3, after the molten salt is slowly cooled, taking out a cathode product, and sequentially carrying out washing, vacuum drying and annealing to obtain the gradient nitrogen-doped multilevel structure graphite composite carbon material. The prepared material has multiple nano structures, high specific surface area and high nitrogen content, shows excellent rate capability and long cycle stability in electrochemical energy storage application, and has a wide application prospect.

A carbon sequestration mineral admixture, and a preparation method and device therefor. The method for preparing the carbon sequestration mineral admixture comprises: providing crushed solid waste; providing an activating liquid and a catalytic liquid, one or both of which is optionally in the form of micro-droplets; and contacting and reacting the activating liquid, the catalytic liquid, flue gas containing carbon dioxide, and the crushed solid waste to obtain a carbon sequestration mineral admixture, the contacting optionally being carried out under the action of an external mechanical force, wherein the activating liquid comprises one or more of a magnesium salt, an ammonium salt, an organic amine and a lower alkanol serving as an activating agent, and the catalytic liquid comprises carbonate ions and / or bicarbonate ions serving as a catalyst. The accelerated carbonization method has the advantages of a high carbonization efficiency, simple operation, and also being capable of achieving a high degree of carbonization and significantly increasing the added value of a carbonization product.

Disclosed is a lithium recovery system for black mass, including: a heat treatment unit that performs heat treatment to convert the black mass into soluble substances and insoluble substances; a water leaching unit that leaches the heat-treated black mass with water to separate the heat-treated black mass into a water leaching solution, which contains lithium ions and carbonate ions, and insoluble substances; and an impurity removal unit that removes impurities contained in the water leaching solution by lowering pH of the water leaching solution through addition of carbon dioxide-containing gas to the water leaching solution.

The invention relates to the technical field of silver powder synthesis, in particular to a green synthesis process of high-purity silver powder. The silver powder synthesized by the process overcomes the problems of low purity and poor dispersity of the silver powder, and the synthesis process is green. By means of the characteristic that silver ions and carbonate ions generate low-solubility silver carbonate precipitates in the precipitation treatment stage in S1 and in combination with reduction treatment in S2, preliminary purification and further impurity removal are conducted under specific reaction conditions, interference of impurity metal ions is effectively inhibited, and the purity of the silver powder is improved; on the aspect of optimizing the comprehensive performance of the silver powder, a reverse micelle structure is constructed by utilizing various substances in the S2 reduction process, and the growth of silver nanoparticles is regulated and controlled; adjusting the dosage of related substances, illumination and reduction time; controlling synthesis parameters of the tea saponin fatty acid ester; and key parameters are adjusted in the S3 calcination stage, and finally the silver powder is good in specific surface area, average particle size and stability and has good dispersity and pore diameter structure.

The application relates to the technical field of saline-alkali soil improvement, and particularly discloses a preparation process of a multifunctional slow-release type saline-alkali soil improver and application thereof. The preparation process comprises the following steps: (1) uniformly mixing seaweed acid powder, phosphogypsum powder, carbon powder and water to form wet materials, then placing the wet materials in a sealed container for heating and heat preservation treatment, and obtaining a precursor after the treatment; and (2) placing the precursor at normal temperature for standing, crushing the precursor after the standing, and obtaining the soil improver. The soil improver prepared by the above process can not only more efficiently and quickly fix sodium ions, potassium ions, calcium ions and magnesium ions in the soil, but also can reduce the content of carbonate ions, so that the soil salt content and the soil alkalinity are reduced. In addition, the soil improver can help to relieve the phenomenon of soil alkali and salt return, and reduce the usage amount of the improver in the subsequent soil improvement process.

Provided is a fixation method for carbon dioxide, the method comprising: a first step (S1) for allowing seawater or brine to pass through a nano-filtration membrane, thereby generating a first concentrated solution that has been concentrated without permeating through the nano-filtration membrane; a second step (S2) for bringing carbon dioxide into contact with an alkaline solution, thereby generating a treated solution containing carbonate ions; and a third step (S3) for bringing the first concentrated solution and the treated solution into contact, thereby causing the precipitation of carbonated product crystals of an alkaline earth metal contained in the first concentrated solution.

A system and method for acid gas removal are provided. An exemplary system includes a contactor that includes an inlet for an aqueous carbonate stream proximate to a top of the contactor, wherein the aqueous carbonate stream includes a catalyst. The contactor also includes an inlet for a gas stream proximate to a bottom of the contactor, wherein the gas stream includes an acid gas. Further, the contactor includes an outlet for an aqueous bicarbonate-carbonate stream proximate to the bottom of the contactor, and an outlet for a sweetened gas stream proximate to the top of the contactor. The acid gas removal system also includes a nanofilter. The aqueous bicarbonate-carbonate stream is introduced at an inlet to the nanofilter, and a permeate stream from the nanofilter is fed to a flash column. The nanofilter also provides a retentate stream including carbonate ions, wherein the retentate stream is fed to the contactor.

The invention discloses a system and a method for accelerating carbonization or mineralization of a cement base material through energization, the system utilizes a carbon dioxide pressure detector to reflect a carbon dioxide pressure value in real time, and the carbon dioxide concentration is supplemented and adjusted in time by controlling the opening and closing states of a valve, so that the stability of the required carbonate ion concentration during the operation of the device and the system is maintained; therefore, the CO2 concentration and pressure in the whole device can be controlled; according to the system, carbonate ions are directionally migrated by utilizing an electromigration method, quickly enter a cement-based test piece and chemically react with alkaline components such as calcium hydroxide and hydrated calcium silicate in the test piece to generate a compact substance, so that carbonization is accelerated. According to the system, carbonate ions are migrated into a test piece with a certain water content and can directly react with alkaline components such as calcium hydroxide and hydrated calcium silicate, no special requirements on various test conditions exist, and the whole operation process is simpler and more convenient.

