45results about How to "Inhibition of crystallinity" patented technology

The invention provides a composite solid electrolyte, and can solve the problem that the interface of inorganic solid electrolyte and metallic lithium in a solid battery is unstable and low in contact. The composite solid electrolyte is an inorganic oxide electrolyte plate modified with a mixture electrolyte layer used for a surface, and the mixture electrolyte layer is a mixture of a polymer matrix, an alkali metal salt and a sulfide. The invention also provides a preparation method of the composite solid electrolyte, the composite solid electrolyte stable for the metallic lithium can be obtained, and the production cost is reduced.

The invention relates to a blue light emitting functional material and the application, which relates to star shooting shape oligomer blue light emitting functional material and the application. The material is monodisperse star shooting shape oligomer on the basis of minami carbazolyl element, the oligomer has the structure of a general formula 1, the material contains minami carbazolyl element, has monodisperse star shooting shape three-dimensional space structure, is easy to form stable amorphous state, and displays excellent filming property and light emitting property. The material has potential application in the fields such as organic electroluminescence, organic laser, organic non-linear optical material and the like. Particularly, organic electroluminescent devices which utilize the functional material to be blue luminescent material have improved luminescent brightness, device efficiency, color purity and spectroscopic stability.

The invention provides a compound polymer electrolyte material, a preparation method thereof, an electrolyte membrane and an all-solid-state lithium secondary battery. The electrolyte material is prepared from a polymer matrix, alkali metal salt and sulfide inorganic electrolyte. The sulfide inorganic electrolyte is prepared from lithium-ion conductors with the general formulas in formula I(Li4-x1Ge1-x1Px1S4), the formula II (Li10+x2G1+x2P2-x2S12) and the formula III (Li3+5x3P1-x3S4) or Li2S-M type lithium-ion conductors. In the formula I, x1 is larger than 0 and smaller than 1; in the formula II, x2 is equal to 0 or 1, and G is selected from Si, Ge or Sn; in the formula III, x3 is larger than 3 and smaller than 0.27. M is selected from the compound of P2S5 and D. D is selected from one or more of LiI, Li3PO4, Li4SiO4, P2O5 and P2S3. The compound polymer electrolyte material has high lithium stability, an electromechanical window and high electric conductivity.

The invention discloses stable phytosterol nanometer emulsion compounded by soy protein-stevioside, and a preparation method and application thereof. The method comprises the steps of mixing a soy isolate protein solution and a stevioside solution to prepare a composite stable system; dissolving phytosterol into sunflower seed oil being 90 to 99 DEG C to obtain an oil phase; adding thw oil phase dissolved with the phytosterol into a water phase of soy protein-stevioside; controlling the mass ratio of the oil phase to the water phase to be 10:90-50:50; after the homogenizing, performing ultrasonic treatment or high-pressure micro jet flow treatment to obtain the stable phytosterol nanometer emulsion compounded by soy protein-stevioside. A powder product with high redissolving performance loaded with phytosterol can be prepared through spray drying treatment on the nanometer emulsion. The process conditions are simple and mild; the natural effect and safety are realized; the fast continuous production can be performed; products applied to food, medicine and cosmetics can be prepared through operating and controlling the process conditions; the industrialized and scaled application values are realized.

This invention relates to an optical glass without doubt in ecology, being provided in the following application fields: imaging, sensor, microscope, medicine technology, digital projector, photoetching technology, laser technology, wafer or chip technology, communication, optical communication technology and optics or illumination in the automobile field, wherein the optical class comprises a refractive index nd which is equal to or more than 1.69 and equal to or less than 1.82, and a abbe value vd which is equal to or more than 3 and equal to or less than 46, being characterized by good chemical stability, excellent crystallizing stability, high transmittivity and the following components (in weight proportion): 20 to 30 weight proportion of SiO2,0.5 to 10 weight proportion of B2O3, 0.5 to 8 weight proportion of Al2O3, 10 to 20 weight proportion of La2O3, 8 to 18 weight proportion of Nb2O5, 8 to 28 weight proportion of CaO, 1 to 8 weight proportion of ZnO, 4 to 12 weight proportion of TiO2, and 0.5 to 6 weight proportion of ZrO2. Meanwhile, beside Ge2O2 with the maximum weight proportion of 8, the optical glass can contain 3 weight proportion of SrO, 8 weight proportion of BaO, 3 weight proportion of Na2O, a common clarification (except arsenic), no more than 5 weight proportion of Ag2O, MgO or Y2O3, WO3, no more than 2 weight proportion of Yb2O3 and / or Ta2O5. Besides, the glass contains no more than 6 weight proportion contents of the P2O5 and F, and no more than 1 weight proportion content of F, the optical glass can further contain less than 2 weight proportion of Gd2O3. The glass is optimized to the glass without PbO, As2O3 and Bi2O3, and does not contain alkalis oxide in the optimized operating method.

