165 results about "Fluorine doping" patented technology

The invention discloses a modified carbon-coated sodium manganese ferric phosphate pyrophosphate / sodium ferric phosphate pyrophosphate positive electrode material as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and relates to the technical field of new energy materials. The preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing MnFe-MOF from a manganese source, a first iron source and a first organic ligand under a hydrothermal reaction; a second iron source, the MnFe-MOF and a second organic ligand are subjected to a hydrothermal reaction, and MnFe-MOF / Fe-MOF is obtained; uniformly mixing with a sodium source and a phosphorus source, and sintering to obtain a positive electrode material; and carrying out high-temperature gas-phase etching treatment to obtain the fluorine-doped carbon-coated modified sodium manganese ferric phosphate pyrophosphate / sodium ferric phosphate pyrophosphate positive electrode material. The material disclosed by the invention has a coating modified structure, so that an interface side reaction caused by direct contact between sodium ferromanganese phosphate and an electrolyte can be effectively avoided, a manganese dissolution phenomenon is reduced, and the structural stability of the material is improved; and meanwhile, the material has high conductivity, excellent structural stability, excellent long cycle life and excellent rate capability.

The invention relates to a composite diaphragm with high ionic conductivity, a composite solid electrolyte and a preparation method thereof. The composite diaphragm is composed of a lithium lanthanum-based fluorine-doped solid electrolyte LLMOF and a base membrane, the chemical general formula of the LLMOF is Li < x > La < y > M < 1 > < z > M < 2 > < w > M < 3 > O < 6 > F, wherein M1 is a tetravalent cation, M2 is a pentavalent cation, and M3 is a hexavalent cation; 1 < x + 3y < 5, 0 < x < = 2, and 1 / 3 < y < 5 / 3; 0 < = z < = 2, 0 < = w < = 2, 0 < = u < = 2, z + w + u = 2; the base membrane is a large-aperture base membrane, and the aperture r is more than or equal to 200nm and less than or equal to 1mu m; the particle size D50 of the LLMOF is 50 nm to 1 [mu] m, and the particle size D50 of the LLMOF is less than or equal to the aperture r of the base film. According to the composite diaphragm disclosed by the invention, the LLMOF solid electrolyte with an ion channel function is introduced, so that efficient conduction of ions is realized; the particle size is matched with that of a large-aperture base membrane, the membrane can be uniformly embedded into membrane holes, a continuous conduction path is constructed, and the ionic conductivity is improved; meanwhile, the composite diaphragm has excellent thermal stability and interface wettability, interface impedance is effectively reduced, and growth of lithium dendrites is inhibited.

The invention relates to a PEM ternary alloy catalyst for water electrolysis hydrogen production and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of water electrolysis catalysts. 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate is introduced in the generation of a carrier manganese dioxide to increase the specific surface area of the carrier, fluorine doping and oxygen vacancy construction are realized on the surface of the carrier through hydrofluoric acid treatment, and then a metal precursor is dispersed through an ethylene glycol / water system; and finally, loading and alloying of the alloy nanoparticles are completed through hydrothermal reduction and heat treatment. The morphology and electronic structure of the carrier are synergistically regulated and controlled through ionic liquid and fluorine doping, the specific surface area and active sites are remarkably increased, strong interaction of metal and the carrier is achieved through ternary alloy component optimization, and the oxygen evolution reaction activity and stability of the catalyst and the precious metal utilization rate are effectively improved.

The invention belongs to the technical field of solid electrolytes, and relates to a fluorine-doped sulfide solid electrolyte with high ionic conductivity and stability, and a preparation method and application thereof. The fluorine-doped sulfide solid electrolyte has a chemical formula as shown in a formula I or a formula II: Li < 10-2x > Ge < 1-x > Sn < x > P2S < 12-2x > F < 2x > formula I, and x is more than 0 and less than 1; li < 6 + / -3y > P < 1-y > Sn < y > S5Cl < 1-2y > F < 2y > formula II, and y is more than 0 and less than 1. A fluorine source for preparing the fluorine-doped sulfide solid electrolyte is SnF2. According to the sulfide solid electrolyte and the preparation method thereof, SnF2 is taken as a fluorine source, fluorine is introduced, the prepared sulfide solid electrolyte has wet air stability and lithium metal stability while high ionic conductivity is guaranteed, and an assembled all-solid-state battery shows excellent cycling stability.

