48 results about "Gaseous oxygen" patented technology

The utility model discloses a multiphase oxidation soil remediation system, which belongs to the technical field of soil remediation, and comprises a casing, a feeding channel and a charging pipe which are oppositely arranged at the top of the casing, and a rotating rod movably connected to the middle of the inner side of the casing; the feeding assembly is arranged on the outer side of the rotating rod; the feeding assembly comprises a first material blocking unit and a second material blocking unit which are arranged on the side wall of the feeding channel and the side wall of the feeding pipe, and a pushing unit arranged between the first material blocking unit and the rotating rod and between the second material blocking unit and the rotating rod. The first material blocking unit comprises an inserting groove formed in the top face of the feeding channel or the feeding pipe, a material blocking plate movably arranged in the inserting groove, and a reset part arranged on the side wall of the material blocking plate. The feeding assembly further comprises a gas conveying unit arranged on the outer side of the rotating rod. Through the arrangement of the feeding assembly, soil is fully mixed with a solid-liquid oxidizing agent and a gaseous oxidizing agent, so that the purification effect on the soil is improved.

The invention relates to a device for safely actuating a gaseous oxygen supply container in an aircraft for dispensing oxygen to a user, the container (1) being intended to store pressurized oxygen at a first oxygen pressure and having an opening (2) sealed by a seal (9). The apparatus comprises: a manifold (4) connected in fluid communication with the seal (9) and configured to receive a flow of oxygen from the opening (2) when the seal (9) is pierced, the manifold (4) comprising an oxygen flow circuit (11), an oxygen flow circuit connected in fluid communication with the seal (10) and having an outlet (14) at a second oxygen pressure lower than the first pressure and a pressure reducer (13) having means (12, 15, 16) for regulating the oxygen pressure between the opening (2) and the outlet (14) during flow; and an actuator (7) located in the opening (2), the actuator being configured to pierce the seal (9) when triggered to allow oxygen to flow from the container (1) through the opening (2) to the outlet (14), the oxygen flow circuit (11) comprising a calibration aperture (17) provided at the outlet (14), the calibration aperture is configured to prevent any accumulation of oxygen at a third pressure between the first pressure and the second pressure without triggering the actuator (7) in the event that oxygen flows to the outlet (14).

The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of refrigeration, in particular to a low-temperature propellant storage system and method. The system is characterized in that a compressor compresses helium, a first part of compressed helium flows into a circulating refrigeration assembly, and a second part of compressed helium flows into a heating assembly; the circulating refrigeration assembly is used for cooling the first part of helium, liquid hydrogen stored in the liquid hydrogen storage tank and liquid oxygen stored in the liquid oxygen storage tank are cooled through the cooled first part of helium, and the cooled first part of helium flows back to the compressor; and the heating assembly is used for heating liquid oxygen flowing out of the liquid oxygen storage tank and liquid hydrogen flowing out of the liquid hydrogen storage tank through the second part of helium to obtain gaseous oxygen and gaseous hydrogen, the gaseous oxygen and the gaseous hydrogen are conveyed to the engine, and the second part of helium flows back to the compressor after heating treatment. According to the technical scheme, high-quality cooling capacity in the storage box can be effectively utilized, and the circulating refrigeration efficiency is improved.

A method of additive manufacture is disclosed. The method may include restricting, by an enclosure, an exchange of gaseous matter between an interior of the enclosure and an exterior of the enclosure. The method may further include running multiple machines within the enclosure. Each of the machines may execute its own process of additive manufacture. While the machines are running, a gas management system may maintain gaseous oxygen within the enclosure at or below a limiting oxygen concentration for the interior.

Process and apparatus for the separation of air by cryogenic distillation In a process for the separation of air by cryogenic distillation, air is separated by distillation in a column system comprising at least a first column (K1) operating at a pressure of at least 4 bar abs, the air (1) arriving in gaseous form in the first column, nitrogen originating from the top of the first column is condensed, at least partially, in a top condenser of the column against a liquid which is vaporized by heat exchange with the top condenser (C) of the first column and a gaseous oxygen stream (21) from an external source cooled in the heat exchanger is sent to a bottom reboiler (V) of the first column in order to be condensed by vaporizing bottom liquid of the first column.

