The invention relates to a preparation method of heat-resistant polyphenylene sulfide fiber, comprising the following steps: aiming at the demand on high-performance industrial fabric, adding silica to a polyphenylene sulfide material, preparing masterbatch, extruding by double screws to form strips, dicing, drying in vacuum, extruding and spinning by a single screw, cooling, applying oil to an oil roller, thermally sizing, and winding to form a wire barrel to finally obtain heat-resistant silica and polyphenylene sulfide fiber, namely, SiO2/PPS fiber, wherein the fiber is white long silk, the fineness is 400dtex, the breaking strength is 3.75 cN/dtex, the heat resistance temperature is 230 DEG C, and the silk has stable chemical and physical performances; the fiber can be used for manufacturing heat-resistant, corrosion-resisting dedusting filter bags and the like, which has high demand on the breaking strength; the preparation method has advanced and remarkable technology and accurate and detailed quantity parameters, and is capable of performing large-scale industrial production; and the preparation method is a very ideal preparation method of the heat-resistant polyphenylene sulfide fiber.