488 results about "Freezing methods" patented technology

The invention relates to a system for monitoring the temperature, the stress and the deformation of a frozen wall of a shaft in real time and a laying method thereof and belongs to the technical field of detection instrument equipment. The system is used for carrying out real-time automatic monitoring on the temperature, the stress and the deformation of the frozen wall of the shaft constructed by a freezing method. The system comprises the frozen wall of the shaft constructed by the freezing method, which needs to be monitored, an engineering monitoring position, a deformation monitoring sensing equipment and instrument and a monitoring data software analysis system. The invention solves the problem that the deformation of the frozen wall of the shaft constructed by the freezing method and the damage to the frozen wall directly relate to the normal construction of the shaft engineering constructed by the freezing method, so that how to find the symptom before the deformation of the frozen wall of the shaft constructed by the freezing method or the damage to the frozen wall exceeds the allowed deformation or damage is the key problem of reducing the disaster. The system and the laying method thereof have the advantage that the deformation monitoring system for carrying out real-time automatic monitoring on the temperature, the stress and the deformation of the frozen wall of the shaft can provide early warning and forecasting before the deformation of the frozen wall of the shaft constructed by the freezing method or the damage to the frozen wall exceeds the allowed deformation or damage so as to reduce the disaster and the loss.

The invention discloses a shallow tunneling method for a pipe-proof-supporting structure combined system. The method comprises the steps of A, arranging two vertical working wells in areas without sensitive buildings at the two ends of an underground structure; B, ejecting size and diameter combination steel pipes into the periphery of an underground main body structure through the vertical working wells to form a tube screen; C, reinforcing a soil body between the steel pipes through a grouting or freezing method to form water tightness underground space; D, under the protection of the combined tube screen, conducting shallow tunneling construction on the underground main body structure, and enabling the tube screen and a supporting structure to form a longitudinal annular combination stress system with large rigidity; E, after the combination stress system achieves a certain strength, disassembling an inner contemporary support, and constructing the underground main body structure. The shallow tunneling method for the pipe-proof-supporting structure combined system has the advantages that the pipe screen is combined with the supporting structure, the combined stress system with the large rigidity is formed, settlement is strictly controlled, loss of underground water is effectively controlled, construction and operation safety is ensured, and the shallow tunneling method for the pipe-proof-supporting structure combined system is particularly suitable for the situation that an ultra-shallow berried oversized section saturated tunnel penetrates through the sensitive buildings underground.

The invention relates to a device and a method for the production of monocrystalline or multicrystalline materials using the vertical-gradient-freeze method, in particular silicon for applications in photovoltaics. According to the invention a low amount of wastage is achieved in that the cross section of the crucible is polygonal, in particular rectangular or square-shaped. Disposed around the circumference of the crucible there is a flat or planar heating element, in particular a jacket heater, which generates an inhomogeneous temperature profile. This corresponds to the temperature gradient formed in the centre of the crucible. The heat output of the flat heating element decreases going from the top end to the bottom end of the crucible. The flat heating element comprises a plurality of parallel heating webs, extending in a vertical or horizontal meandering course. The heat output from the webs is set by varying the conductor cross section. To avoid local overheating in corner areas of the crucible, constrictions of the cross section are provided at inversion zones of the meandering courses of the webs. The flat heating element can be formed from a plurality of interconnected individual segments.

The invention is suitable to sinking operation inside alluvium and rock formation. water tight connection plate in 'T'shaped cross section is setup at wall of a well in single layer at connection place when construction goes downwards. Connecting rod is setup between connection places. The disclosed method changes old construction mode that new and old concretes of lower and upper segments of well wall are contacted directly at place of the connection plate into mode that concrete contact with connection plate. Thus, the invention raises water seal performance at connection part of well wall greatly. Well wall in single layer can be as temporary supporting structure or as permanent supporting structure. Comparing with technique of freezing method, the invention simplifies construction technique, reduces cost greatly. Features are: simple structure, convenience of construction, good tightness, small total thickness, and wide practicability.

The invention relates to a process freezing method. The process freezing method comprises the following steps: monitoring operation states of processes in real time; obtaining a process list in a background operation state; and freezing the processes in the background operation state. According to the process freezing method, the processes in the background operation state are obtained by monitoring the operation states of the processes in real time, and the background processes are frozen so as to release the memory space, so that the operation speed of the mobile terminal is higher, and the power consumption is reduced.

The invention discloses an output-only linear time-varying structure modal parameter identification method and belongs to the technical field of structural dynamics. Firstly, a cost function of a least squares support vector machine vector time-varying autoregressive model is deduced; secondly, a function space is built by means of a Wendland compactly supported radial basis function; a regular factor is determined through the non-parameter method based on Gamma testing, and a basis function width reduction coefficient is given on the basis of actual experiences; a time-varying autoregressive model order is determined according to the Bayesian information criterion and the Akaike information criterion; a function space order is determined according to the ratio of residual sum of squares to sequence sum of squares; finally, the matrix expression of the least squares support vector machine vector time-varying autoregressive model is solved according to the cost function, modal frequency of a system is solved according to a time freezing method, and linear time-varying structure modal parameter identification is finished. The method can improve calculation efficiency, improves system robustness, and is widely used in linear time-varying structure modal identification in structural dynamic engineering application.

