45results about How to "Conducive to mass transfer and diffusion" patented technology

The invention discloses a spherical mesoporous carbon nitride photocatalyst with a multistage nano structure and a preparation method and application thereof and belongs to the technical field of material preparation and photocatalysis. The spherical mesoporous carbon nitride photocatalyst with the multistage nano structure is prepared by using cyanamide as a precursor, using spherical mesoporous silicon dioxide with a highly open structure as a hard template, carrying out thermal thermal polymerization and removing the hard template. The spherical mesoporous carbon nitride prepared by the preparation method has the characteristic that nanosheet or nanosheet-like small particles are uniformly diffused around from the sphere center to form a spherical micro nano structure of which the surface structure is highly open; compared with conventional bulk phase carbon nitride, the spherical mesoporous carbon nitride photocatalyst can obviously improve the specific surface area and the mass transfer effect and has efficient photocatalytic hydrogen production performance in the visible light. The spherical mesoporous carbon nitride photocatalyst adopts a simple synthetic process, has high catalysis efficiency and has wide application prospect in the field of catalysis / photocatalysis.

The invention discloses a synthesis method of nano fibrous mordenite. In the method, a silicon source, an aluminium source, inorganic acid and deionized water are utilized as reaction raw materials. The method comprises: adding a proper amount of molecular sieve seed crystal into the reaction raw materials; crystallizing for 30-160 hours at generated pressure under the hydrothermal condition of crystallization temperature of 130-200 DEG C; and synthetizing mordenite with high crystallinity. The synthetized mordenite has a regular c-axis lengthening fibrous feature, the width of the synthetized mordenite is 20-100 nanometers, and the length of the synthetized mordenite is 1-8 micronmeters. The synthesis method has the characteristics of environmental friendliness, simple process, pure crystal phase, high crystallinity, good repeatability and the like and is suitable for mass production.

The invention discloses a method for absorbing and separating light hydrocarbons from dry gas or industrial tail gas by utilizing an ionic liquid. The ionic liquid or a mixed solvent of the ionic liquid and a molecular solvent is taken as an absorbent to be in contact with the dry gas or the industrial tail gas, an absorption liquid containing the light hydrocarbons is obtained by absorption and the light hydrocarbons are further obtained by desorption and separation; and the light hydrocarbons are alkanes or olefins which mainly contain C2-C4. The invention provides the method for absorbing and separating the light hydrocarbons from the dry gas or the industrial tail gas by utilizing the ionic liquid. The ionic liquid or the mixed solvent of the ionic liquid and the molecular solvent is taken as the absorbent, an absorption-desorption method is adopted for recovery and separation of the light hydrocarbons, and the absorbent has very high solubility of the light hydrocarbons and separation selectivity, so that efficient separation and recovery of the light hydrocarbons can be realized and the highest comprehensive recovery rate can achieve 98.5%.

The invention discloses a high activity and carbon deposition resistant catalyst for the reforming of dry methane gas and a preparation method thereof. Specifically, stable sol with a nano laminated structure is prepared through a precipitation method; then a second component is in-situ coated; and after drying, burning, and reduction-activating, the catalyst with a nano laminated coated structureis obtained. The catalyst has high activity in the reforming reactions of dry methane gas, has a strong carbon deposition resistant performance, can continuously play a catalyst role at a temperatureof 400 to 900 DEG C, and is resistant to inactivation. The raw materials are easily available, the technology is simple, and the catalyst can also be applied to reforming of methane water steam, carbon dioxide assisted dehydrogenation of ethane and propane, and water-gas shift reaction.

The invention discloses a method for absorbing and separating light hydrocarbon from dry gas or industrial tail gas. The method comprises the following steps: allowing a deep eutectic solvent used as an absorbent to contact with the dry gas or the industrial tail gas, carrying out absorption so as to obtain an absorption solution containing the light hydrocarbon, and subjecting the absorption solution to desorption and separation so as to obtain the light hydrocarbon, wherein the light hydrocarbon mainly contains C2-C4 alkane or olefin. According to the invention, the deep eutectic solvent is used as the absorbent, and an absorption-desorption method is adopted to recycle and separate the light hydrocarbon, wherein the absorbent has significantly high light hydrocarbon solubility and separation selectivity, so highly-efficient separation and recycling of the light hydrocarbon can be realized.

