490 results about "Freezing methods" patented technology

The invention provides a large frozen soil model test system with a moisturizing function and a frost heaving test function. A moisturizing system and a refrigeration system of the model test system are arranged in a model tank box body; a loading system capable of vertically moving is arranged at the top of the model tank box body; a temperature field test device is arranged at the periphery of the refrigeration system; a frost heaving three-dimensional stress-strain test device is arranged on the inner side wall in the model tank box body; and a frost heaving and thaw collapse observation device is fixedly arranged at the top of the model tank box body. The large frozen soil model test system has the beneficial effects that a platform for scientific research is provided for researching the physical and mechanical properties of artificially frozen soil and optimizing an artificial freezing method; the large frozen soil model test system can be widely applied to freezing method construction model tests in the fields of geotechnical engineering, underground construction, traffic engineering and the like, for example, simulation tests are carried out on underground construction such as shield tunnel inlet and outlet freezing reinforcement, contact passage freezing method construction, and deep foundation pit freezing support; in addition, the natural frozen soil can also be simulated by adjusting control parameters of refrigerating machines; and large frozen soil model test system is applied to research on damages and effects on buildings and structures caused by seasonally frozen ground and frozen soil in permafrost regions.

A horizontal freezing method for constructing the tunnel in soft stratum includes such steps as determining the saline temp in active freezing period and maintaining freezing period, the average temp of frozen earth wall and the strength of frozen earth, designing and arranging the freezing hole, calculating the cold needed by freezing, excavating the horn-shaped portal tunnel segments at both ends, excavating middle segments, and enlarging the tunnel.

The invention provides an anisotropic polyimide aerogel material and a polyimide / inorganic nanoparticle composite aerogel material as well as preparation methods thereof. The anisotropic polyimide aerogel material and the polyimide / inorganic nanoparticle composite aerogel material are prepared with a freezing method, a freezing solution is used for freezing, the freezing direction is controlled, and the prepared aerogel material has anisotropy and has wide application prospects in low dielectric materials, matter adsorption, matter separation, thermal insulation protection, acoustic damping, catalysts, drug carriers and other fields.

The invention discloses a freezing method of a material with a microcosmic lamellar structure. The freezing method is characterized by comprising the steps of firstly dispersing precursor components of a to-be-prepared lamellar material into a water solution to prepare a precursor solution, adding the precursor solution into a freezing mold, regulating and controlling the temperature gradient of a freezing surface to prompt ice crystals to perform parallel lamellar oriented growth in a freezing process of the solution to extrude the precursor components in the solution to be between the adjacent ice crystals so as to assemble the precursor components into corresponding parallel lamellar structures, and then carrying out freeze drying so as to obtain the material with the microcosmic lamellar structure. The freezing method is suitable for preparing an organic polymer bracket material with the microcosmic lamellar structure or a composite material of the organic polymer bracket material, is especially suitable for preparing a nanometer-material macro-function assembly with the microcosmic lamellar structure and therefore has an important application value in the field of novel materials.

The invention relates to a system for monitoring the temperature, the stress and the deformation of a frozen wall of a shaft in real time and a laying method thereof and belongs to the technical field of detection instrument equipment. The system is used for carrying out real-time automatic monitoring on the temperature, the stress and the deformation of the frozen wall of the shaft constructed by a freezing method. The system comprises the frozen wall of the shaft constructed by the freezing method, which needs to be monitored, an engineering monitoring position, a deformation monitoring sensing equipment and instrument and a monitoring data software analysis system. The invention solves the problem that the deformation of the frozen wall of the shaft constructed by the freezing method and the damage to the frozen wall directly relate to the normal construction of the shaft engineering constructed by the freezing method, so that how to find the symptom before the deformation of the frozen wall of the shaft constructed by the freezing method or the damage to the frozen wall exceeds the allowed deformation or damage is the key problem of reducing the disaster. The system and the laying method thereof have the advantage that the deformation monitoring system for carrying out real-time automatic monitoring on the temperature, the stress and the deformation of the frozen wall of the shaft can provide early warning and forecasting before the deformation of the frozen wall of the shaft constructed by the freezing method or the damage to the frozen wall exceeds the allowed deformation or damage so as to reduce the disaster and the loss.