Provided is an organic electroluminescent device which is suitable for use in full-color and multicolor panels and shows higher luminous efficiency and better driving stability than organic electroluminescent devices utilizing luminescence from the singlet state. The organic electroluminescent device comprises a substrate 1 and an anode 2, organic layers, and a cathode 8 piled one upon another on the substrate, at least one of the organic layers comprises a light-emitting layer 5 containing a host material and a dopant material, and a compound having 2 to 4 pyrazole structures represented by the following formula I (wherein Ar4 to Ar6 are independently hydrogen or substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon groups or aromatic heterocyclic groups) is used as said host material.

The invention provides a preparation method of a self-support solid-state multi-component mask. The preparation method is characterized in that oil-soluble skincare effective substances are dissolvedin polyvinyl pyrrolidone to serve as the core-layer spinning solution, water-soluble skincare effective substances are dissolved in polyvinyl alcohol to serve as the shell-layer spinning solution, a coaxial electrostatic spinning method is used to load the water-soluble skincare effective substances to the fiber shell layer and load the oil-soluble skincare effective substances to the fiber core layer, and accordingly two or more skincare effective substances different in solubility are loaded into a fiber membrane at the same time, and the mask can have better or various effects. The preparation method is simple in preparation process and easy in component and fiber structure control, and the self-support mask prepared by the method is good in mechanical performance and breathability.

The invention discloses a novel reverse-osmosis scale inhibitor which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2-8 parts of sodium citrate, 33-45 parts of hydrolytic polymaleic anhydride, 28-37 parts of polyepoxysuccinic acid salt, 9-15 parts of urotropine, 13-20 parts of polylactic acid, and 40-50 parts of water. A preparation method comprises the following steps: adding sodium citrate, hydrolytic polymaleic anhydride, polyepoxysuccinic acid salt, urotropine and half of water into a reaction kettle, heating to 40-50 DEG C, and stirring for uniformly dissolving; dissolving polylactic acid with the rest water to obtain a polylactic acid solution; heating the materials in the reaction kettle to 70-75 DEG C, dropwise adding the polylactic acid solution, and keeping the temperature for 3-4h after the dropwise adding is finished; and cooling to room temperature so as to obtain the novel reverse-osmosis scale inhibitor. The novel reverse-osmosis scale inhibitor disclosed by the invention has the scale inhibition rate being up to 95%, is small in adding amount, environmentally friendly, stable in property, and long in storage period, and can be used for solving the problems that existing reverse-osmosis inhibitors mainly are foreign products and are limited in treatment capacity, complex in synthesis, relatively high in production cost, and the like in the prior art.

The invention relates to table rose sauce and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: performing superfine grinding on edible rose petals to obtain rose powder; mixing the rose powder, glucose syrup, white granulated sugar and purified water, adjusting the pH value to be 1.8-2.2 by using citric acid to obtain a mixed solution, and heating the mixed solution to obtain a rose solution with sugar content of not less than 50%; adding pectin and salt into the rose solution, and boiling to obtain rose sauce; sterilizing the rose sauce in a water bath with temperature of 80-85 DEG C to obtain a finished product of rose sauce. According to the preparation method, the technical problems of instable quality and poor sensory quality of rose sauce in the prior art are solved, and the table rose sauce is stable in quality, bright in color, fragrant in smell, comfortable in mouth feel and wide in application range.