The invention relates to a modified Co-Ce core-shell structure catalyst for carbon monoxide (CO) low-temperature oxidation, and aims to solve the problems that when the conventional core-shell structure Co3O4-CeO2 catalyst is utilized for a CO low-temperature oxidation reaction, the porosity rate of a Co3O4 core material is relatively low, an adverse effect is caused on CO and O2 mass transfer diffusion to a reactant, and the mass transfer diffusion resistance of the conventional core-shell structure is relatively high. The modified Co-Ce core-shell structure catalyst being large in specific surface area, high in porosity rate and large in contact interface is obtained by preparing a core-shell structure material Co3O4-CeO2 through self-assembly and carrying out modification through formic acid treatment; through adoption of the modified Co-Ce core-shell structure catalyst, the capabilities of mass transfer diffusion to the reactant and adsorption-activation are effectively improved; through utilization of the oxygen storage and transfer capabilities of CeO2, the activity of the CO low-temperature oxidation reaction is effectively improved. The modified Co-Ce core-shell structure catalyst comprises 35-55wt% of Co3O4 and 45-65wt% of CeO2.

The invention discloses a catalyst used for CO2 hydrogenation to directly produce gasoline and a preparation method and an application of the catalyst. The catalyst includes a nano metal oxide and a ZSM-5 molecular sieve, wherein the nano metal oxide accounts for 20-80 mass% of the composite catalyst while the ZSM-5 molecular sieve accounts for 20-80 mass% of same. The nano metal oxide includes In2O3, ZnO and ZrO2. The catalyst has excellent catalytic performance and high CO2 conversion rate and is high in selectivity on hydrocarbon compounds in a target product gasoline, wherein C5+ in the hydrocarbon products can reach up to more than 80.2%, while the selectivity on byproducts, CH4 and CO, is low. The catalyst has good reaction stability and is low in cost, simple in preparation and easyto produce in industrialization.

The invention relates to a manufacturing technology for processable sill like ceramic. The feature is that it uses Ta powder, Al powder and C powder as raw material, taking ball milling for 5-15 hours, pressing to cake shape under 10-20MPa, encasing into graphite mold, heating to 1100-1600 degree centigrade in hot-pressing furnace at 2-50 degree centigrade per minutes under protection of noble gas, taking home position hot pressing / solid-liquid phase reacting for 0.5-4 hours, the hot pressing pressure is 20-40MPa. The invention could compound high purity, high intension, and corrosion proof tantalum aluminum carbon block material at low temperature and in short tie. The material could be used in the environment temperature over 1000 degree centigrade.

The invention discloses a residual oil hydrodemetallization catalyst and a preparation method thereof. The method comprises the following steps: (1) impregnating an impregnation liquid I containing afirst active metal component in a physical pore-enlarging agent, and then drying to prepare a modified physical pore-enlarging agent; (2) mixing, kneading and molding the modified physical pore-enlarging agent obtained in the step (1), pseudo-boehmite and a second active metal component source, drying and roasting to obtain a modified aluminum oxide carrier SI; (3) immersing the modified alumina carrier SI obtained in the step (2) into an ammonium bicarbonate solution, then carrying out sealed heat treatment, and drying and roasting a material obtained through heat treatment to obtain a modified alumina carrier SII; and (4) impregnating the modified alumina carrier SII obtained in the step (3) with an impregnation liquid II containing a third active component, and carrying out drying and roasting so as to obtain the hydrodemetallization catalyst. The hydrodemetallization catalyst prepared by the method has high activity and activity stability when used as a heavy oil hydrodemetallization catalyst.

The invention discloses a method for preparing rare-earth transition metal composite oxide porous hollow spheres and belongs to the field of inorganic nanometer materials and heterogeneous catalysis.The method comprises the following steps: 1, dissolving a rare-earth metal source and a transition metal source in a polyol medium, and synthesizing a solid spherical alkoxide precursor with excellentdispersion by adopting a solvothermal method; and 2, performing heat treatment on the precursor under specific conditions, and synthesizing the rare-earth transition metal composite oxide porous hollow spheres based on an unbalanced heat treatment method. The method disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the raw material price is low, the hollow structure material is directly obtained, and the prepared rare-earth transition metal composite oxide porous hollow spheres have the advantages of being uniform in metal element dispersion, controllable in composition and size, capable ofrealizing porous distribution of the shell layer and controllable in thickness; and when the hollow spheres are applied to a catalytic reaction, the contact area between the substrate molecule and catalytic active sites can be greatly enlarged, the interface synergy among different components of the rare-earth transition metal oxides contributes to transmission of reactive oxygen species at the heterogenous interface and transfer of electrons, and the activity of the catalytic oxidation reaction is obviously improved.

