The invention discloses a method for prolonging an operation period of a
fluidized bed and improving operation quality. The method comprises the following steps: in a reaction early stage,
silicon powder, a catalyst and methyl
chloride are introduced into a reactor, the addition
mass percentage of each component in the catalyst is: an elemental substance: a sub-
oxide: an
oxide = 70-80%:20-15%:10-5%, and an
operation time is 20-25 d; in a reaction middle stage, the addition
mass percentage of each component in the catalyst is: the elemental substance: the sub-
oxide: the oxide = 20-30%:60-40%:30-20%, and an
operation time is 60-65 d; in a reaction middle and
late stage, the addition
mass percentage of each component in the catalyst is: the elemental substance: the sub-oxide: the oxide = 15-20%:80-70%:10-5%, and an
operation time is 20-25 d; and in a reaction later stage, addition of the catalyst is stopped, and an operation time is 7-10 d. The operation period of the technology is 120-130 d, a
system is stable in operation, frequent starting and stopping is avoided, and
energy consumption is reduced.