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This invention discloses a functionalized MXene-based waterborne fire-retardant coating, its preparation method, and its application, belonging to the field of fire-retardant coating technology. This invention combines the advantages of functionalized MXene materials, such as high dispersibility, high temperature resistance, and excellent flame-retardant properties, using waterborne polyurethane as the resin matrix, ammonium citrate as the acid source, and MXene materials as nanostructured flame retardants to develop an environmentally friendly, high-performance reinforced waterborne fire-retardant coating. The MXene materials can be obtained through chemical modification with different functional groups (such as silane coupling agents, calixarenes, and MOFs) to introduce polar groups onto the surface. The fire-retardant coating prepared using functionalized MXene materials achieves UL-94 V-0 flame retardancy through a dual mechanism of physical barrier and "catalytic char formation," while also possessing high mechanical strength and thermal stability, making it suitable for protecting substrates such as metals and wood.