The invention discloses carbon-coated lithium manganese iron phosphate as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of battery positive electrode materials. A preparation method of carbon-coated lithium manganese iron phosphate comprises the following steps: S1, mixing and dispersing a manganese source, an iron source, a lithium source, a phosphorus source and a carbon source, grinding, spray-drying and sintering to prepare carbon-coated lithium manganese iron phosphate; and S2, ammonium fluoride and the carbon-coated lithium manganese iron phosphate obtained in the step S1 are sequentially subjected to low-temperature fluorination sintering treatment and high-temperature defluorination sintering treatment. According to the preparation method, the carbon coating layer is modified through fluorine doping subjected to low-temperature fluorination sintering treatment in the step S2, so that the electronic structure distribution and the conductivity of the material are regulated and controlled, and the doped fluorine atoms leave the system in a fluorine gas form through fluorine-doped defluorination sintering treatment at a high temperature; and then proper sintering is performed to accelerate polymerization and heal excessive defect sites, so that the specific surface area of the material is reduced, and controllable adjustment of the specific surface area of the material is realized.

The application discloses a kind of detection pesticide water amitraz integrated organic photoelectrochemical transistor sensor construction method.The application is integrated on the same fluorine-doped tin oxide conductive glass chip by laser etching technology to have the gate, source, drain three electrodes of organic photoelectrochemical transistor.In order to improve the activity and stability of grating material, the method of encapsulating Pd NPs in Cu-MOF and pyrolyzing is adopted, and Pd NPs / p-Cu-MOF is formed.Pyrolysis Cu-MOF with three-dimensional MOF structure as active carrier can load more Pd NPs, and the redox active copper metal elements contained therein will cause electron transfer between carrier and Pd NPs, so as to adjust the electronic state of metal active site and improve its catalytic performance.Schottky junction is formed between Pd NPs and p-Cu-MOF, which promotes the separation of electrons and holes.Pd NPs / p-Cu-MOF is used as photoactive gate material, and amino amitraz aptamer with carboxyl on the material is used as recognition element, so as to realize the OPECT sensing detection of ICP.

The invention provides a lithium ion battery positive electrode material with high interface conductivity and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of new energy battery electrode materials. The preparation method of the lithium ion battery positive electrode material comprises the following steps: under the protection of nitrogen, reacting a metal salt solution containing nickel, cobalt and manganese with a precipitator and a complexing agent to synthesize a compact spherical NCM precursor; the preparation method comprises the following steps: uniformly ball-milling NCM, LiOH.H2O, LiF and absolute ethyl alcohol, and carrying out densification sintering to obtain fluorine-doped NCM powder; the preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing LiNO3, NH4H2PO4, urea and deionized water to prepare a precursor solution, uniformly loading the precursor solution on fluorine-doped NCM powder by adopting a rotary evaporation method, and carrying out heat treatment to obtain a lithium phosphorus oxygen nitrogen glass phase coated fluorine-doped NCM composite material; and dispersing the carboxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes in absolute ethyl alcohol, adding the LiPON coated fluorine-doped NCM composite material and phenolic resin, and carbonizing to obtain the positive electrode material. The obtained lithium ion battery positive electrode material has high interface conductivity, and the long cycle life is remarkably prolonged.

