39results about How to "Efficient and selective separation" patented technology

A graphene-iron oxide complex consists of graphene and needle-like iron oxide nanoparticles grown on a surface of the graphene, and a fabricating method thereof includes (A) preparing a reduced graphene dispersed solution, (B) mixing the dispersed solution with a solution containing iron oxide precursors to prepare a mixture, (C) stirring the mixture to prepare a graphene-iron oxide dispersed solution containing the graphene-iron oxide complex that needle-like iron oxide nanoparticles are grown on the surface of the graphene, and (D) separating the graphene-iron oxide complex from the graphene-iron oxide complex dispersed solution.

The invention relates to the field of polymer materials, in particular to a preparation method of graphene composite foam for oil-water separation. The preparation method comprises the steps that reduction and crosslinking are conducted on oxidized graphene by dopamine, a hydrothermal method is used to make the oxidized graphene form a three-dimensional structure in self-assembly mode, chitosan/graphene composite foam is prepared by soaking and freeze-drying with a chitosan solution, and finally the chitosan/graphene composite foam is fluoridized to prepare the fluoridized graphene composite foam. The obtained chitosan/graphene composite foam has super amphipathicity in the air and underwater super lipophobicity, after the fluoridation, the chitosan/graphene composite foam has super hydrophobicity, and chitosan and raphene have the advantages of good flexibility, high selective separation efficiency and long cycle service life; the foam can exist stably in a corrosive medium; water takes use of gravity to go through the chitosan/graphene composite foam and does not need to be driven by external force; non-toxic biological materials such as the dopamine and the chitosan are used, the foam is green and environmentally friendly, an anti-bacteria effect of the chitosan serves as a function of purifying a water body during the oil-water separation.

The invention belongs to the fields of membrane surface engineering and bioseparation engineering and aims at providing a method for preparing a low-density lipoprotein affinity adsorption hemodialysis membrane material. The method provided by the invention comprises the following steps: prewashing the hemodialysis membrane material; placing the prewashed hemodialysis membrane material into a plasma processor cavity; introducing inert gas and activated gas until atmosphere ingredients are constant and then carrying out plasma processing; immersing into a heparin solution; adding a coupling agent to carry out an oscillation reaction; carrying out oscillation washing by utilizing a PBS (Phosphate Buffer Solution); and repeatedly washing with clean water and perform filter drying to obtain the low-density lipoprotein affinity adsorption hemodialysis membrane material. In the method provided by the invention, active reaction groups are introduced into by utilizing a constant-pressure and low-temperature plasma activation modification processing method; the reaction is only carried out on the surface of the material, the body performance of the material is not influenced, and simultaneously the method has the characteristics of high efficiency, low cost, low energy consumption, environmental friendliness and the like; the hydrophilia and blood compatibility of the surface of a macromolecule separation membrane material can be greatly improved; and the blockage effect caused by membrane pollution in the hemodialysis course can be effectively reduced.

The invention relates to a cinnamate type ultraviolet sun-screening agent molecular engram solid-phase extraction column as well as preparation and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of solid-phase extraction of detection analysis. According to the invention, iso-octyl p-methoxycinnamate is adopted as a template molecule, methacrylic acid is adopted as a functional monomer, ethylene glycol dimethyl acrylic ester is adopted as a crosslinking agent, azodiisobutyronitrile is adopted as an initiating agent, cinnamate type ultraviolet sun-screening agent molecular engram polymer microspheres are obtained by virtue of a precipitation polymerization method, and the obtained polymer microspheres are filled into a solid-phase extraction column through a wet method. The molecular engram polymer solid-phase extraction column provided by the invention can selectively adsorb a cinnamate type ultraviolet sun-screening agent, and compared with a conventional solid-phase extraction column, the molecular engram polymer solid-phase extraction column overcomes the defect of poor selectivity of a conventional solid-phase extraction filler, is strong in adsorptivity, high in extraction recovery rate, and achieves efficient selective separation, enrichment and purification of a trace amount of the cinnamate type ultraviolet sun-screening agent in various environments and biological samples.

