The invention provides a self-adaptive fiber used in Z-pinch wire-array loads and a preparing method thereof. The self-adaptive fiber is prepared from aliphatic series oligomer diol with the molecular weight of 500-10000, high-symmetry aromatic diisocyanate and a high-symmetry aromatic diamine compound. According to the preparing method of the self-adaptive fiber, at first, aliphatic series oligomer diol with a certain mole number and high-symmetry aromatic diisocyanate with the mole number being twice that of diol are adopted for carrying out prepolymerization, and high-symmetry aromatic diamine is used for carrying out chain extension so that a spinning solution can be prepared; finally, any one of a solution dry method and a solution wet method is adopted for carrying out spinning, forming and processing. In the self-adaptive fiber, cohesion energy density in a hard chain section is high, binding force of the hard chain section is large, dimensional stability is high, rebound resilience is good, and stress stability is high; according to the self-adaptive fiber, during the whole service period, obvious stress relaxation is avoided, and rebound stress can be kept unchanged for a long term.