The invention discloses a fluorine-doped alpha-type manganese dioxide nanotube, a preparation method thereof and application of the fluorine-doped alpha-type manganese dioxide nanotube as a thallium adsorption material, and belongs to the technical field of thallium wastewater treatment. A manganese source solution, a fluorine source solution and an inorganic acid are mixed and then subjected to a hydrothermal reaction, and the fluorine-doped alpha-phase manganese dioxide nanotube is obtained, has the advantages of being large in specific surface area, developed in pore structure, rich in surface active sites and the like, can be used as a thallium adsorption material for repairing thallium-polluted water, can quickly, efficiently and selectively remove thallium ions in wastewater, and has a good application prospect. And the purpose of water purification is achieved.

The application provides a fluorine-doped Fe-N-C composite material and a preparation method and application and regeneration thereof, and belongs to the technical field of water pollution. In the application, an iron precursor, a zinc salt, an organic ligand and an organic solvent are mixed to synthesize Fe-doped metal organic framework Fe@ZIF-8 material, and then the Fe@ZIF-8 material is carbonized into Fe-N-C material; then the Fe-N-C material is mixed with a fluorine source and subjected to secondary carbonization to obtain the fluorine-doped Fe-N-C composite material. In the application, fluorine atoms are introduced into the Fe-N-C material to produce axial coordination with Fe of the FeN4 center, the fluorine element with high electronegativity can effectively improve the isoelectric point of the Fe-N-C material, the reaction activity of the material is enhanced, the Fe leaching of the material in the reaction process is inhibited, and the stability of the material is improved. In addition, the prepared fluorine-doped Fe-N-C composite material can be reused through fluorine-doping regeneration, and high reduction activity and stability can be maintained.

The invention discloses a fluorine-containing high polymer carbonized and coated silicon-carbon negative electrode material and a preparation method thereof. The silicon-carbon negative electrode material comprises a silicon-carbon material serving as a core and a coating layer serving as a shell and coating the surface of the silicon-carbon material, wherein the coating layer is formed by carbonizing a fluorine-containing high polymer layer; the fluorine-containing high polymer layer is obtained by coating the surface of the silicon-carbon material with a fluorine-containing micromolecular monomer through in-situ polymerization, or obtained by directly coating the surface of the silicon-carbon material with a fluorine-containing high-molecular polymer, or obtained by coating the surface of the silicon-carbon material with the fluorine-containing micromolecular monomer and a copolymer monomer through in-situ copolymerization. According to the fluorine-containing high polymer carbonized and coated silicon-carbon negative electrode material provided by the invention, the surface of the silicon-carbon material is secondarily coated with the fluorine-doped carbon layer (coating layer), so that the problem that the existing secondarily coated carbon layer can hinder ion transmission of the silicon-carbon material and influence the rate capability can be solved.

An electrode which includes nanoparticles of a carbon-doped tin oxide of formula C—SnO2-x where x=is from 0.001 to 0.1, having surface oxygen vacancies. The electrode includes a fluorine-doped tin oxide substrate. A film of the nanoparticles is present on at least one surface of the fluorine-doped tin oxide substrate. The surface oxygen vacancies correspond to an O 1s peak shift of 0.5-2 eV in the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) for C—SnO2-x compared to C—SnO2 without surface oxygen vacancies.

Described, herein, relates to a fluorinated electrocatalyst and a method of optimizing a catalytic reaction within an electrochemical cell, in which fluorine atoms may be introduced to the local coordination environment sites to weaken the carbon-nonmetal bonds and drive the nonmetallic chemical elements towards metallic chemical elements. The method may include introducing fluorine atoms to the metal-nonmetal-carbon catalysts to occupy the LCE site within the catalysts in order prevent the nonmetallic chemical elements from occupying the LCE sites, thereby driving the nonmetallic chemical element to form a nonmetallic chemical element layer on a surface of the metallic chemical elements. The nonmetallic chemical element layer may also inhibit the agglomeration and migration of the metallic chemical elements about the LCE site, optimizing catalyst activity through the regulation of the LCE site. The resulting fluorine-doped high-performance catalysts may be usable within electrochemical cells, with long-term stability and reduced degradation.

