This invention relates to the field of electromagnetic wave absorbing materials, specifically to a Fe@Fe / SiO2 gradient impedance electromagnetic wave absorbing material and its preparation method. The specific technical solution involves
coating the surface of
iron oxide nanoparticles with a SiO2 shell and performing high-temperature reduction heat treatment to transform the
iron oxide core into a Fe
magnetic core. Simultaneously, Fe single atoms,
iron oxide, and Fe nanoparticles are loaded onto the inner wall of the SiO2 shell. This structure utilizes the SiO2 shell to block the continuous conductive network and suppress the
skin effect, while the gradient impedance structure optimizes
impedance matching to facilitate the entry of electromagnetic
waves into the particle interior. The magnetic losses of the Fe
magnetic core and the Fe magnetic particles on the inner wall of the SiO2 shell, as well as the
dielectric losses of the Fe single atoms, iron
oxide, and Fe
magnetic nanoparticles, synergistically and efficiently dissipate electromagnetic
waves. Furthermore, after reflection from the Fe
magnetic core, the electromagnetic wave undergoes continuous reflection within the hollow cavity between the
yolk and shell due to the gradient impedance structure, achieving efficient attenuation of electromagnetic wave energy.