The continual casting directional solidification method for TiAl-base alloy plate comprises, putting TiAl alloy material bar 3 and dummy ingot 4 with rectangular intersection into the electromagnetic induction range of coil 6, galvanizing to coil 6 with single-phase alternating current with power of 75~100kW from electrical power for 20~25min; the alloy bar 3 and ingot 4 move downward with velocity of 0.01-0.05mm/min and get into the bottom crystallizer 8. This invention overcomes the limit to rectangular intersection blank and fits to press for high performance material in economy, science and national defense industry.

The invention relates to the field of biology and provides a freezing medium for induced pluripotent stem cells, application of the freezing medium, and a freezing method of the induced pluripotent stem cells. The freezing medium uses an IMDM/F12 basal medium as substrate; each 100mL of the freezing medium comprises, by volume concentration, 2-20v/v% of DMSO, 0.5-5v/v% of dextran 40, 0.5-5v/v% of albumin, 1ng-1000ng of Thiazovivin, and the balance of IMDM/F12 basal medium. The freezing medium uses no animal serum, thus the risk of serum spreading of animal-origin pathogens is avoided. In addition, freezing with the freezing medium is more effective, and post-thawing survival rate of the cells is higher. After three months of freezing, the survival rate of thawed iPS (induced pluripotent stem) cells frozen with the freezing medium is higher than 91%, which is evidently higher than that of traditional freezing medium.

Provided is a preparing method of aperture-adjustable graphene aerogel. The graphene aerogel is prepared from graphene oxide through a reduction freezing method and has the advantages that the aperture adjustable range is 5-240 micron, the highest elasticity modulus is 327 kPa, and organic solvents can be absorbed. A freezing device used in the freezing step is composed of a cooling system and a temperature measuring system, the reduction freezing temperature interval is -10 DEG C to -196 DEG C, and the temperature is lowered by 0.2-20 DEG C every second. Ice crystals are used as the templatefor precisely adjusting the appearance of the aerogel, and the graphene aerogel with different apertures is obtained. The small-aperture graphene aerogel prepared under the high-speed freezing condition has extremely high mechanical performance and heat conduction and electric conduction performance and can be used in the catalysis and battery fields. The large-aperture graphene aerogel prepared under the low-speed freezing condition has extremely high oriented adsorption performance and can be used for sewage treatment. The superlarge-aperture graphene aerogel prepared under the superlow-speed freezing condition has extremely high compression and resilience performance and can be used for a pressure sensor.

The invention discloses a freezing method of pig sperms. Unexpectedly, the DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) completeness and the in vitro fertilization (IVF) rate of unfrozen pig sperms can be obviously improved by using 9(w/v)% of low-density albumin for treatment during the freezing process.

This invention relates to the arsenide gallium single-crystal growth with level three temperature areas gradient concretion method, the character as follows: the furnace where the single-crystal grows is not moved; the temperature of high temperature T1 decreases gradually according to the single-crystal shaping point temperature, and the decreasing rate inosculates to the single-crystal growth rate.

The invention discloses a pneumatic circulation freezing type natural gas hydrate wire-line coring drilling tool and a coring method. The drilling tool is composed of an inner pipe assembly and an outer pipe assembly. Dry ice is adopted by the drilling tool to serve as a cold source, ethyl alcohol serves as a secondary refrigerant, high-pressure carbon dioxide generated when the dry ice is mixed with the ethyl alcohol is used for pushing the ethyl alcohol to flow circularly, the freezing energy is transmitted to a freezing cavity continuously from a cold storage cavity where the dry ice is located, and quick core freezing is achieved; a hole bottom freezing method and a wire-line coring process are combined, quick coring can be achieved without lifting the drilling tool, an inner pipe does not rotate in the drilling process, and mechanical disturbance of aquo-complex cores is reduced. The pneumatic circulation freezing type natural gas hydrate wire-line coring drilling tool is reasonable in structure, high in freezing efficiency and simple in operation process.

The invention provides a growing method for an indium phosphide single crystal. The method comprises the following steps: using a vertical gradient freeze method for heating indium phosphide seed, indium phosphide polycrystal, diboron trioxide and red phosphorus, and growing crystals to obtain the indium phosphide single crystal, wherein the red phosphorus takes up 0.05-0.1% of the total mass of the indium phosphide polycrystal, the diboron trioxide and the red phosphorus. By the provided growing method, the indium phosphide single crystal with substantially lower dislocation density can be obtained without adding dopant such as ferrum or sulfur, thereby simplifying the technology and saving the cost; moreover, the few red phosphorus (only one tenth of the dosage of the red phosphorus in the prior art) is used in the preparation method, thereby reducing the danger during the production. It is shown by experiments that the average dislocation density of the indium phosphide single crystal obtained by the provided growing method is 2000-4000/cm2, with the local dislocation density being less than 500/cm2. The invention further provides a growing device of the indium phosphide single crystal.