The invention discloses a shallow tunneling method for a pipe-proof-supporting structure combined system. The method comprises the steps of A, arranging two vertical working wells in areas without sensitive buildings at the two ends of an underground structure; B, ejecting size and diameter combination steel pipes into the periphery of an underground main body structure through the vertical working wells to form a tube screen; C, reinforcing a soil body between the steel pipes through a grouting or freezing method to form water tightness underground space; D, under the protection of the combined tube screen, conducting shallow tunneling construction on the underground main body structure, and enabling the tube screen and a supporting structure to form a longitudinal annular combination stress system with large rigidity; E, after the combination stress system achieves a certain strength, disassembling an inner contemporary support, and constructing the underground main body structure. The shallow tunneling method for the pipe-proof-supporting structure combined system has the advantages that the pipe screen is combined with the supporting structure, the combined stress system with the large rigidity is formed, settlement is strictly controlled, loss of underground water is effectively controlled, construction and operation safety is ensured, and the shallow tunneling method for the pipe-proof-supporting structure combined system is particularly suitable for the situation that an ultra-shallow berried oversized section saturated tunnel penetrates through the sensitive buildings underground.

The invention relates to a device and a method for the production of monocrystalline or multicrystalline materials using the vertical-gradient-freeze method, in particular silicon for applications in photovoltaics. According to the invention a low amount of wastage is achieved in that the cross section of the crucible is polygonal, in particular rectangular or square-shaped. Disposed around the circumference of the crucible there is a flat or planar heating element, in particular a jacket heater, which generates an inhomogeneous temperature profile. This corresponds to the temperature gradient formed in the centre of the crucible. The heat output of the flat heating element decreases going from the top end to the bottom end of the crucible. The flat heating element comprises a plurality of parallel heating webs, extending in a vertical or horizontal meandering course. The heat output from the webs is set by varying the conductor cross section. To avoid local overheating in corner areas of the crucible, constrictions of the cross section are provided at inversion zones of the meandering courses of the webs. The flat heating element can be formed from a plurality of interconnected individual segments.

The invention is suitable to sinking operation inside alluvium and rock formation. water tight connection plate in 'T'shaped cross section is setup at wall of a well in single layer at connection place when construction goes downwards. Connecting rod is setup between connection places. The disclosed method changes old construction mode that new and old concretes of lower and upper segments of well wall are contacted directly at place of the connection plate into mode that concrete contact with connection plate. Thus, the invention raises water seal performance at connection part of well wall greatly. Well wall in single layer can be as temporary supporting structure or as permanent supporting structure. Comparing with technique of freezing method, the invention simplifies construction technique, reduces cost greatly. Features are: simple structure, convenience of construction, good tightness, small total thickness, and wide practicability.

The invention discloses marine seawater desalting method and equipment which couple a freezing method and a distilling method by utilizing an absorption type heat pump. The method comprises the steps of precooling-preheating, freezing-evaporating, washing-condensing, melting-condensing, and the like. According to the invention, because the novel cold and heat cogeneration seawater desalting method is realized by fully utilizing residual heat resources at different temperatures on a ship, the whole system is simple and feasible, is convenient for operation, can be used for optimally utilizing energy, has the characteristics of large desalted water output and high desalted water quality, is especially suitable for low-cost small-scale production on the ship and can be widely applied to the field of seawater desalting.

