The invention discloses a method for preparing a chiral alpha-aryl carbonyl compound, which comprises the following steps: activating an R2 substituted iodobenzene diacetate compound by Lewis acid, and then reacting with an R3 stereosubstituted oxazoline compound in the presence of alkali to obtain the chiral alpha-aryl carbonyl compound, wherein R1 is selected from H, one or more alkyl groups, one or more halogenated alkyl groups, alkoxycarbonyl, halogen or multi-substitution formed by the combination of the above atoms, R2 is selected from H, alkyl and substituted alkyl, wherein a substituent group is selected from cycloalkyl, halogen, alkoxy, heterocycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, aryl, cyano, aryloxy and carbonyl, and R3 is selected from alkyl, substituted alkyl and aryl. The method has the advantages of mild reaction conditions, good stereoselectivity, easy product separation and simple operation.