The invention discloses a safety composite type brake drum with a rapid heat dissipation and anti-burst. The safety composite type brake drum with the rapid heat dissipation and anti-burst comprises a brake drum shell. The brake drum shell is provided with an inner cavity. The brake drum shell comprises a main body part, a connecting part and an installing part, wherein the main body part, the connecting part and the installing part are sequentially connected in an integrated mode. Multiple reinforcing ribs are arranged at intervals on the outer ring wall surface of the main body part in an outward protruding mode. Each reinforcing rib extends in the axial direction, and each reinforcing rib is provided with a wind-proof surface. Air inlets are formed in the joints of the wind-proof surfaces and the outer ring wall surface of the main body part, and the connecting part is provided with air outlets. Accordingly, on one hand, the reinforcing ribs have the structural strengthening effect on safety composite type brake drum, on the other hand, the heat dissipation area is increased, and the heat dissipation effect is improved. Meanwhile, the wind-proof effect can be achieved, air can be driven to form airflow, the airflow flows into the inner cavity, and the heat in the inner cavity is driven out from the air outlets by utilizing the airflow. Therefore the timely heat dissipation or discharge can be achieved, the brake performance of the brake drum can be guaranteed, the burst phenomenon of the brake drum can be prevented, the service life of a product is prolonged, and the potential danger is prevented.