The invention discloses a glass fiber surface low-k SiOF coating based on a sol-gel and ultraviolet curing synergistic technology and a preparation method of the glass fiber surface low-k SiOF coating. According to the method, a sol-gel technology, a fluorine doping technology and an ultraviolet curing technology are creatively combined, and a compact, uniform and high-binding-force fluorine-doped silicon oxide coating with a low dielectric constant is constructed on the surface of the glass fiber. The dielectric constant of the coating at 10GHz is epsilon < lt >; 3.5, the dielectric loss tan [delta] lt; 0.005, the water contact angle gt; the temperature is 100 DEG C, and the water absorption is 1t; and the performance change rate is less than 10% after 96h of 85 DEG C / 85% RH aging. The invention solves the problems of high temperature, large energy consumption and easy fiber damage in traditional thermocuring, provides a low-temperature efficient surface modification technology which can be integrated with a glass fiber drawing process on line, and is suitable for the advanced electronic packaging field of high-frequency printed circuit boards and the like.

This invention proposes a nano-transparent semiconductor electrothermal structure, its fabrication method, and a semiconductor electrothermal module. The nano-transparent semiconductor electrothermal structure comprises, from bottom to top, a first insulating layer, a substrate, an electrothermal layer, a second insulating layer, and electrodes. Both the first and second insulating layers are nanoscale insulating films formed by pulsed radio frequency synergistic physical vapor deposition of hexagonal boron nitride. The first insulating layer is formed on the back side of the substrate, and the second insulating layer is formed above the electrothermal layer. The electrothermal layer is a nanoscale electrothermal conversion film formed by aluminum-doped zinc oxide, tin-doped indium oxide, and fluorine-doped tin oxide containing yttrium trioxide. At least one of tantalum, beryllium, and niobium is embedded in the lattice gaps of the electrothermal layer. The electrothermal layer is used for electrothermal conversion when energized. Electrodes are disposed on both sides of the electrothermal layer, and the electrodes are in contact with the electrothermal layer and connected to a power source. This invention adds a first insulating layer to the back of the substrate, which, together with the second insulating layer above the heating layer, forms a double-sided hexagonal boron nitride insulating protection structure. This effectively blocks leakage paths on the back of the substrate, improving safety. At the same time, the double-sided high thermal conductivity insulating layers balance the thermal resistance on both sides of the substrate, improving heating uniformity. The two equal-thickness thin films ensure symmetrical stress on both sides of the substrate, preventing warping and deformation. The heating layer uses pulsed radio frequency synergistic physical vapor deposition to improve film uniformity. Moreover, the use of hybrid deposition reduces the indium content while still achieving a better-performing heating layer.

The present invention provides a modified lithium-rich manganese-based positive electrode material, a preparation method thereof, and an application thereof. The preparation method of the modified lithium-rich manganese-based positive electrode material comprises the following steps: impregnating the lithium-rich manganese-based positive electrode material with a fluorocarbon surfactant and annealing at high temperature to obtain the modified lithium-rich manganese-based positive electrode material; the modified lithium-rich manganese-based positive electrode material is prepared by the preparation method of the modified lithium-rich manganese-based positive electrode material and is applied to the field of lithium-ion batteries. Compared with the prior art, the present invention not only retains the high theoretical specific capacity of the lithium-rich manganese-based positive electrode material itself, but also improves the surface stability of the material by fluorine doping the surface lattice of the material, thereby forming a modified lithium-rich manganese-based positive electrode material with excellent rate performance and more stable long-term cycle performance for application in the field of lithium-ion batteries. The preparation method is simple in process and highly operable.

The present invention discloses a split-type photoelectrochemical biosensing analysis method based on a Bi2S3 / Ag3PO4 heterojunction composite material. First, a Bi2S3 / Ag3PO4 heterojunction is prepared by multi-step hydrothermal method, and then modified on the surface of a fluorine-doped tin oxide electrode to form a Bi2S3 / Ag3PO4 photoelectrode; when a target is present, the capture aptamer on the surface of the magnetic bead can capture the triggering aptamer chain, thereby triggering the HCR reaction. With the help of the specific recognition effect between streptavidin and biotin, alkaline phosphatase is introduced on the surface of the magnetic bead to catalyze the substrate to form ascorbic acid as an electron donor, thereby enhancing the current. Carcinoembryonic antigen is quantitatively analyzed by photocurrent signal. This analysis method combines hybridization chain reaction and enzymatic signal amplification strategy, and has the advantages of simple preparation, high sensitivity, and reusability.