The invention discloses a freezing method of fresh shrimp and a freeze protective agent of fresh shrimp. The protective agent comprises the first biological preservative and the second biological preservative; the first biological preservative is tea polyphenol solution; and the second biological preservative is a mixture of chitosan, sodium alginate, calcium chloride, lysozyme, propolis, lactoferritin, xylitol and sorbicolan. The protective agent is utilized for freeze preservation of fresh shrimps. The freeze protective agent of fresh shrimp disclosed by the invention is prepared from natural ingredients; the first biological preservative and the second biological preservative are combined, so that the fresh flavor and the original state of appearance of the aquatic products can be better protected; moreover, the freeze protective agent of fresh shrimp reduces nutrient loss, such as protein loss and the like, while inhibits bacteria production; thus, the freeze protective agent of fresh shrimp is capable of greatly prolonging the shelf life and the storage period of the aquatic products.

The invention discloses a frozen fillet processing method, belonging to the fields of frozen aquatic products and aquatic product processing, which can be popularized and applied to the freezing process of other foods. In the method of the invention, protective agent is added into boned skinless fillets by injecting, ultrasonic immersing or a combined manner of injecting and ultrasonic immersing for processing the fillets; the fillet quick freezing is realized by adopting the synergistic effect of indirectly contacted alcohol freezing solution immersing and ultrasound freezing; and the fillets are frozen and stored at below 18 DEG C. The protective agent is an aqueous solution containing sodium lactate, trehalose, unfrozen protein, Nisin and salt; the protein denaturation of the frozen fillets processed by the protective agent is reduced, the retention performance is improved, the nutritional value, flavor and mouthfeel can be maintained to the largest extent, the freezing time is short, and the production efficiency is high.

The invention relates to a process freezing method. The process freezing method comprises the following steps: monitoring operation states of processes in real time; obtaining a process list in a background operation state; and freezing the processes in the background operation state. According to the process freezing method, the processes in the background operation state are obtained by monitoring the operation states of the processes in real time, and the background processes are frozen so as to release the memory space, so that the operation speed of the mobile terminal is higher, and the power consumption is reduced.

The invention discloses an output-only linear time-varying structure modal parameter identification method and belongs to the technical field of structural dynamics. Firstly, a cost function of a least squares support vector machine vector time-varying autoregressive model is deduced; secondly, a function space is built by means of a Wendland compactly supported radial basis function; a regular factor is determined through the non-parameter method based on Gamma testing, and a basis function width reduction coefficient is given on the basis of actual experiences; a time-varying autoregressive model order is determined according to the Bayesian information criterion and the Akaike information criterion; a function space order is determined according to the ratio of residual sum of squares to sequence sum of squares; finally, the matrix expression of the least squares support vector machine vector time-varying autoregressive model is solved according to the cost function, modal frequency of a system is solved according to a time freezing method, and linear time-varying structure modal parameter identification is finished. The method can improve calculation efficiency, improves system robustness, and is widely used in linear time-varying structure modal identification in structural dynamic engineering application.

The continual casting directional solidification method for TiAl-base alloy plate comprises, putting TiAl alloy material bar 3 and dummy ingot 4 with rectangular intersection into the electromagnetic induction range of coil 6, galvanizing to coil 6 with single-phase alternating current with power of 75~100kW from electrical power for 20~25min; the alloy bar 3 and ingot 4 move downward with velocity of 0.01-0.05mm / min and get into the bottom crystallizer 8. This invention overcomes the limit to rectangular intersection blank and fits to press for high performance material in economy, science and national defense industry.

The invention relates to the field of biology and provides a freezing medium for induced pluripotent stem cells, application of the freezing medium, and a freezing method of the induced pluripotent stem cells. The freezing medium uses an IMDM / F12 basal medium as substrate; each 100mL of the freezing medium comprises, by volume concentration, 2-20v / v% of DMSO, 0.5-5v / v% of dextran 40, 0.5-5v / v% of albumin, 1ng-1000ng of Thiazovivin, and the balance of IMDM / F12 basal medium. The freezing medium uses no animal serum, thus the risk of serum spreading of animal-origin pathogens is avoided. In addition, freezing with the freezing medium is more effective, and post-thawing survival rate of the cells is higher. After three months of freezing, the survival rate of thawed iPS (induced pluripotent stem) cells frozen with the freezing medium is higher than 91%, which is evidently higher than that of traditional freezing medium.