The invention provides a polymer electrolyte with a comb-shaped structure. The polymer electrolyte is prepared from a polymer monomer, a lithium salt and a solvent through drying and ultraviolet curing, wherein the polymer monomer comprises polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate with active functional groups on the single side and / or polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate with active functional groups onboth sides; and the lithium oxygen ratio EO / Li+ of the polymer monomer to the lithium salt is 5-30. By designing the polymer intrinsic structure, the molecular chain with the comb-shaped molecular structure is formed; by increasing the free moving volume of the molecular chain at normal temperature, the crystallization degree of the polymer is inhibited, the movement capability of the chain segment of the polymer is improved, and the concentration of the carrier is improved, so that the conductivity of the polymer electrolyte is improved, and stability to metal lithium is achieved. Experimental results show that the ionic conductivity in the polymer electrolyte is 2.5-9.09*10-4S cm-1, and the electrochemical window is 0-5V. The invention further provides an all-solid-state lithium battery.

The invention provides a composite binder as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The composite binder is a polyvinyl alcohol-metal organic salt composite binder, the molar ratio of metal organic salt to hydroxyl in the polyvinyl alcohol is (0.01-0.12): 1. The invention also provides a preparation method of the composite binder. A silicon negative electrode prepared by using the composite binder disclosed by the invention has excellent cycling stability and rate capability; the composite binder is rich in raw material source, simple in technological process, free of high-temperature treatment, low in energy consumption, environmentally friendly, free of emission of three wastes and easy to realize large-scale production.

The invention discloses a polymer electrolyte and a preparation method thereof and a solid-state lithium-air battery. The preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing a metal-organic framework material by adopting a solvothermal method, and mixing the metal-organic framework material with lithium-containing ionic liquid to obtain a composite filler; and taking a polyether polyurethane elastomer as a matrix, and mixing the polyether polyurethane elastomer with the composite filler to obtain the polymer electrolyte. The polymer electrolyte has excellent conductivity and stability,can effectively improve the safety and stability of the solid-state lithium-air battery when being used in the solid-state lithium-air battery, and enables the solid-state lithium-air battery to maintain excellent charge-discharge performance and cycle performance so as to meet the requirements of practical application. By adopting the mode, the composite filler can be loaded on the polyether polyurethane elastomer, and the polymer electrolyte prepared by utilizing the soft segment and the hard segment of the polyether polyurethane elastomer has excellent electrical conductivity and mechanical property, so that the electrical conductivity and the stability of the polymer electrolyte are effectively improved.

The invention provides a reticular polymer, a preparation method thereof, a semi-interpenetrating network polymer electrolyte and a polymer lithium battery, and relates to the technical field of lithium ion batteries. The reticular polymer provided by the invention has a structure as shown in a formula 1. The invention provides a semi-interpenetrating network polymer electrolyte that comprises thereticular polymer, polyoxyethylene and a lithium salt. The semi-interpenetrating network polymer electrolyte provided by the invention has high conductivity and stable interface contact at room temperature, and also has the advantages of excellent film-forming property and good mechanical properties. Results of the embodiment show that the room-temperature conductivity of the semi-interpenetrating network polymer electrolyte provided by the invention can reach 1.242 * 10 <-4 > S / cm, and the impedance of the contact surface with a lithium sheet is small and changes little along with the numberof days. The preparation method of the semi-interpenetrating network polymer electrolyte, provided by the invention, is simple and convenient to operate, mild in condition and low in cost. The invention also provides a polymer lithium battery which has excellent rate capability at room temperature.

The invention discloses cheese ice cream bread and a making method thereof. The bread comprises a bread body and a filling part; the filling part comprises a smear layer and a sprinkled object layer; a notch is formed in the brad body and filled with cheese custard; the smear layer is arranged on the surface layer of the bread body, and the sprinkled object layer is arranged outside the smear layer. In this way, the cheese ice cream bread has the mouthfeel like ice creams and can be frozen, when the bread is eaten in summer, the bread has both the unique soft, fragrant and sweet mouthfeel of the bread and the sticky, smooth and cool mouthfeel like the ice creams, the different mouthfeel is brought to consumers, the consumers can feel full, and bread can relieve summer heat and satisfy an appetite for good food.

