The invention discloses an application of a dry curcumin nano-powder inhalant in treatment of acute lung injury. The dry curcumin nano-powder inhalant is prepared from a curcumin nanometer administration system. The dosage form of the curcumin nanometer administration system is selected from a liposome, a nano-particle, a nano-emulsion and a micro-emulsion. The curcumin nanometer administration system with or without auxiliary materials is dried to form a solid powder, and the solid powder is mixed with a carrier to obtain the dry curcumin nano-powder inhalant. The dry curcumin nano-powder inhalant has the advantages of stable drugs, easy entrance of the deep portion of lung tissues, targeted positioning, carrying and use convenience, and benefiting for the treatment of the acute lung injury. The dry curcumin nano-powder inhalant is used for treating acute lung injury caused by infection, shock, smoking, wounds, poisoning, irritating gas inhalation, radiation, high oxygen and low oxygen. Irritating gases comprise phosgene, diphosgene, triphosgene, chlorine, nitrogen oxide, formaldehyde, dimethyl sulfate, hydrogen chloride, hydrogen bromide, hydrogen fluoride, ammonia, ozone and sulfur dioxide.