The invention relates to a magnetic mesoporous material and a preparation method thereof, and the magnetic mesoporous material has ordered short channels, clear appearance and uniform particle size. The method comprises the following steps: in the traditional basic system of synthetic mesoporous materials, adding nano-magnetic particles which are coated with silicon dioxide on the surfaces and take ferroferric oxide as magnetic inner cores, regulating the pH value of a reaction solution, and successfully preparing the magnetic mesoporous material with the ordered short channels and the clear appearance. The magnetic mesoporous material can be applied to bio-separation, drug carriers and chemical catalysis.

The invention discloses a low-temperature petroleum coke negative electrode material coated with nitrogenous polymer pyrolytic carbon on the surface and a preparation method of the low-temperature petroleum coke negative electrode material. The composite negative electrode material comprises low-temperature petroleum coke as an active substance and the nitrogenous polymer pyrolytic carbon as a surface coating layer. A lithium-ion battery of using the prepared composite petroleum coke negative electrode material has the characteristics of high specific capacity, good cycle performance and the like, the specific capacity of the composite material is higher than the theoretical specific capacity of 372 mA.h.g<-1> of a graphite negative electrode material and the stable capacity can reach over 400 mA.h.g<-1>; the composite material has good cycle performance and the capacity retention ratio after 300 cycles can still be kept at about 60%-90%; and the method disclosed by the invention has the advantages of being simple in operation, low in cost, friendly to environment and high in capacity.

The invention discloses a microbial fuel cell with a photocatalytic material loaded on a positive electrode and a preparation method and application of the microbial fuel cell, and belongs to the technical field of environment water pollution treatment and energy recovery. The photocatalytic material is loaded on the positive electrode of the microbial fuel cell, a negative electrode is an air electrode; and a resistor is connected between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. The preparation method comprises the following steps: dissolving the photocatalytic material, coating onthe surface of a carbon electrode, heating to obtain the carbon electrode loaded with the photocatalytic material, taking the carbon electrode as the positive electrode and the air electrode as the negative electrode, connecting the resistor between the positive electrode and the negative electrode; connecting the positive electrode, the negative electrode and the resistor in series, putting in areactor, and forming the microbial fuel cell with the photocatalytic material loaded on the positive electrode. The microbial fuel cell with the photocatalytic material loaded on the positive electrode can rapidly thoroughly degrade the organic matters like chlorophenols, and the electricity generation performance of the fuel cell is improved.

The invention relates to a method used for controllable synthesis of a hierarchical pore metal oxide catalyst with bacterial cellulose, and belongs to the field of catalyst preparation. According to the method, sol-gel method is adopted, a bacterial cellulose pore forming agent is added into a mixed metal salt solution, oxide aperture distribution can be regulated and controlled to prepare the hierarchical pore metal oxide catalyst through simple changing of the adding ratio of bacterial cellulose and sugar content. The biological pore forming agent is adopted to prepare the hierarchical poremetal oxide catalyst, the synthesis technology is simple, the steps are simple and clear, a hierarchical pore structure can be formed through direct roasting without modification, and the aperture isadjustable, it is beneficial for mass transfer diffusion of reactants and products, and relatively large specific surface area is achieved. The aperture distribution of the hierarchical pore oxide canbe regulated and controlled through simple changing of the adding ratio of bacterial cellulose and sugar content, compared with regulation of the aperture distribution of the hierarchical pore oxidewith a plurality of template agents (microporous, mesoporous, and macroporous template agents) at the same time in the prior art, the advantages are that: the synthesis method is simple and convenient, the raw materials are widely available, the cost is low, the energy consumption is low, and large scale production can be realized.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a Cu-SSZ-13 molecular sieve with a hollow structure and a method for selectively catalyzing NH3 to reduce NO. The preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly, performing one-step hydrothermal crystallization on gel formed by fully mixing a silicon source, an aluminum source, an inorganic alkali, a microporous template agent and an organic additive to directly prepare a hollow single crystal SSZ-13 molecular sieve; then respectively carrying out NH4 <+> and Cu <2+> ion exchange, centrifugal washing, drying and roasting to prepare a Cu-SSZ-13 molecular sieve with a hollow structure; and finally, under the catalytic action of the Cu-SSZ-13 molecular sieve with a hollow structure, selectively reducing NO into N2 by taking NH3 as a reducing agent. The SSZ-13 molecular sieve with the hollow structure is prepared through a one-step hydrothermal method, and compared with a traditional two-step acid-alkali treatment method, the SSZ-13 molecular sieve is more economical, simpler and more efficient; meanwhile, in the NO reduction reaction, mass transfer diffusion of all reaction molecules is facilitated, so that the NO reduction activity is effectively improved, the active window is widened, and the catalyst is more suitable for the NO reduction reaction under a high space velocity condition.

