The invention discloses a preparation process of a low-cost back contact photovoltaic device, and relates to the technical field of
photovoltaics. According to the preparation process of the low-cost back contact photovoltaic device, a proper N-type
silicon wafer is selected as a base material, the N-type
silicon wafer is polished, a P + layer is formed on the surface of the N-type
silicon wafer through
boron diffusion, then single-side texturing is carried out, aluminum
oxide and
silicon nitride laminated film deposition is carried out, then
laser treatment is carried out on one side, and acidity is carried out on the other side, so that the low-cost back contact photovoltaic device is obtained. Then forming a phosphorosilicate
glass film and
laser pattern interdigitated staggered pattern through
laser,
etching, opening an
oxide layer in a P region on the back surface by adopting laser, finally printing
aluminum paste in the P region, printing
base metal paste in an N region, and
sintering at the temperature of below 200 DEG C. According to the preparation process of the low-cost back contact photovoltaic device, the N region has no
passivation dielectric film and only has a
metal contact region, so that the process is greatly simplified, the metallization of the back N region can be realized by adopting
base metal low-temperature
slurry, the overall realization and low-temperature metallization are realized, and the cost is low.