The invention relates to an ionic liquid-polyacrylamide gel, a preparation method and a purpose thereof, and belongs to the technical field of protein separation and analysis. The ionic liquid-polyacrylamide gel comprises a monomer, a cross-linking agent, a gel buffer system, a catalyst, an accelerator and an ionic liquid, wherein the ionic liquid has cations having no more than 4 carbon atoms onan alkyl carbon chain, and has a mass concentration of 0.05-1.0%(w/v). The ionic liquid, the monomer, the cross-linking agent and the gel buffer system are mixed together, and added with the catalystand the accelerator to be mixed uniformly; and the mixture is solidified to obtain the ionic liquid-polyacrylamide gel. The ionic liquid-polyacrylamide gel can be applied to protein electrophoretic separation, namely, an ionic liquid-sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel is used for electrophoresis separation of an SDS treated protein. Especially, for different proteins having a same or a similar molecular weight, a rapid, simple, green and efficient separation thereof can be realized.

The invention relates to a polyacid complex. The chemical formula of the polyacid complex is [Ni(HL)2]2H2[P2Mo5O23].2H2O, wherein HL is 2-acetylpyrazine thiosemicarbazone. The polyacid complex belongsto the monoclinic crystal system, and has a C2/c space group, and cell parameters are as follows: a = 3.0575(7) nm, b = 1.3276(3) nm, c = 1.7009(4) nm, alpha = 90 DEG, beta = 113.837 (5) DEG, and gamma = 90 DEG. The invention also provides a nanocomposite material containing the polyacid complex. The polyacid complex POMs with a good adsorption function is combined with magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles to form the magnetic nanocomposite material. The combination of the POMs and Fe3O4 nanoparticles makes the material have an increased adsorption efficiency and well achieve recycling under the action of an external magnetic field.

The invention discloses a method and reagent for improving the yield of selective dispersion of semiconducting carbon nanotubes. The method comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing a single-walled carbon nanotube sample, a first polymer and a second polymer in a solvent to form a liquid-phase mixed system, and allowing the single-walled carbon nanotube sample to be sufficiently dispersed in the liquid-phase mixed system; then subjecting the liquid-phase mixed system to centrifugation; and separating out a supernatant so as to realize selective separation of the semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes. Both the first polymer and the second polymer can specifically bind to the semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes; the binding speed of the first polymer and the semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes is greater than the binding speed of the second polymer and the semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes; and the binding strength of the first polymer and the semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes is lower than the binding strength of the second polymer and the semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes. The method and reagent provided by the invention can realize selective separation of high-yield, high-purity and high-dispersity semiconductoring single-walled carbon nanotubes, is reduced in cost and improves the repeatability and stability of separation.

The invention discloses a method for selective flotation separation of molybdenum and rhenium acid radicals in an alkaline leaching liquid. The method comprises the following steps that a pH value ofthe alkaline leaching liquid containing molybdate acid radicals and rhenium acid radicals is adjusted to 7.1-12, then an organic matter modified activated carbon collecting agent composed of triethylenetetramine, tetraethylenepentamine, methyl violet 10B and cocamidopropyl betaine and a surface active agent are added into the alkaline leaching liquid, pneumatic flotation is carried out, a foam product is a rhenium-rich component, and a liquid core is a molybdenum-rich solution. The method has the advantages that the selective separation effect is good on molybdenum and rhenium, the technological process is simple, and the cost is low, and is especially suitable for separation between the rhenium and the molybdenum in the alkaline leaching liquid with low rhenium content and high molybdenumcontent.

The invention provides a method for recovering copper indium gallium selenium from waste of a copper indium gallium selenium solar thin film cell, and belongs to the technical field of resource secondary utilization. The method comprises the steps that the waste in a copper indium gallium selenium (CIGS) solar thin film cell chamber is smashed and milled, then is subjected to sulfatizing roastingto obtain crude selenium and roasting materials, the roasting materials are leached by adding water, and a copper sulfate product is obtained by purifying and crystallizing a water leaching solution;water leaching slag is subjected to alkaline leaching, then an alkali leaching solution is electrolyzed, and gallium metal is obtained; inorganic acid is added to alkali leaching slag for acid leaching, and metal indium powder is obtained by reducing and purifying an acidic leaching solution by formaldehyde, hydrazine hydrate, and iron powder or a mixture of two or three of the formaldehyde, the hydrazine hydrate, and the iron powder in any proportion; and acidic leaching slag is returned for sulfatizing roasting. The purity of the obtained crude selenium is larger than 98%, the purity of theobtained metal indium powder is less than 99%, and the purity of the obtained metal gallium is larger than 99%. The recovery rates of four valuable elements are all above 95%. The method for recovering the copper indium gallium selenium from the waste of the copper indium gallium selenium solar thin film cell is simple to operate, high in safety, high in reliability, and low in cost, scale production is easy to achieve, the environmental protection requirements are met, and the application prospects are broad.