The application discloses an iridium oxide modified fluorine-doped tin oxide electrode and a preparation method and application thereof. The electrode comprises a light-transmitting fluorine-doped tin oxide conductive glass substrate and an in-situ attached iridium oxide nano-modified layer. The preparation method comprises the following steps: preparation and aging of a precursor solution, alternating current electrochemical deposition, annealing and cleaning, and laser patterning treatment. The application further discloses a cell impedance sensor organ chip system comprising the electrode and application of the system in in-vitro drug screening. The application utilizes the low cost and light-transmitting property of the fluorine-doped tin oxide and the excellent charge injection capacity of the alternating current deposited iridium oxide nano layer to greatly reduce the interface impedance. The scheme meets the in-situ optical observation, realizes the high-sensitivity biological impedance monitoring comparable to gold electrodes, effectively solves the problems of high cost and complex process of the existing organ chip electrode, and is very suitable for popularization and application as a disposable high-throughput consumable.

A silicon composite negative electrode material, a negative electrode sheet, and a battery. The silicon composite negative electrode material comprises an inner core (1), an intermediate layer (2), and an outer shell (3) in sequence, wherein the inner core (1) is silicon particles; the intermediate layer (2) is a fluorine-doped carbon layer; the outer shell (3) is a conductive polymer layer; and the mass proportion of fluorine in the silicon composite negative electrode material is 0.4-1.5%. Coating the surfaces of the silicon particles with the fluorine-doped carbon layer can effectively alleviate mechanical stress generated by volume expansion accompanying the intercalation of lithium into silicon particles, thereby improving the structural stability of the silicon composite negative electrode material. Moreover, fluorine doped in the carbon layer can form LiF with lithium ions, resulting in the formation of a stable SEI film rich in LiF on the negative electrode side. Further coating the surface of the fluorine-doped carbon layer with the conductive polymer layer can further optimize the conductivity and structural stability of the silicon composite negative electrode material, thereby ensuring that a battery containing the silicon composite negative electrode material has good cycling performance and high-rate fast charging performance.

The application provides a lead iodine calcium perovskite@titanium-based nitrogen and fluorine co-doped hexagonal rhombohedral heterojunction photocatalytic degradation nanomaterial and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing fluorine-doped titanium dioxide material, preparing lead iodine calcium perovskite material, and preparing the lead iodine calcium perovskite@titanium-based nitrogen and fluorine co-doped hexagonal rhombohedral heterojunction photocatalytic degradation nanomaterial. The application provides a photocatalytic degradation nanomaterial with high photocatalytic activity, and the photocatalytic degradation nanomaterial has high commercial value and popularization value.

The invention relates to the technical field of hard carbon negative electrode materials, in particular to a hard carbon negative electrode material and a preparation method and application thereof. The hard carbon negative electrode material is prepared by carbonizing fluorine-doped porous hard carbon nanospheres adsorbed by manganese acetate, the fluorine-doped porous hard carbon nanospheres are prepared by carbonizing a precursor which is prepared from double-bond siloxane, a fluorine-containing acrylic monomer and methacryloyloxypropyl heptaisobutyl POSS (Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane). The preparation method of the hard carbon negative electrode material comprises the following steps: S1, dissolving manganese acetate in an ethanol solvent, then adding fluorine-doped porous hard carbon nanospheres, mixing and stirring, and drying to obtain a negative electrode material precursor; and S2, in a nitrogen atmosphere, heating the negative electrode material precursor to 300-400 DEG C, keeping the temperature constant for 2-3 hours, then heating to 500-600 DEG C, keeping the temperature constant for 4-6 hours, and finally cooling to room temperature to obtain the hard carbon negative electrode material. The hard carbon negative electrode material provided by the invention has relatively high first coulombic efficiency.