Provided is a preparing method of aperture-adjustable graphene aerogel. The graphene aerogel is prepared from graphene oxide through a reduction freezing method and has the advantages that the aperture adjustable range is 5-240 micron, the highest elasticity modulus is 327 kPa, and organic solvents can be absorbed. A freezing device used in the freezing step is composed of a cooling system and a temperature measuring system, the reduction freezing temperature interval is -10 DEG C to -196 DEG C, and the temperature is lowered by 0.2-20 DEG C every second. Ice crystals are used as the templatefor precisely adjusting the appearance of the aerogel, and the graphene aerogel with different apertures is obtained. The small-aperture graphene aerogel prepared under the high-speed freezing condition has extremely high mechanical performance and heat conduction and electric conduction performance and can be used in the catalysis and battery fields. The large-aperture graphene aerogel prepared under the low-speed freezing condition has extremely high oriented adsorption performance and can be used for sewage treatment. The superlarge-aperture graphene aerogel prepared under the superlow-speed freezing condition has extremely high compression and resilience performance and can be used for a pressure sensor.

The invention discloses a freezing method of pig sperms. Unexpectedly, the DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) completeness and the in vitro fertilization (IVF) rate of unfrozen pig sperms can be obviously improved by using 9(w / v)% of low-density albumin for treatment during the freezing process.

This invention relates to the arsenide gallium single-crystal growth with level three temperature areas gradient concretion method, the character as follows: the furnace where the single-crystal grows is not moved; the temperature of high temperature T1 decreases gradually according to the single-crystal shaping point temperature, and the decreasing rate inosculates to the single-crystal growth rate.

The invention discloses a pneumatic circulation freezing type natural gas hydrate wire-line coring drilling tool and a coring method. The drilling tool is composed of an inner pipe assembly and an outer pipe assembly. Dry ice is adopted by the drilling tool to serve as a cold source, ethyl alcohol serves as a secondary refrigerant, high-pressure carbon dioxide generated when the dry ice is mixed with the ethyl alcohol is used for pushing the ethyl alcohol to flow circularly, the freezing energy is transmitted to a freezing cavity continuously from a cold storage cavity where the dry ice is located, and quick core freezing is achieved; a hole bottom freezing method and a wire-line coring process are combined, quick coring can be achieved without lifting the drilling tool, an inner pipe does not rotate in the drilling process, and mechanical disturbance of aquo-complex cores is reduced. The pneumatic circulation freezing type natural gas hydrate wire-line coring drilling tool is reasonable in structure, high in freezing efficiency and simple in operation process.

The invention provides a growing method for an indium phosphide single crystal. The method comprises the following steps: using a vertical gradient freeze method for heating indium phosphide seed, indium phosphide polycrystal, diboron trioxide and red phosphorus, and growing crystals to obtain the indium phosphide single crystal, wherein the red phosphorus takes up 0.05-0.1% of the total mass of the indium phosphide polycrystal, the diboron trioxide and the red phosphorus. By the provided growing method, the indium phosphide single crystal with substantially lower dislocation density can be obtained without adding dopant such as ferrum or sulfur, thereby simplifying the technology and saving the cost; moreover, the few red phosphorus (only one tenth of the dosage of the red phosphorus in the prior art) is used in the preparation method, thereby reducing the danger during the production. It is shown by experiments that the average dislocation density of the indium phosphide single crystal obtained by the provided growing method is 2000-4000 / cm2, with the local dislocation density being less than 500 / cm2. The invention further provides a growing device of the indium phosphide single crystal.