The invention relates to a tri-indene-pyrene derivative blue-light emitting material, and a preparation method and application thereof. The material is a polysubstituted compound taking tri-indene as a core and seals the end by pyrene; the general formula structure is shown in the specification, wherein R is alkyl of C1-C12; the material has the characteristics that the material is simple in synthetic process, easy for volume production and easy to purify, and high chemical purity can be obtained by a simple column chromatography method; and the material displays excellent luminescence property, thermal stability, amorphous performance and spectral thermal stability when being applied as a luminescent film material, and has important application potential in the fields such organic electroluminescence and organic laser. In particular, an organic electroluminescence device using the material as the luminescent layer has efficient electroluminescent blue emission, improved color purity and excellent spectrum and apparatus stability; and the material is a blue organic electroluminescent material with practical prospect.

The invention relates to a blue-ray material, in particular to an electron withdrawing end group modified fluorene-pyrene derivative blue-ray material which is a multi-branch fluorenyl derivative with pyrene serving as the core and electron withdrawing end group modified oligomer fluorene serving as branches. The structural general formula is shown in the formula I, wherein R is C1-C20 alkyl, X is an end group selected from one of the groups shown as follows, and n is the number of 9,9-dialkyl-substituted fluorene and is specifically 1, 2 and 3. The electron withdrawing end group modified fluorene-pyrene derivative blue-ray material shows excellent light emission performance, thermal stability, amorphous performance, film forming stability and spectrum thermal stability, and can be used as a luminescent material to be widely applied to organic luminescent devices, especially stable and efficient blue-ray organic electroluminescent devices.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a cellulose particle which is a natural material and has a softness and excellent light scattering properties. Provided are: a particle which has a wrinkled or folded uneven surface structure and comprises cellulose or a cellulose derivative as a main component; and a method for producing the particle. This particle has a softness and excellent light scattering properties and, therefore, is useful in cosmetics.

The invention relates to a saddle-shaped perylene diimide tetramer, and a preparation method and an application thereof. According to the saddle-shaped perylene diimide tetramer provided by the invention, with cyclooctatetetraene as a building unit, the carbon-carbon double bond of the cyclooctatetraene is fused with a heterocyclic group to form a structure which is used as a mother nucleus, and four perylene diimides are coupled at the active site of the heterocyclic group to form a novel perylene diimide tetramer; meanwhile, a perylene diimide tetramer with ring closure through photochemicaloxidation is further provided. The saddle-shaped perylene diimide tetramer provided by the invention solves the technical problems of easy aggregation and low photoelectric conversion efficiency fora conventional perylene diimide derivative, and can be used as an acceptor material to be applied in organic solar cells.

Provided is an organic EL element which has a low light emission ratio of a component that has a wavelength longer than the emission peak wavelength, high luminous efficiency, low driving voltage, long emission life and excellent long-term stability, while being suppressed in voltage increase during the driving. This organic EL element comprises organic layers that are sandwiched between a positive electrode and a negative electrode; and at least one of the organic layers contains a compound that has a structure represented by general formula (1). (In general formula (1), R represents an alkylgroup, a halogen atom, an alkoxy group, an aryloxy group, an alkylthio group, an arylthio group, an acyl group, a sulfinyl group, a sulfonyl group, a nitro group, a cyano group, a hydroxy group or amercapto group; Ar represents an aromatic hydrocarbon group or an aromatic heterocyclic group; X1-L1-X2 represents a bidentate ligand; and two adjacent moieties among R1-R4 moieties represent groups represented by one of general formulae (2)-(4).) (In general formulae (2)-(4), each of Y1-Y4 moieties represents O, S or N-R'; each of Y5 and Y6 moieties represents CR'' or N; and each of Z1-Z8 moieties represents C-Rx or N.) AA General formula

This invention provides an organic electroluminescent element (organic EL element) utilizing phosphorescence which emits light efficiently with high luminance at low current density, shows good driving stability and is applicable to display devices such as flat panel displays and illuminating devices. The element comprises an anode, organic layers and a cathode piled one upon another on a substrate, at least one of the organic layers is a light-emitting layer containing a host material and a dopant material and a pyrazole-derived compound having 2-4 pyrazole structures represented by the following formula I in the same molecule is used as said host material; wherein, Ar1-Ar3 are independently hydrogen or substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon groups and at least one of Ar1-Ar3 is a group other than hydrogen.