Solvent-free methods are provided for synthesizing NSS ionic conductors including but not limited to Se-doped and fluorine-doped NSS ionic conductors, which can be used as solid electrolytes in electrochemical storage devices and providing high ionic conductivity at room temperature and other advantages.

This invention provides a fluorine-doped ZnIn2S4 photocatalyst, its preparation method, and its application. The fluorine-doped ZnIn2S4 photocatalyst has a spherical nanoflower structure, which is composed of nanosheets arranged in an array. The preparation method includes the following steps: (1) adding ZnCl2, InCl3·4H2O, and thioacetamide to water and stirring to obtain a mixture A; (2) adding a fluorine source to mixture A and mixing thoroughly to obtain mixture B; (3) subjecting mixture B to a hydrothermal reaction, separating the product after the reaction, washing, and drying to obtain the F-ZnIn2S4 photocatalyst. The fluorine-doped ZnIn2S4 photocatalyst exhibits highly efficient photocatalytic activity.

The invention discloses fluorine-doped modified artificial graphite and a preparation method and application thereof.The preparation method of the fluorine-doped modified artificial graphite comprises the steps that raw material coke and asphalt are subjected to batch mixing, granulation and shaping, and then an artificial graphite precursor is obtained; and carrying out doping reaction on the artificial graphite precursor and an inorganic fluorine source, graphitizing, screening and demagnetizing to obtain the fluorine-doped modified artificial graphite. The artificial graphite precursor and the inorganic fluorine source are subjected to doping reaction, fluorine doping of the artificial graphite can be realized, and when the artificial graphite is used as a lithium ion battery negative electrode material for formation, a layer of SEI film rich in LiF can be formed on the surface, so that the loss of Li in electrolyte is reduced, and the service life of the lithium ion battery is prolonged. And the stability and the first coulombic efficiency of the artificial graphite as the negative electrode material of the lithium ion battery are improved.

The invention provides synthesis of a fluorine-doped ion sieve precursor Li1. 6Mn1. 6O4 and application of the fluorine-doped ion sieve precursor Li1. 6Mn1. 6O4 to adsorption and lithium extraction, and belongs to the technical field of lithium extraction of adsorbent brine. The synthesis method comprises the following steps: putting an ion sieve precursor Li1. 6Mn1. 6O4 and a fluorine-containing ionic liquid into water, uniformly stirring, carrying out a thermal reaction, naturally cooling, carrying out suction filtration, washing, and finally carrying out vacuum drying to obtain the fluorine-doped ion sieve precursor Li1. 6Mn1. 6O4, the molar ratio of fluorine to manganese is (0.05-0.8): 1. The synthesis method of the fluorine-doped ion sieve precursor Li1. 6Mn1. 6O4 has the advantages that the raw materials are wide, the doping process is simple and controllable, the doped raw materials can be recycled, the energy consumption is lower, and the fluorine-doped ion sieve precursor Li1. 6Mn1. 6O4 is greener and more environment-friendly; the fluorine-doped ion sieve H1. 6Mn1. 6O4 prepared from the precursor is stable in performance, and has great significance in reducing manganese solution loss and improving a brine lithium extraction process.

A process for manufacturing a coated glass article, said process comprising the following steps in order: (a) providing a glass substrate having a surface, (b) forming a gaseous mixture comprising a source of tin, a source of fluorine, molecular oxygen and water, (c) delivering the gaseous mixture to the surface of the glass substrate, and (d) depositing a coating based on fluorine-doped tin oxide on the surface of the substrate using chemical vapour deposition (CVD), and (e) exposing the substrate to an environment that is under a vacuum and is at a temperature of from 450°C to 750°C for at least 5 minutes.

