The invention provides a
somatic embryogenesis-based
aralia elata tetraploid efficient
induction method. The method comprises the following steps: taking an
aralia elata terminal
bud as an explant to induce a
callus; after multiple times of subculture, taking the
callus and inducing to generate somatic embryos; after the somatic embryos are cultured and treated by 0.02%
colchicine for 3 days, the somatic embryos are continuously cultured and induced to generate embryogenic calluses, the somatic embryos are differentiated after proliferation, and regenerated plants are obtained after the somatic embryos are mature. When the regenerated
plant grows to 5-10cm, taking the diploid
aralia elata
plant as a contrast, utilizing a
flow cytometry to preliminarily detect the doubled
plant, taking the
root tip of the doubled plant to identify the number of chromosomes, and screening out the
aralia elata tetraploid plant. The morphology of tetraploid and diploid
tissue culture seedling and soil culture
seedling plants is observed and compared, and it is found that compared with diploid
tissue culture seedlings and soil culture seedlings, the tetraploid plants grow shorter on the whole and have thicker stems; the leaves of the tetraploid
aralia elata tissue culture seedlings and soil culture seedlings are wider and shorter, the color is darker, and the leaf cracks are more obvious. According to the technical
system, the highest induction rate of the
aralia elata tetraploid can reach 17.26%, and tetraploid nursery stocks can be obtained after 6 months.