In a process for separating air by cryogenic distillation, air is separated by distillation in a simple column (K1), nitrogen coming from the top of the column condenses at least partially in a top condenser (C) of the column when it meets bottom liquid (9) in the column that has been expanded (V1) and sent to the top condenser, a liquid nitrogen flow (15) is drawn off from the column, pressurised, and vaporised in a heat exchanger (E), and a gaseous oxygen flow (3, 7) from an external source (EL) cools and liquefies in the heat exchanger, by exchanging heat with the liquid nitrogen to be vaporised, is expanded and is sent to the top condenser of the column.

The invention relates to a method of oxygen hardening of a Group IV metal, comprising the steps of: providing a workpiece of a Group IV metal in its final shape; oxidizing the Group IV metal in an oxidizing atmosphere at a first temperature using a gaseous oxidizing species having an upper temperature limit of up to 800°C for an oxidation duration of at least 10 minutes to provide a non-delaminated Group IV metal oxide on the surface of the workpiece, wherein the first temperature is in the range of 500°C and the upper temperature limit of the gaseous oxidizing species; diffusing oxygen from the non-delaminated Group IV metal oxide into the Group IV metal in an inert atmosphere at a second temperature in the range of 500°C to 800°C and at a partial pressure of the gaseous oxidizing species of up to 10"4mbar for a diffusion duration of at least 0.1 hour to provide a surface diffusion zone comprising oxygen in solid solution. In another aspect, the invention relates to a Group IV metal component comprising a material core having a core hardness and a surface hardness of at least the core hardness + 200 HV 0.025 The component is obtainable in the method of the invention.

A method of partitioning ruthenium from used nuclear fuel that includes dissolving a used nuclear fuel in a dissolution acid to form a main process stream and an undissolved solid composition comprising ruthenium and one or more additional fission products, heating the undissolved solid composition into an operating temperature range in a gaseous oxidizing environment such that at least some of the ruthenium oxidizes and phase separates, thereby forming a ruthenium containing gas and capturing the ruthenium containing gas.

A system and method for the liquefaction and densification of oxygen for use in space vehicle applications is provided that uses high pressure air or synthetic air as the refrigerant source. The disclosed system and method employs a heat exchanger arrangement comprising a first heat exchange device configured to liquefy the high pressure gaseous oxygen stream and at least a portion of the high pressure gaseous air stream via indirect heat exchange with a refrigerant stream to yield a liquid oxygen stream and a liquid air stream. The heat exchanger arrangement also includes a second heat exchange device configured to densify the liquified oxygen stream via indirect heat exchange with the liquid air stream which yields the densified liquid oxygen and a cold vaporized air stream. The refrigerant stream comprises a mixture of the exhaust streams from one or more turbines with the cold vaporized air stream.

A method for preparing a pharmaceutical composition having a drug-containing core encapsulated by one or more metal oxide materials is provided. The method comprises the following sequential steps: (a) loading particles containing a drug into a reactor; (b) applying a vaporized or gaseous metal precursor to the particles in the reactor; (c) performing one or more pump purification cycles on the reactor using an inert gas; (d) applying a vaporized or gaseous oxidant to the particles in the reactor; and (e) performing one or more pump purification cycles on the reactor using an inert gas. The temperature of the particles does not exceed 35°C. This produces a pharmaceutical composition comprising a drug-containing core encapsulated by one or more metal oxide materials.

Title of the invention: Process and apparatus for air separation by cryogenic distillation. In a process for air separation by cryogenic distillation, air is separated by distillation in a column system comprising at least one first column (K1) operating at a pressure of at least 4 bar abs. Air (1) enters the first column in gaseous form. Nitrogen from the top of the first column condenses at least partially in a column top condenser against a liquid that vaporizes by heat exchange with the top condenser (C) of the first column. A flow of gaseous oxygen (21) from an external source, cooled in the heat exchanger, is sent to a tank reboiler (V) of the first column to condense by vaporizing the tank liquid of the first column. Fig. 1

The present disclosure provides methods and apparatus for hydrothermal oxidation of organic matter. The method includes pumping organic matter in an aqueous stream into a first section of a reactor, pumping a gaseous oxidant into the first section of the reactor, maintaining conditions in the reactor at a pressure in a range from about 2 bar to about 250 bar and a temperature in a range from about 100°C to about 373°C, subjecting the organic matter in the aqueous stream and the gaseous oxidant to high intensity mixing in the first section of the reactor, transferring the organic matter in the aqueous stream and the gaseous oxidant to a second or subsequent substantially horizontally arranged tubular section of the reactor, wherein at least some of the organic matter containing aqueous stream is in a liquid phase and at least some of the gaseous oxidant is in a gas phase, and maintaining a rate of the liquid phase traveling through at least a portion of the second or subsequent section of the reactor at a maximum velocity of about 0.1 m / sec or maintaining a Reynolds number of the liquid phase traveling through at least a portion of the second or subsequent section of the reactor in a range from about 0 to about 10,000.