The invention dislcoses a cadmium trngstate-modified silver / silver iodide composite material, and a preparation method and application thereof. The composite material is prepared from cadmium trngstate and a silver / silver iodide material, wherein the silver / silver iodide material is loaded on the cadmium trngstate, and is formed by Ag nano-particles and silver iodide. The preparation method comprises preparation of silver iodide / cadmium trngstate and in situ photoreduction preparation of an Ag @ AgI / CdWO4 composite material. The composite material has the advantages of wide visible light absorption range, high absorption strength, high efficiency of photogenerated charge conduction and separation, good photocatalytic performance, high stability and photocorrosion resistance, and the like;the preparation method of the composite material has the advantages of easy control on reaction conditions, simple operation method, no use of any organic solvent, no secondary pollution, good environmental protection beneficit and the like; when the composite material is used for treating dye wastewater and antibiotic wastewater, the advantages of high removal rate, quick removal rate, convenientoperation, low cost, no secondary pollution, and the like are achieved.

The invention relates to a split-flow reconstruction type fuel cell bipolar plate. The split-flow reconstruction type fuel cell bipolar plate comprises two metal polar plates arranged in a laminated manner; one surface of each metal polar plate is provided with a first flow channel area, the other surface of each metal polar plate is provided with a second flow channel area; the two metal polar plates are relatively overlapped, so that the second flow channel areas are overlapped to form a cooling liquid flow channel; each first flow channel area comprises a plurality of rows of unidirectional flow channels which are arranged in parallel; each unidirectional flow channel comprises a main flow channel and a plurality of auxiliary flow channels, the main flow channel is of a wavy broken line structure, one end of each auxiliary flow channel is connected with a bending angle of the main flow channel, and the other end of each auxiliary flow channel is connected with the middle of a bending section of the bending angle in an airflow outlet direction. Compared with the prior art, the split-flow reconstruction type fuel cell bipolar plate has the advantages of improving the diffusion efficiency of gas, improving the drainage effect and the like.

The invention discloses a low-temperature copper-based core-shell catalyst for preparing methanol through CO2 hydrogenation and a preparation method of the low-temperature copper-based core-shell catalyst. The copper-based core-shell catalyst is prepared by taking a copper-zinc oxide hollow sphere as a metal framework through a sol-assisted method. The preparation method of the catalyst is simple, conditions are easy to control, the repeatability is good, and the preparation cost is low. According to the catalyst disclosed by the invention, due to close contact between the core and the shell, the interaction between the core and the shell is increased, and complementary chemical properties are formed, so that the bonding strength of CO2 and the catalyst is promoted, and the catalyst has relatively low reaction temperature, relatively high catalytic activity and relatively high methanol selectivity in the process of catalyzing CO2 hydrogenation to prepare methanol.

The invention provides a method for preparing a lithium adsorbent through in-situ growth on Al2O3 spheres and the lithium adsorbent, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: S1, etching the Al2O3 spheres with acid, then cleaning and drying; s2, a LiCl solution is adopted to infiltrate the dried Al2O3 balls, then the Al2O3 balls are dried, and dry LiCl-Al2O3 balls are obtained; s3, the dry state LiCl-Al2O3 balls are soaked in an AlCl3 solution, and wet state AlCl3-LiCl-Al2O3 balls are obtained; s4, the wet AlCl3-LiCl-Al2O3 balls are infiltrated with a LiOH solution, then the wet AlCl3-LiCl-Al2O3 balls are subjected to a heating reaction at the temperature of 50 DEG C to 80 DEG C, and LiCl.Al2 (OH) 6. YH2O-Al2O3 balls are obtained; and S5, placing the LiCl.Al2 (OH) 6. YH2O-Al2O3 spheres in a LiCl solution, and carrying out standing so as to obtain the Li (1-x) Cl (1-x). Al2 (OH) 6. YH2O-Al2O3 sphere lithium adsorbent. According to the method and the lithium adsorbent, LiCl.Al2 (OH) 6.yH2O grows on the pore channels or the surfaces of the Al2O3 pellets, so that synthesis of effective components and granulation forming of the effective component powder are combined, the tedious processes of synthesizing the lithium adsorbent powder firstly and then forming the lithium adsorbent powder and the like are avoided, and the method and the lithium adsorbent have a great application prospect in the field of extraction of lithium by an adsorption method.