The application is suitable for the technical field of electrochemical energy storage devices, and provides a high-performance flexible nickel-iron battery and a preparation method thereof, which comprises a fluorine-doped nickel hydroxide positive electrode based on a flexible conductive substrate, an iron-based material negative electrode based on a flexible conductive substrate, and a gel electrolyte; fluorine-doped nickel hydroxide is used as the positive electrode active material, and through controllable fluorine ion doping, the electronic conductivity and structural stability of the nickel hydroxide are significantly improved while the structure of the nickel hydroxide is maintained; the positive electrode and the negative electrode are both loaded on a flexible conductive substrate; and the PVA-KOH gel electrolyte is combined, and through a freeze-thaw solidification process, the electrode and the electrolyte are integrated in a flexible manner. The battery prepared by the application has high energy density, excellent rate performance and cycle stability, and has good electrochemical performance retention under bending, folding and other deformations, and can be applied to the fields of wearable electronic devices and the like.

An electrode which includes nanoparticles of a carbon-doped tin oxide of formula C—SnO2-x where x=is from 0.001 to 0.1, having surface oxygen vacancies. The electrode includes a fluorine-doped tin oxide substrate. A film of the nanoparticles is present on at least one surface of the fluorine-doped tin oxide substrate. The surface oxygen vacancies correspond to an O 1s peak shift of 0.5-2 eV in the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) for C—SnO2-x compared to C—SnO2 without surface oxygen vacancies.

This invention relates to a nickel-manganese bimetallic hydroxide / oxide electrochromic thin film, its preparation, and its application. The electrochromic thin film of this invention is directly grown on the surface of fluorine-doped tin dioxide (FTO) conductive glass via a hydrothermal method. The specific steps are as follows: First, nickel source, manganese source, urea, and ammonium fluoride are dissolved in deionized water, then transferred to a hydrothermal reactor. An FTO conductive glass is placed in the reactor with its conductive side facing down. After a period of constant-temperature hydrothermal reaction, it is naturally cooled to room temperature. The FTO conductive glass is then removed from the reactor, cleaned, and dried to obtain the nickel-manganese bimetallic hydroxide electrochromic thin film. After calcination at a certain temperature, a nickel-manganese bimetallic oxide electrochromic thin film is obtained. Compared with single nickel oxide and manganese oxide, the NiMnLDH thin film of this invention exhibits a larger light modulation amplitude in the visible light region and higher transmittance in the faded state, making it applicable to electrochromism and related fields.

The application discloses a fluorine-doped and heterojunction synergistically modified hydrogen evolution electrocatalyst, which is composed of a fluorine-doped double transition metal phosphide heterojunction active phase and a carrier, the fluorine-doped double transition metal phosphide heterojunction active phase is in a relatively rough nanowire structure, and the nanowire is attached to the carrier; the double transition metal phosphide in the double transition metal phosphide heterojunction is Ni2P and CoP, and the two phases constitute the heterojunction. The fluorine-doped and heterojunction synergistically modified hydrogen evolution electrocatalyst has high intrinsic activity, good conductivity and excellent stability, can stably and efficiently catalyze the water electrolysis hydrogen evolution reaction under a full pH condition, has excellent stability and durability, and the comprehensive catalytic performance is close to that of a noble metal Pt / C catalyst.

A process for manufacturing a coated glass article, said process comprising the following steps in order: providing a glass substrate having a surface, forming a gaseous mixture comprising a source of tin, a source of fluorine, molecular oxygen and water, delivering the gaseous mixture to the surface of the glass substrate, and depositing a coating based on fluorine-doped tin oxide on the surface of the substrate, wherein the coating based on fluorine-doped tin oxide comprises two or more layers based on fluorine-doped tin oxide, wherein the process is carried out using chemical vapour deposition (CVD), and wherein the molar ratio of the source of fluorine in the gaseous mixture during deposition of the layer based on fluorine-doped tin oxide that is directly beneath the outermost layer based on fluorine-doped tin oxide : the source of fluorine in the gaseous mixture during deposition of the outermost layer based on fluorine-doped tin oxide is from 0.01 to 1.5.