The invention relates to a method for improving the low-temperature anti-freezing characteristic of special-grade palm oil. Palm oil with the iodine value being 60+ / -1 serves as a raw material. The iodine value of the palm oil product is increased to be 67-75 through a dry fractionation crystallization technology; crystallization inhibitor diglyceride is added into the palm oil product, mixing is performed under the stirring condition at the temperature of 30-60 DEG C, and the special-grade palm oil product with the anti-freezing performance improved at the low temperature of -10 DEG C to 0 DEG C is obtained. According to the method, dry fractionation crystallization is performed, the iodine value of the obtained palm oil product is 67-75 through combination with the crystallization inhibiting effect of diglyceride, the anti-freezing performance of the product is improved by 1.5 times or higher at the low temperature of -10 DEG C to 0 DEG C and can be improved by 120 times to the highest extent, and the process overall mass yield is 50% or higher. Meanwhile, in the diglyceride preparing process of the method, diglyceride with the purity being 98% or higher can be obtained through a column chromatography method.

The invention provides an unsaturated sulfur-containing composite electrolyte and a preparation method thereof; the unsaturated sulfur-containing composite electrolyte comprises an unsaturated solublesulfide electrolyte as the general formula I, a polymer matrix and a lithium salt; in Li3-xPS4 in formula I, x is greater than 0 and less than 3; the polymer electrolyte comprises a polymer matrix and a lithium salt, wherein the polymer matrix is one or more of polyoxyethylene, polyether, polyvinylidene fluoride, polymethyl methacrylate and polyacrylonitrile. In the composite electrolyte, the unsaturated soluble sulfide electrolyte with the general formula I and the polymer matrix can be mixed uniformly in the level of atoms / molecules, so that the contact area is large, the crystallinity of the polymer matrix is inhibited, the chain segment movement capability of the polymer matrix is improved, and the carrier concentration is increased; and the electrical conductivity of the unsaturatedsoluble sulfide electrolyte is increased, so that the composite electrolyte has relatively high electrical conductivity, relatively high electrochemical stability and a potential window.

The invention discloses a novel reverse-osmosis scale inhibitor which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2-8 parts of sodium citrate, 33-45 parts of hydrolytic polymaleic anhydride, 28-37 parts of polyepoxysuccinic acid salt, 9-15 parts of urotropine, 13-20 parts of polylactic acid, and 40-50 parts of water. A preparation method comprises the following steps: adding sodium citrate, hydrolytic polymaleic anhydride, polyepoxysuccinic acid salt, urotropine and half of water into a reaction kettle, heating to 40-50 DEG C, and stirring for uniformly dissolving; dissolving polylactic acid with the rest water to obtain a polylactic acid solution; heating the materials in the reaction kettle to 70-75 DEG C, dropwise adding the polylactic acid solution, and keeping the temperature for 3-4h after the dropwise adding is finished; and cooling to room temperature so as to obtain the novel reverse-osmosis scale inhibitor. The novel reverse-osmosis scale inhibitor disclosed by the invention has the scale inhibition rate being up to 95%, is small in adding amount, environmentally friendly, stable in property, and long in storage period, and can be used for solving the problems that existing reverse-osmosis inhibitors mainly are foreign products and are limited in treatment capacity, complex in synthesis, relatively high in production cost, and the like in the prior art.

This invention provides an organic electroluminescent element (organic EL element) utilizing phosphorescence which emits light efficiently with high luminance at low current density, shows good driving stability and is applicable to display devices such as flat panel displays and illuminating devices. The element comprises an anode, organic layers and a cathode piled one upon another on a substrate, at least one of the organic layers is a light-emitting layer containing a host material and a dopant material and a pyrazole-derived compound having 2-4 pyrazole structures represented by the following formula I in the same molecule is used as said host material;wherein, Ar1-Ar3 are independently hydrogen or substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon groups and at least one of Ar1-Ar3 is a group other than hydrogen.