The invention relates to an internal compressed air separation device and a pressure control method, and is applied to the technical field of air separation. The device comprises a main condensation evaporator used for generating liquid oxygen; the heat exchanger is connected with the main condensation evaporator through a liquid oxygen transmission pipeline and is used for exchanging heat with liquid oxygen to generate gaseous oxygen; the silencer is connected with the heat exchanger through an oxygen transmission pipeline and connected with the external environment, and the silencer is used for conducting noise reduction on the oxygen in the oxygen transmission pipeline and discharging the oxygen to the external environment; a pressure measuring point is arranged on the oxygen transmission pipeline; and the first backflow pipeline is arranged between the liquid oxygen transmission pipeline and the main condensation evaporator, an adjusting valve is arranged on the first backflow pipeline, and the adjusting valve is interlocked with the pressure measuring point. According to the invention, the overpressure risk can be reduced, and the safety is improved.

Disclosed are a gas-phase hydrogen peroxide generation assembly and a substrate processing apparatus including same. The gas-phase hydrogen peroxide generation assembly may have a vaporization module and a fluid supply module. The vaporization module may be configured to convert liquid hydrogen peroxide into gas-phase hydrogen peroxide. The fluid supply module may include a first line configured to, in a first operation mode, supply the liquid hydrogen peroxide to the vaporization module. The fluid supply module may be configured to, in a second operation mode, discharge a residual of the liquid hydrogen peroxide to a drain using a discharge fluid. The residual may be generated in the first operation mode and remain in the first line.

The application relates to the technical field of nitrite synthesis, and discloses a synthesis method and a synthesis device of alkyl nitrite. The synthesis method comprises the following steps: firstly, mixing gaseous nitric oxide and gaseous oxygen to obtain a mixture through a first reaction; and then, mixing the mixture with alkyl alcohol to obtain alkyl nitrite through a second reaction. The synthesis method greatly shortens the reaction time, increases the yield of alkyl nitrite, does not have a complicated post-treatment process and a large amount of by-product nitric acid, and is beneficial to cost saving and time saving.

A metallic particle combustion energy production system (S1) comprising a set of elementary combustion reactors (6, 6b), each comprising a metallic particle burner coupled to a combustion chamber, means (1, 2, 3, 4) for selectively feeding said elementary combustion reactors (6) with iron particles and gaseous oxidizer, means for recovering the heat from combustion in said elementary combustion reactors (6), means (9, 11, 12, 15, 16) for collecting metal oxides at the outlet of the combustion chambers, and means for controlling the selective feeding means according to at least one predetermined setpoint. See FIG. 1

A battery may include an anode, a cathode positioned opposite to the anode, a separator positioned between the anode and the cathode, an electrolyte dispersed throughout the cathode and in contact with the anode, and a dual-pore system. The anode may be configured to release a plurality of lithium ions. The cathode may include a plurality of pathways defined by a plurality of porous non-hollow carbonaceous spherical particles and may include a plurality of carbonaceous structures each based on a coalescence of a group of the porous non-hollow carbonaceous spherical particles. The dual-pore system may be disposed in the cathode and defined in shape and orientation by the plurality of carbonaceous structures. In some aspects, the dual-pore system may be configured to receive gaseous oxygen from the ambient atmosphere.

A pressurization method for increasing a pressure within a propellant tank containing hydrogen peroxide H2O2. The pressurization method includes irradiating at least some of the hydrogen peroxide H2O2 with ultraviolet light emitted by at least one ultraviolet light source. With the UV light, a photolysis is actively provoked which causes the irradiated hydrogen peroxide H2O2 to at least partially decompose into water H2O and gaseous oxygen O2. Also a filling method for at least partially filling a receiving propellant tank with the pressurization method, a tank assembly, a filling system, and a spacecraft.