The invention relates to an energy-saving vetiver oil extraction system, belonging to the technical field of pharmaceutical chemicals and energy conservation. The energy-saving vetiver grass oil extraction system disclosed by the invention comprises a distillation part and a condensation and waste heat recovery part, wherein the distillation part comprises a steam boiler, a jet compressor and a rotary drum type distillation still; and the condensation and waste heat recovery part comprises a plate type evaporator, a plate type preheater, a plate type cooler, an oil-water separator, a low-pressure steam pocket, a forced circulation pump, a flow regulating valve, a pressure reducing valve, a stop valve, a water feeding pump, a cooling tower and a circulating water pump. According to the energy-saving vetiver grass oil extraction system, a traditional essential oil steam distillation technology is optimized, improved and an energy-saving design is adopted, so an essential oil extraction rate is increased, multi-stage utilization of waste heat is achieved, and process energy consumption is reduced.

The invention discloses a hydrodemetallization catalyst and a preparation method thereof. The hydrodemetallization catalyst comprises a modified alumina carrier SII and a second active metal component, the modified alumina carrier SII is a modified alumina carrier containing a first active metal component; the modified alumina carrier SII comprises main body parts and rod-like parts; wherein the main body parts are provided with micron-sized pore channels, at least a part of the rod-shaped parts are distributed on the outer surface of the main body parts and in the micron-sized pore channels with the pore diameter D of 3-10 microns, and the content of active metal on the rod-shaped parts in the micron-sized pore channels is higher than that of the active metal in a hydrodemetallization catalyst bulk phase. When the hydrodemetallization catalyst is used as a heavy oil hydrodemetallization catalyst, the hydrodemetallization catalyst has high activity and activity stability.

The invention relates to the technical field of environmental remediation, in particular to reactivated and stabilized layered ferric hydroxide as well as a preparation method and application thereof.Active sites on the surface of layered ferric hydroxide are passivated through an oxygen-enriched acid stabilizer, dissolution of structural ferrous irons inhibited, and a stabilized layered ferric hydroxide suspension is obtained; and the layered ferric hydroxide isdissolved by using an organic acid complexing agent, and the active sites arereleased to obtain reactivated and stabilized layered ferric hydroxide. According to the method, the layered ferric hydroxide is stabilized through the oxygen-enriched acid stabilizer, divalent iron with reduction activity is prevented from being lost, the active sites are restarted through the organic acid complexing agent, active release of the layered ferric hydroxide in a complex environment medium can be better controlled, activity regulation andcontrol are achieved, and a new thought is provided for soil and underground water remediation.

The invention discloses a modified molecular sieve for CO2 adsorption separation and a preparation method and device thereof, and relates to the technical field of carbon capture. The method comprises the following steps: (1) carrying out vacuum degassing activation on a molecular sieve to obtain a product A; (2) depositing organic amine on the product A to obtain a product B; the deposition is step-by-step deposition; and (3) carrying out vacuum degassing on the product B to obtain the modified molecular sieve. According to the method, vacuum gas phase step-by-step dynamic deposition is adopted, the defects that a traditional organic amine impregnation method is uneven in loading and prone to causing pore channel blockage are overcome, waste liquid is not generated, and industrial batch production is easy to achieve. The molecular sieve provided by the invention has high CO2 adsorption capacity at low pressure, the maximum CO2 adsorption capacity is measured to be 3.35 mmol g <-1 > at 25 DEG C and 0.1 bar, the low-pressure adsorption capacity is improved by more than 50% compared with that of an original sample, and a device for preparing the modified molecular sieve provided by the invention has a very good industrial application prospect.