The invention relates to a preparation method of a nanometer suspensions of a moderate hydrophobic medicine, and belongs to the technical field of production of nanometer medicine agents. The preparation method comprises the following steps of dissolving the moderate hydrophobic medicine and a hydrophobic end functionalizing type amphiphilic block copolymer into an organic solvent which is mutually dissolved into water; quickly jetting and blending the solution and water with certain pH (potential of hydrogen) value, and enabling the medicine and the block copolymer to generate ionizing to produce opposite charges, so as to form a complex, thereby greatly reducing the apparent hydrophobic property of the medicine; instantaneously separating out together with the block copolymer, so as to prepare the nanometer suspensions of the medicine. The nanometer suspensions has the characteristics that the average particle size is small, the medicine carrying amount is overhigh, the size stabilizing time is long, and the single dispersivity is good.

The invention relates to a battery electrode and a low-carbon low-energy-consumption preparation method and application thereof, which belong to the field of batteries. The invention provides a preparation method of a battery electrode, which comprises the following steps of uniformly mixing a positive electrode or negative electrode active material, a conductive filler and a polymer solution to prepare functional electrode slurry, and coating the functional electrode slurry on the surface of a current collector to obtain a positive electrode or a negative electrode. The polymer solution comprises multi-component polymer adhesive molecules and a solvent, the polymer comprises polyvinylidene fluoride and a second component, and the solvent is a low-boiling-point poor solvent of polyvinylidene fluoride; and the second component is a macromolecular substance which can be mutually attracted with the polyvinylidene fluoride so as to expand the molecular chain conformation of the polyvinylidene fluoride. According to the composite electrode prepared by the method, the active material, the conductive agent and the polymer are more uniformly distributed in the whole composite material after being dried; and uniform regulation and control of ion and electron transport networks around the active particles are realized.

The invention provides an unsaturated sulfur-containing composite electrolyte and a preparation method thereof. The unsaturated sulfur-containing composite electrolyte includes an unsaturated soluble sulfide electrolyte of the general formula shown in formula I, a polymer matrix and a lithium salt; Li 3‑x P.S. 4 , Formula I, where 0

The invention provides a preparation method of a self-support solid-state multi-component mask. The preparation method is characterized in that oil-soluble skincare effective substances are dissolvedin polyvinyl pyrrolidone to serve as the core-layer spinning solution, water-soluble skincare effective substances are dissolved in polyvinyl alcohol to serve as the shell-layer spinning solution, a coaxial electrostatic spinning method is used to load the water-soluble skincare effective substances to the fiber shell layer and load the oil-soluble skincare effective substances to the fiber core layer, and accordingly two or more skincare effective substances different in solubility are loaded into a fiber membrane at the same time, and the mask can have better or various effects. The preparation method is simple in preparation process and easy in component and fiber structure control, and the self-support mask prepared by the method is good in mechanical performance and breathability.

The invention provides a degradable flexible 3D printing material as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The degradable flexible 3D printing material is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40 to 90 parts of PBAT, 5 to 15 parts of polylactic acid, 3 to 8 parts of polycaprolactone, 5 to 15 parts of modified starch, 0.1 to 2 parts of maleic anhydride grafted polylactic acid, 3 to 5 parts of PEG and 1 to 3 parts of compatibilizer. The flexible 3D printing material has the advantages of being capable of being completely degraded, good in compatibility, low in thermal expansion rate, good in flexibility and the like, the printing temperature is low and the printing precision and the printing success rate are high during 3D printing, the 3D printing requirements of FDM equipment can be well met, printed products have good flexibility and rebound resilience, and the application range is wide.

The invention provides a network polymer and a preparation method thereof, a semi-interpenetrating network polymer electrolyte and a polymer lithium battery, and relates to the technical field of lithium ion batteries. The network polymer provided by the present invention has the structure shown in formula 1. The invention provides a semi-interpenetrating network polymer electrolyte, including the network polymer, polyethylene oxide and lithium salt. The semi-interpenetrating network polymer electrolyte provided by the invention has high electrical conductivity at room temperature and stable interfacial contact, and also has the advantages of excellent film-forming properties and good mechanical properties. The results of the examples show that the room temperature conductivity of the semi-interpenetrating network polymer electrolyte provided by the present invention can reach 1.242×10 ‑4 S / cm, the impedance of the contact surface with the lithium sheet is small and changes little with the number of days. The invention provides a preparation method of the semi-interpenetrating network polymer electrolyte, which has simple and convenient operation, mild conditions and low cost. The invention also provides a polymer lithium battery with excellent rate performance at room temperature.