Relating to the field of thermal insulation materials, the invention discloses an energy-saving and environment-friendly thermal insulation material and a preparation method thereof. The energy-savingand environment-friendly thermal insulation material comprises the following raw materials by weight: 8-15 parts of calcium carbonate powder, 12-25 parts of industrial coal slag, 5-12 parts of aluminum oxide, 2-5 parts of aluminum stearate, 8-15 parts of waste asbestos, 5-9 parts of polypropylene fiber, 11-18 parts of bamboo charcoal powder, 12-18 parts of coconut shell powder, 7-16 parts of attapulgite, 8-13 parts of quartz powder, 11-23 parts of potassium feldspar, 12-17 parts of montmorillonite, 15-21 parts of waste polyethylene foam plastic, 20-28 parts of Portland cement, 0.8-2 parts ofsodium pyrophosphate, 0.6-1.2 parts of a penetrating agent, 0.6-1.2 parts of a water reducing agent, 0.4-0.8 part of a foaming agent, and 10-15 parts of water. Through coordination of the raw materials, the thermal insulation material provided by the invention has low thermal conductivity coefficient, excellent thermal insulation performance, and also has the advantages of high mechanical impact resistance, good flame retardance and high crack resistance.