The invention relates to a fly ash grouting material, and belongs to the technical field of preparation of grouting materials. The grouting material is prepared from a component A and a component B, wherein the component A comprises, by weight, 50-150 parts of fly ash, 5-20 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 5-10 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1-2 parts of a pH regulator, 0.5-1 partof a defoaming stabilizer and 0.02-0.04 part of chopped fibers; and the component B comprises, by weight, 10-50 parts of magnesium oxide, 2-3 parts of a polymer emulsion, 0.2-0.5 part of a waterproofdispersant, 0.5-5 parts of a retarder and 0.02-0.04 part of an ultrafine filler. The magnesium agent desulfurization fly ash is used as a main raw material, light calcined magnesia, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate and the ammonium dihydrogen phosphate are used as auxiliary gelling materials, and another one or more admixtures are blended to prepare the fly ash grouting material with the advantages of early strength, high strength, high solidifying rate, adjustable setting time, good fluidity, good durability, micro-expansion, low cost, environmental protection and energy saving.