The invention relates to a strontium extracting method. N,N'-di-p-tolylpyridine-2,6-dicarboxamide is synthesized to be used as an extraction agent to extract the strontium in a solution, and an organic phase is extracted. The strontium extracting method is characterized in that in the back extraction process of the strontium in the organic phase, water is used as a back extraction agent, the waterphase is extracted finally, and then the strontium is obtained. On one hand, the extraction agent prepared in the strontium extracting method is pure, free of phosphorus and other secondary pollutants, good in extraction effect and mature in synthesis technology; on the other hand, since deionized water is used as the back extraction agent, the raw material is easy to obtain, operation is easy, cost is low, the back extraction effect is good, and simple, rapid, efficient selective separation of the target Sr ions can be achieved.

The invention belongs to the technical field of preparation of chemical separation functional materials, and relates to a preparation method of a crown ether modified porous microsphere adsorbent. A water-in-oil-in-water double emulsion prepared by dynamically adjusting amphipathy of a block copolymer through one-step stirring is used as a template and is combined with an ultraviolet-induced polymerization way to obtain porous multi-cavity microspheres, and porous microspheres with the surfaces rich in crown ether active sites are prepared through an interface post-modification strategy; and a series of treatment is carried out to obtain a functional adsorbent, and the adsorbent is used for selective adsorption separation on Li<+> in salt lake brine. The crown ether modified porous multi-cavity microsphere adsorbent prepared by the preparation method disclosed by the invention has rapid adsorption kinetics and stable thermodynamic properties, and has excellent acid-base response characteristics.

The invention belongs to the technical field of ion extraction, and provides a method for selectively extracting and recovering aluminum from a sulfate solution containing lithium, sodium, potassium and aluminum, the method comprises the following steps: mixing the sulfate solution containing lithium, sodium, potassium and aluminum with an extraction organic phase, extracting and layering to obtain a loaded organic phase and a lithium-sodium-potassium sulfate solution; mixing the loaded organic phase with the strip liquor, and carrying out reverse extraction and layering to obtain an organic phase and an aluminum sulfate solution; sequentially performing evaporation, concentration and cooling crystallizationthe on the aluminum sulfate solution and obtaining Al2 (SO4) 3.18 H2O. According to the method, efficient selective separation of aluminum ions and lithium, sodium and potassium ions can be realized in a relatively wide pH value range, the extraction rate and the reverse extraction rate of the aluminum ions are very high, and high-purity Al2 (SO4) 3.18 H2O is obtained; the extraction organic phase is easy to reextract and regenerate, the extraction agent does not need saponification treatment, and the method has high economic benefits and environmental benefits.

The invention provides a method for extracting and separating neutral nitrides in coal tar by utilizing non-toxic biodegradable ionic liquid. One or a combination of more than two of n-hexane, n-heptane, n-octane or n-dodecane is used as a solvent, and the non-toxic biodegradable tetramethylguanidyl ionic liquid is synthesized by a one-step method; and extracting and separating to obtain the neutral nitride through three-stage counter-current extraction, back extraction and reduced-pressure flash evaporation processes by taking the neutral nitride as an extracting agent. The tetramethylguanidyl ionic liquid is non-toxic, biodegradable, simple to synthesize, high in yield and purity, low in energy consumption, low in cost, small in waste liquid generation amount, green and environment-friendly. According to the method, the removal rate of high-boiling-point neutral nitrides in the wash oil and the anthracene oil is greatly increased, the excellent extraction and separation effect is achieved, and the extraction efficiency is high. The extraction and separation process is simple, and the device is reasonable; the nontoxic biodegradable tetramethylguanidyl ionic liquid is high in recovery rate and purity, can be recycled, and is safe and environment-friendly.

The invention relates to an application of an asymmetric oligopolyamide extractant containing 2-ethylhexyl side chains in separation of transition metal elements, and belongs to the technical field ofnoble metal extraction recovery. Due to the fact that the extractant contains three-center hydrogen bonds, the conformation of the oligomer is in a plane meniscus shape, and the oligomer is capable of selectively complexing metal ions with an unclosed cavity and carbonyl oxygen in the cavity, so that the selective separation of the ions is achieved; and the asymmetric oligopolyamide extractant containing 2-ethylhexyl side chains is good in chemical stability and easy to synthesis and obtain, can be used for selectively separating silver from the transition metal elements under different acidity, and in addition, the extractant has the advantages of high extraction speed, high phase separation speed and the like, so that the asymmetric oligopolyamide extractant containing 2- ethylhexyl side chain has practical application prospect.