Title of the invention: Process and apparatus for air separation by cryogenic distillation. In a process for air separation by cryogenic distillation, air is separated by distillation in a simple column (K1). Nitrogen from the top of the column condenses at least partially in a column head condenser (C) against column tank liquid (9) that has been expanded (V1) and sent to the head condenser. A flow of liquid nitrogen (15) is withdrawn from the column, pressurized, and vaporized in a heat exchanger. A flow of gaseous oxygen (3,7) from an external source is cooled and liquefied in the heat exchanger by heat exchange with the liquid nitrogen to be vaporized, expanded, and sent to the column head condenser. FIG. 1

There is provided a method of controlling operation of a PEM fuel cell system, PEMFCS, the PEMFCS comprising: a stack of one or more PEM fuel cells, PEMFCs; a compressor having one or more compressor stages for providing a pressurized gaseous oxidant to the cathode side of the PEMFC; and a controller for controlling an operation of the PEMFCS. The method comprises controlling, by the controller, the PEMFCS so as to cause the compressor to compress and provide a gaseous oxidant to the cathode side of the PEMFCS according to a target power output Oe of the PEMFCS during operation of the PEMFCS. In particular, controlling the PEMFCS comprises controlling at least two of the following parameters: a pressure p to which the oxidant is compressed by the compressor; a flow rate r when the compressed oxidant is provided to the cathode side of the PEMFC; and an operating temperature T of the PEMFC such that an increase in the operating temperature T accompanies at least one of a corresponding increase in the pressure p and a corresponding decrease in the stoichiometric ratio lambda of the consumption of the oxidant in the electrochemical reaction with the fuel in the PEMFC.

A heating tube for supporting the combustion of a fuel and an oxidant includes a tubular wall for containing a gas flow through the heating tube and a catalyst, contained by the tubular wall, for catalysing a combustion reaction of a gaseous fuel and a gaseous oxidant.

An electrolytic process and an apparatus for producing solid carbon and gaseous oxygen from CO2. In one aspect the process comprises using a cathode that includes a solid, semi-solid or liquid metal containing a catalytically active material for CO2 reduction that includes less than or equal to 10 wt.% of at least one of copper or silver or gold. In another aspect the process comprises using a "spouted" bed electrolysis apparatus comprising a downwardly moving packed bed of cathode particles that include a catalyst, such as copper, for CO2 reduction and an upward flow of electrolyte.

The spacecraft is equipped with a low-thrust and high-thrust space propulsion system comprising at least one water reservoir (1) containing liquid water, a high-thrust propulsion section and a low-thrust propulsion section. The high-thrust propulsion section has a high-thrust engine comprising a regulating valve (V1) for withdrawing water from the liquid water reservoir (1), a device for decomposing (2) the liquid water into gaseous hydrogen and gaseous oxygen, associated storage tanks (3, 4), a combustion chamber (5) in which the gaseous hydrogen reacts with the gaseous oxygen, and an exhaust nozzle (6) from the combustion chamber (5). The low-thrust propulsion section comprises a liquid water supply line (10) and a plurality of liquid water outlets in the form of a plurality of branches (11-1n), each comprising a regulating valve (21-2n), a vaporization chamber (31-3n) and an expansion nozzle (41-4n).

Title of the Invention: Gas Supply Installation Including a Liquid Oxygen Source Supplying a Hospital Network. The invention relates to an oxygen supply installation (1) for supplying gaseous oxygen to at least one gas pipeline (2) carrying oxygen within a hospital facility, comprising a first oxygen source (10) containing oxygen (O2) fluidly connected to the gas pipeline (2), and a second oxygen source (20) containing gaseous oxygen (GOX) fluidly connected to the gas pipeline (2). The first oxygen source (10) comprises at least one LOX tank (11) containing oxygen in liquid form (LOX) and at least one evaporator device (12) for vaporizing liquid oxygen (LOX) from said at least one LOX tank (11) and obtaining gaseous oxygen (GOX) at a first pressure (P1). Abstract Figure: Figure 1

The invention relates to a cryogenic fluid cooling installation comprising, a first circuit (7) of fluid to be cooled, for example liquid nitrogen and / or liquid oxygen, a cryogenic refrigerator (6) with a cycle circuit (16), at least one heat exchanger (5) ensuring heat exchange with the first circuit (7) of fluid to be cooled and the cycle circuit (16) of the refrigerator (6), the installation comprising a second circuit (8) of fluid to be liquefied, for example gaseous nitrogen and / or gaseous oxygen, the second circuit (8) of fluid being in heat exchange with the cycle circuit (16) of the refrigerator (6) in at least one heat exchanger (2, 3, 4, 5) of the installation,the installation (1) being configured to be switchable between a first cooling operating mode in which the installation cools the first fluid circuit (7) to cool a liquefied fluid to preferably generate a quasi-isothermal transformation of said fluid, and a second liquefaction operating mode in which the installation (1) cools the second fluid circuit (8) for the purpose of liquefying a gas stream. Abbreviated figure: Fig. 1,