A liquid crystal module comprises at least a liquid crystal panel with a display side and a liquid crystal side corresponding to each other, wherein at least one portion of the liquid crystal side is a heating portion, such that the heating portion can be driven to heat the liquid crystal side when the temperature of the environmental is under a liquid crystal working temperature. In addition, a liquid crystal anti-freeze method for the liquid crystal module is disclosed.

The cold carrier freezing method freezes by means of establishing electric field in unfrozen cooling liquid. A kind of food freezing equipment possesses: freezing tank holding unfrozen cooling liquid; motor driven cooling liquid driving part inside the freezing tank; motor driven frozen matter elevator inside the freezing tank to support the frozen food; and freezing machine driven by motor to cool the cooling liquid. The present invention features the high-potential electric field generator to establish electric field in cooling liquid, electrical insualtor to support the equipment and for the motor to install on and electrically insulating belt to output the power of the motor.

The invention provides a stem cell freezing medium and a freezing method of stem cells. The freezing medium contains dimethyl sulfoxide and hydroxyethyl starch and has great clinical application value. The invention also provides the freezing method of stem cells.The stem cell freezing medium in the invention is adopted by the method.In the invention,the cells frozen with the stem cell freezing medium has the advantage of high recovery / survival rate.

The invention relates to a method for producing a monocrystalline or polycrystalline semiconductor material by way of directional solidification, wherein lumpy semiconductor raw material is introduced into a melting crucible and melted therein and directionally solidified, in particular using the vertical gradient freeze method.In order to prevent contamination and damage, the semiconductor raw material is melted from the upper end of the melting crucible. The molten material trickles downward, so that semiconductor raw material which has not yet melted gradually slumps in the melting crucible. In this case, the additional semiconductor raw material is replenished to the melting crucible from above onto a zone of semiconductor raw material which has not yet melted or is not completely melted, in order at least partly to compensate for a volumetric shrinkage of the semiconductor raw material and to increase the filling level of the crucible.In order to reduce the melting-on time and to influence the thermal conditions in the system as little as possible, the semiconductor raw material to be replenished is heated by the purposeful introduction of heat to a temperature below the melting temperature of the semiconductor raw material and introduced into the container in the heated state.

The invention relates to an active taxus tea, and a preparation method thereof. The invention relates to traditional Chinese medicine compound with a raw material of Chinese yew leaves. The taxus tea is produced from fresh branches and leaves of Chinese yew, and Chinese crude drugs comprising honeysuckle flowers, cordyceps sinensis, dried orange peels, balloonflower roots, radix astragali, eucommia, double teeth pubescent angelica root, and rhizoma cyperi. The tea can be taken after 2g to 5g of the materials is infused in boiled water. The preparation method of the invention is advantaged in that: a plurality of effective constituents within the fresh branches and leaves of Chinese yew are extracted and collected through crossed methods of high-temperature heating and freezing; effective constituents within the product are first kept fresh by a freezing method, and then activated through infusing with boiled water when in use. According to the present invention, with the combination of Chinese yew fresh branches and leaves and Chinese crude drugs, the taxus tea has effects of intestine cleaning, in-vivo virus eliminating, kidney warming, channel freeing, bacteria inhibiting, inflammation eliminating, immunity adjusting, and tumour inhibiting. The taxus tea also has synergetic effects with various antineoplastic or antibiosis medicaments, and has substantial curative effect against diabetes, nephrosis, and the like.

The embodiment of the invention discloses a freezing pipe, a frigo, and a method of excavating rock-soil by adopting a freezing method, relates to the technical field of rock-soil excavation, and is invented for controlling the transmitting direction of cold energy and reducing electric power and construction cost. The freezing pipe comprises a freezing pipe body, wherein thermal insulation materials are arranged on one side of the freezing pipe body. The frigo and the method of excavating the rock-soil by adopting the freezing method adopt the freezing pipe to conduct freezing. The freezing pipe, the frigo, and the method of excavating the rock-soil by adopting the freezing method are suitable for the excavation of a vertical shaft and an underground tunnel.

