The invention discloses an asphalt accelerated aging test device for simulating an all-weather multi-environment coupling effect. The device comprises a synthetic air bottle, a pressure regulator, a flow valve, an ozone generator, a beaker, a heatable magnetic stirrer, an air inlet valve, a display screen, a control panel, a spraying device, an observation window, a small test box, an air outlet valve, an exhaust hood, an internal pipeline, an ultraviolet radiation device, a water pipe, a sample rack, a small test box air inlet valve, a small test box air outlet valve and a screen. Gas factors are utilized to accelerate simulation of long-term thermo-oxidative aging of the asphalt binder, the aging process of the asphalt binder is accelerated, and trace active oxygen existing in reality is added in a high-concentration form. The device can simultaneously reflect the influence of environmental factors such as temperature, ultraviolet rays, rainfall, oxygen, ozone and nitrogen oxides in the nature to accurately simulate the asphalt aging behavior in all weathers, so that the indoor test result is more in line with the actual service condition of the asphalt pavement.