A liquid crystal module comprises at least a liquid crystal panel with a display side and a liquid crystal side corresponding to each other, wherein at least one portion of the liquid crystal side is a heating portion, such that the heating portion can be driven to heat the liquid crystal side when the temperature of the environmental is under a liquid crystal working temperature. In addition, a liquid crystal anti-freeze method for the liquid crystal module is disclosed.

The cold carrier freezing method freezes by means of establishing electric field in unfrozen cooling liquid. A kind of food freezing equipment possesses: freezing tank holding unfrozen cooling liquid; motor driven cooling liquid driving part inside the freezing tank; motor driven frozen matter elevator inside the freezing tank to support the frozen food; and freezing machine driven by motor to cool the cooling liquid. The present invention features the high-potential electric field generator to establish electric field in cooling liquid, electrical insualtor to support the equipment and for the motor to install on and electrically insulating belt to output the power of the motor.

The invention provides a stem cell freezing medium and a freezing method of stem cells. The freezing medium contains dimethyl sulfoxide and hydroxyethyl starch and has great clinical application value. The invention also provides the freezing method of stem cells.The stem cell freezing medium in the invention is adopted by the method.In the invention,the cells frozen with the stem cell freezing medium has the advantage of high recovery/survival rate.

The invention relates to a method for producing a monocrystalline or polycrystalline semiconductor material by way of directional solidification, wherein lumpy semiconductor raw material is introduced into a melting crucible and melted therein and directionally solidified, in particular using the vertical gradient freeze method.

In order to prevent contamination and damage, the semiconductor raw material is melted from the upper end of the melting crucible. The molten material trickles downward, so that semiconductor raw material which has not yet melted gradually slumps in the melting crucible. In this case, the additional semiconductor raw material is replenished to the melting crucible from above onto a zone of semiconductor raw material which has not yet melted or is not completely melted, in order at least partly to compensate for a volumetric shrinkage of the semiconductor raw material and to increase the filling level of the crucible.

In order to reduce the melting-on time and to influence the thermal conditions in the system as little as possible, the semiconductor raw material to be replenished is heated by the purposeful introduction of heat to a temperature below the melting temperature of the semiconductor raw material and introduced into the container in the heated state.

The invention discloses a freezer with the adjustable freezing section length and a freezing method for the freezer. The freezer comprises a liquid supplying pipe, a liquid returning pipe, an auxiliary pipe, an inner freezing pipe, an outer freezing pipe and a plurality of annular separation boards, wherein the inner freezing pipe is arranged inside the outer freezing pipe, wherein the top end of the inner freezing pipe and the top end of the outer freezing pipe are simultaneously sealed by an upper sealing plate; the bottom end of the outer freezing pipe is sealed by a lower sealing plate; the bottom of the inner freezing pipe and the bottom of the outer freezing pipe are communicated; the annular separation boards are arranged in a cavity formed by the inner freezing pipe and the outer freezing pipe along the axial direction at intervals; a plurality of one-way valves are uniformly arranged on each annular separation board; the liquid supplying pipe and the liquid returning pipe extend into the inner freezing pipe from the outside; the liquid supplying pipe downwards extends to the bottom of the inner freezing pipe; the auxiliary pipe extends into the cavity formed by the inner freezing pipe and the outer freezing pipe from the outside; a base cone is arranged at the bottom end of the outer freezing pipe. According to the freezer and the freezing method, the effective utilization rate of refrigerating capacity is greatly improved, and the starting power of a refrigerating station is reduced. Compared with a general freezer, the freezer disclosed by the invention is more environment-friendly, economic, energy-saving and efficient.

The invention provides a refrigeration and freezing device and a freezing method thereof. The refrigeration and freezing device comprises a liner, a refrigeration system, an interference device and an ultrasonic generation device, wherein a storage chamber for storing frozen foods is limited in the liner; the refrigeration system is configured to be controlled to supply cooling capacity to the storage chamber, so that the temperature of the storage chamber is reduced to and kept at a crystallization point temperature first preset time of the frozen foods, and then, is reduced to and kept at a preset preservation temperature of the frozen foods; the interference device is configured to be started to interfere the frozen foods after the temperature in the storage chamber is reduced to the crystallization point temperature first preset time, and works for a second preset time; and the ultrasonic generation device is configured to be started to apply ultrasonic waves to the frozen foods when the interference device is stopped working, and works for a third preset time. The refrigeration and freezing device and the freezing method thereof excellently preserve the cell integrity of the foods in the freezing process, and perfectly guarantee the freezing quality of such foods as meat loafs.

A ground freezing method and apparatus compensates for geothermal gradients by supplying more refrigerant to deeper parts of the earth. One or more metal freeze pipes are installed in a bore and equipped with one or more feed pipes. The feed pipes extend to different depths with the longer feed pipes being larger to supply more refrigerant to greater depths and achieve uniform top to bottom ground freezing despite the effects of geothermal gradients.