The invention provides a plum planting insect prevention device which comprises a support, a first fixing base, a control screen and a second fixing base, a fixing groove is formed in the second fixing base, a pneumatic telescopic rod is arranged below the second fixing base, a fixing insertion rod is arranged below the pneumatic telescopic rod, fixing supporting legs are arranged on the four sides of the pneumatic telescopic rod, and the fixing insertion rod is connected with the pneumatic telescopic rod. The first fixing base is installed in the fixing groove, when the device is used, the insect prevention and expelling effect on plum trees can be conveniently achieved, a collecting groove formed in the lower side can facilitate collecting operation, and meanwhile the collecting groove and an iron plate in the first fixing base conduct fixing operation through a magnetic attraction block installed on the lower side; meanwhile, dismounting and cleaning operation can be conveniently conducted, an installed spray head can spray pesticide to plum trees around the device, the insect prevention and expelling effect is achieved, a water level meter installed on the inner side can detect the internal water level, and when the water level is too low, an alarm is given out through an alarm.