The invention discloses a freezer with the adjustable freezing section length and a freezing method for the freezer. The freezer comprises a liquid supplying pipe, a liquid returning pipe, an auxiliary pipe, an inner freezing pipe, an outer freezing pipe and a plurality of annular separation boards, wherein the inner freezing pipe is arranged inside the outer freezing pipe, wherein the top end of the inner freezing pipe and the top end of the outer freezing pipe are simultaneously sealed by an upper sealing plate; the bottom end of the outer freezing pipe is sealed by a lower sealing plate; the bottom of the inner freezing pipe and the bottom of the outer freezing pipe are communicated; the annular separation boards are arranged in a cavity formed by the inner freezing pipe and the outer freezing pipe along the axial direction at intervals; a plurality of one-way valves are uniformly arranged on each annular separation board; the liquid supplying pipe and the liquid returning pipe extend into the inner freezing pipe from the outside; the liquid supplying pipe downwards extends to the bottom of the inner freezing pipe; the auxiliary pipe extends into the cavity formed by the inner freezing pipe and the outer freezing pipe from the outside; a base cone is arranged at the bottom end of the outer freezing pipe. According to the freezer and the freezing method, the effective utilization rate of refrigerating capacity is greatly improved, and the starting power of a refrigerating station is reduced. Compared with a general freezer, the freezer disclosed by the invention is more environment-friendly, economic, energy-saving and efficient.

The invention discloses a cold, heat, water and electricity four-coproduction system combined with a freezing method. The system comprises a gas-turbine generator set, a combined heat and power generation system, a seawater ice-making system and a cold and water coproduction system, wherein an exhaust outlet of the gas-turbine generator set is connected with a flue gas inlet of a waste heat boiler of the combined heat and power generation system; a small backpressure machine of the combined heat and power generation system is coaxially connected with a compressor of the seawater ice-making system; an outlet of the compressor of the seawater ice-making system is connected with an inlet of a heater of the combined heat and power generation system; a washing chamber of the seawater ice-making system is communicated with a thawing chamber of the cold and water coproduction system; a circulating water loop is formed among the thawing chamber of the cold and water coproduction system, a plate heat exchanger and a water storage tank; an air conditioning chilled water loop is connected with the other side of the plate heat exchanger; and the water storage tank is provided with a fresh water overflow pipe. The cold, hot, water and electricity four-coproduction system is capable of producing three energy including cold, heat and electricity and outputting fresh water, is very high in energy utilization efficiency, is beneficial to reducing the cost of seawater desalination, and can realize comprehensive utilization of energy and resources.

The invention provides a refrigeration and freezing device and a freezing method thereof. The refrigeration and freezing device comprises a liner, a refrigeration system, an interference device and an ultrasonic generation device, wherein a storage chamber for storing frozen foods is limited in the liner; the refrigeration system is configured to be controlled to supply cooling capacity to the storage chamber, so that the temperature of the storage chamber is reduced to and kept at a crystallization point temperature first preset time of the frozen foods, and then, is reduced to and kept at a preset preservation temperature of the frozen foods; the interference device is configured to be started to interfere the frozen foods after the temperature in the storage chamber is reduced to the crystallization point temperature first preset time, and works for a second preset time; and the ultrasonic generation device is configured to be started to apply ultrasonic waves to the frozen foods when the interference device is stopped working, and works for a third preset time. The refrigeration and freezing device and the freezing method thereof excellently preserve the cell integrity of the foods in the freezing process, and perfectly guarantee the freezing quality of such foods as meat loafs.

A ground freezing method and apparatus compensates for geothermal gradients by supplying more refrigerant to deeper parts of the earth. One or more metal freeze pipes are installed in a bore and equipped with one or more feed pipes. The feed pipes extend to different depths with the longer feed pipes being larger to supply more refrigerant to greater depths and achieve uniform top to bottom ground freezing despite the effects of geothermal gradients.