To provide a bath agent that quickly produces carbonate ions and / or bicarbonate ions in hot bath water, resulting in an increased concentration of carbonate ions and / or bicarbonate ions in the bath water relative to previous levels.SOLUTION: In order to increase the concentration of carbonate ions and the like in hot bath water, a polymer and a carbonate and / or bicarbonate are initially dissolved, followed by the gradual dissolution of an organic acid. This leads to a gradual shift in the bath water's pH from weakly alkaline to neutral or weakly acidic, ultimately maintaining high concentrations of carbonate ions and the like while minimizing carbon dioxide generation.SELECTED DRAWING: None

To provide: a production method for powder having reduced specific surface area which enables the powder having reduced specific surface area to be easily produced; and a powder production device.SOLUTION: A production method for powder having reduced specific surface area includes: a reaction step of supplying gas G containing carbon dioxide to a solution 3 containing a metal ion to react the metal ion and a carbonate ion to produce an intermediate 7; and a separation step of separating the intermediate 7 from the solution 3 to produce carbonate mineral powder 2 which is powdered. During the reaction step, a surfactant S for reducing specific surface area of the intermediate 7 is added to the solution 3.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

The invention discloses a preparation method of ferromanganese carbonate for a lithium battery, and relates to the technical field of battery materials. The method comprises the following steps: under the protection of an antioxidant and an inert atmosphere, preparing a mixed metal salt solution from manganese salt and ferrous salt, mixing the mixed metal salt solution with a solution containing carbonate ions, carrying out a co-precipitation reaction, and controlling the reaction temperature, the pH value, the dropwise adding rate, the reaction time and the molar ratio of the manganese salt to the ferrous salt; and filtering, washing and drying the obtained product ferromanganese carbonate in sequence to finally obtain the required battery material ferromanganese carbonate. The method for preparing the ferromanganese carbonate is stable, high in yield and convenient for industrial production, and a product which is uniform in morphology, stable in iron-manganese ratio at 4: 6 and uniform in metal ion distribution can be obtained.

The invention discloses a method for preparing large-particle sodium bicarbonate from sodium sulfate. The method comprises the following steps: pretreating raw materials; dynamically adjusting reaction conditions; establishing a raw material database; carrying out multistage continuous crystallization reaction; heat integration and waste heat recovery; the alkali medium is recycled; the temperature gradient design is simplified; double salt crystal separation and resource utilization, and bicarbonate radical concentration control; strengthening double salt separation by a membrane separation technology; and carrying out solid-liquid separation and product collection. In a sodium sulfate raw material dissolving stage, sodium carbonate or sodium bicarbonate is added to adjust the concentration of carbonate in a solution, so that the concentration is stabilized in a target range, ATR FT-IR is used for carrying out in-situ real-time quantitative analysis on carbonate ions in an aqueous solution, carbonate is automatically supplemented through feedback control, and the content of carbonate ions in the aqueous solution is determined. A plate heat exchanger is installed in a multi-stage reaction device, waste heat of previous-stage reaction liquid is utilized to preheat next-stage reaction liquid, and heat in mother liquor is recovered by adopting a vacuum evaporation technology in salting-out crystallization.

The invention discloses a nickel-based catalytic material as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: ultrasonically cleaning foamed nickel with hydrochloric acid, ethanol and deionized water, and drying for later use; putting the pretreated foamed nickel into seawater containing single transition metal salt, and oscillating in a constant-temperature oscillator; and taking out the material from the seawater after oscillation, and washing to obtain the nickel-based catalytic material. Foamed nickel serves as a substrate material, metal nickel is corroded into nickel ions by adopting a seawater corrosion technology, meanwhile, other transition metals are added, oxygen and carbon dioxide in air are dissolved in seawater in an oscillation mode to participate in a reaction, hydroxyl ions and carbonate ions are formed and combined with the metal ions, and the metal ions are formed. Layered bimetallic basic carbonate uniformly grows on the surface of the substrate to provide active sites, so that the nickel-based catalytic material has very high catalytic activity and stability.

The invention belongs to the technical field of deep-time atmosphere carbon dioxide isotope composition estimation, and particularly relates to a high-resolution deep-time atmosphere carbon dioxide isotope composition estimation method and system, and the method comprises the steps: S100, reconstructing the global surface average temperature based on the atmosphere carbon dioxide concentration pCO2; s200, calculating the relative content of carbonate ions and bicarbonate radical ions in the marine carbonate system; s300, determining a fractionation coefficient; s400, determining a difference value V of carbon isotopes of the carbonatite and surrounding seawater in the carbonatite deposition process on the basis of the carbon isotope difference of the carpopods and the carbonatite; according to the method, carbonate rocks which generally exist in geological history and are continuously deposited on time are selected as a tool for atmospheric carbon dioxide isotope reconstruction, and the atmospheric carbon dioxide isotope is reconstructed through quantitative evaluation of the geological history ocean surface layer temperature, the ocean carbonate rock salt content and the fractionation effect during formation of the carbonate rocks. And the atmospheric carbon dioxide isotope composition in the deep-time geological historical evolution process can be accurately calculated.