The invention relates to jet engines, and more particularly to pulse detonation engines. The desired technical result, namely increased energy efficiency and reliability, is achieved in an engine having a combustion chamber configured in the form of a detonation resonator that opens into an exhaust nozzle. The resonator is an aspherical reflector that is symmetrical about the axis of the engine. A gaseous fuel and a gaseous oxidizer are used in the engine, together with a single-step combustion process. If a hydrocarbon fuel is to be used, the fuel duct is provided with a pyrolysis chamber. Pyrolysis is achieved as a result of the fuel flow coming into contact with the heated rear side of the reflector. A mixture of fuel and oxidizer is fed into the combustion chamber through an annular supersonic injection system. To initiate detonation, the engine can be provided with a detonation initiator in the form of a tube which is blind at the distal end and open at the end disposed in the combustion chamber, said tube lying along the axis of the engine. The detonation products flowing through the exhaust nozzle generate a thrust which propels the engine in the opposite direction. This pulse detonation engine design is simple and reliable and provides for the highly efficient generation of propulsive thrust force by maintaining cyclic resonant detonation at a frequency of around 10 kHz.

The present invention relates to a solid oxide fuel cell arrangement with at least one solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC), which comprises a membrane electrode assembly (5) and at least one bipolar plate (6) with a plate-shaped base body (7) which bears a main surface against an electrode of the membrane electrode assembly (5), wherein channels (8, 9) are formed in the main surface which are open towards the electrode, wherein the channels (8, 9) are intended for the passage of a fuel, in particular a hydrogen-containing fuel gas, or a gaseous oxidizing agent, in particular air.The base body (7) has coolant channels (14) for conveying a coolant, with an inlet side and an outlet side, such that at least one coolant line (21) is connected to the coolant channels (14), connecting the inlet side and the outlet side of the coolant channels (14) to form a closed coolant circuit. A cooling unit (22a) is connected to the coolant line (21), which is designed to extract thermal energy from a coolant that is conveyed through the cooling circuit.

A method of additive manufacture is disclosed. The method may include creating, by a 3D printer contained within an enclosure, a part having a weight greater than or equal to 2,000 kilograms. A gas management system may maintain gaseous oxygen within the enclosure atmospheric level. In some embodiments, a wheeled vehicle may transport the part from inside the enclosure, through an airlock, as the airlock operates to buffer between a gaseous environment within the enclosure and a gaseous environment outside the enclosure, and to a location exterior to both the enclosure and the airlock.

A pre-chamber combustion system is disclosed for use with an internal combustion engine. The system includes a pre-chamber fluidly connected to a main combustion chamber through at least one pre-chamber nozzle. An electrolyzer is configured to receive liquid water and generate gaseous hydrogen and gaseous oxygen. The generated gases are directed into the pre-chamber, where they are ignited to initiate combustion. The resulting high-temperature combustion produces hot gas jets that are discharged into the main chamber to enhance ignition and combustion efficiency. The system enables on-demand production and combustion of hydrogen and oxygen without requiring external fuel sources, potentially improving engine performance and reducing emissions.

Manufacturing techniques for fabricating a polymer or other substrate optimized for growing cells is described, which takes the form of a micro-thin bag with gas permeable sides. Sides of the bag can be held at a fixed distance from one another with a multitude of tiny micropillars or other spacers extending between them, keeping the bag at a predetermined thickness and preventing the bag from collapsing and the sides from sticking together. In other embodiments, the sides may be held apart by gas pressure alone. A 0.01 μm to 1000 μm parylene or other biocompatible coating over the bag outsides controls the permeability of the bag material and provides a bio-safe area for cell growth. An alternate configuration uses open-cell foam with skins coated with a biocompatible coating. Tubes going into multiple bags can be connected to a manifold that delivers gaseous oxygen or removes carbon dioxide and other waste gases. Multiple bags can be stacked together tightly, with o-ring spacers in between, and housed within a vessel to form a high-surface area, ultra-compact cell growing system. For cells growing on the bags, liquid nutrients can be fed by way of the tube spacers, and oxygen and waste gases permeated through the bag sides and transported within the bags.