156 results about "Reaction rate constant" patented technology

The invention discloses a titanium dioxide photo-catalyzed film and a preparation method thereof. The titanium dioxide photo-catalyzed film has a spongy porous structure; the length of holes along the growth direction is 200nm-800nm; and the maximal width of the holes along the direction vertical to the growth direction is 10nm-300nm. The preparation method for the titanium dioxide photo-catalyzed film comprises the following steps: depositing a columnar structural titanium film on a substrate by adopting a magnetron sputtering method, wherein the depositing pressure is 0.1-1Pa; preparing the titanium dioxide having a porous structure by anodizing the titanium film; sputtering the deposited titanium film as an anode and taking graphite as a cathode; taking a mixed solution of ammonium fluoride, water and organic saturate alcohol as an electrolyte; keeping a constant voltage at 25-50V; and thermally treating, thereby obtaining the titanium dioxide photo-catalyzed film. The titanium dioxide photo-catalyzed film provided by the invention has the characteristics of high light transmission and high photo-catalytic reaction rate constant and meets the requirements of photo-catalyzed materials, such as self-cleaning glass, air and waste water purifier, and the like.

The invention discloses a method for improving the temperature applicability and accuracy modeling of an electrochemical-thermal coupling model, comprising the steps of testing and measuring an entropy thermal coefficient, wherein the entropy thermal coefficient of a battery is closely related to the heat production of the battery; establishing a lithium ion battery electrochemical model accordingto the measured entropy thermal coefficient and the electrochemical modeling control equation; establishing the electrochemical-thermal coupling model of a lithium ion battery by combining the lithium ion battery electrochemical model with the thermal characteristic equation of the lithium ion battery; establishing the correction functions S (T) and H (T) of the solid diffusion coefficient and reference reaction rate with temperature; introducing the correction functions into the electrochemical-thermal coupling model of the lithium ion battery; adding the tested and measured entropy thermalcoefficient in the electrochemical-thermal coupling model to the accuracy of the electrochemical-thermal coupling model along with the temperature change of the battery. By carrying out the temperature correction factor adjustment on the two parameters of the solid diffusion coefficient and the reference reaction rate constant, the electrochemical-thermal coupling model can be used for battery electrochemistry-thermal characteristic research at different temperatures and operating conditions, thereby improving the temperature adaptability of the model.

To provide a process for producing a hydroxyalkyltriethylenediamine or hydroxytriethylenediamine simply and in a small number of steps without requiring multistage reaction steps; a novel catalyst composition whereby a polyurethane product can be obtained with good productivity and good moldability without bringing about odor problems or environmental problems; and a process for producing a polyurethane resin using the catalyst composition. For example, a hydroxyalkyltriethylenediamine or hydroxytriethylenediamine is produced by subjecting a mono-substituted dihydroxyalkylpiperazine and / or a di-substituted hydroxyalkylpiperazine to an intramolecular dehydration condensation reaction in the presence of an acid catalyst. Further, for example, a polyurethane resin is produced by using a catalyst composition which comprises a hydroxyalkyltriethylenediamine or hydroxytriethylenediamine (A), and an amine compound (B) having, in its molecule, one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of a hydroxy group, a primary amino group and a secondary amino group, or a tertiary amine compound (C) having a value of [blowing reaction rate constant / gelling reaction rate constant] of at least 0.5.

There is provided a flight control test simulator system and method. The system has a flight control assembly with at least one actuator and with a flight controller configured to actuate the at least one actuator. The system further has an aerodynamic load simulator coupled to the flight control assembly and configured to adjustably induce a simulated continuous aerodynamic load on the flight control assembly. The aerodynamic load simulator has a continuously adjustable spring rate constant assembly configured to adjust the spring rate constant of the induced simulated continuous aerodynamic load over a range of predetermined flight profiles.

A method of utilizing chemiluminescence dynamic curve to analyze dynamic parameter of ozone oxidizing reaction uses relation of light signal intensity I to time T to confirm reaction grade and reaction rate constant.

The invention discloses a heterojunction type ternary composite semiconductor photocatalyst and a preparation method thereof. A constant-pH coprecipitation method is adopted to prepare ternary layered double hydroxides as a precursor, and finally a ternary heterojunction composite semiconductor is obtained by high-temperature roasting. The preparation technology is simple and convenient, the obtained material is provided with a proper energy band structure, current carrier separation and migration rates can be effectively improved, visible light is efficiently used, the relative amount of metal ions is selectively regulated and controlled to prepare a series of ternary heterojunction composite semiconductors, a high-activity photocatalyst is screened out, and good dye degradation ability is shown under the visible light. A visible light catalytic degradation reaction rate constant of the ternary heterojunction composite semiconductor to methylene blue is 1.6 to 4.1 times of that of a binary composite semiconductor, and the ternary heterojunction composite semiconductor has higher catalytic activity and good universality in the aspect of dye degradation under visible light.

It has been surprisingly found that very accurate measurements of mass transfer can be made rapidly by permitting diffusion of an agent desired to be measured into a small, known volume of receiver or out of a known volume of donor, then rapidly pumping or flushing (“pulsing”) the receiver with a known volume of fluid. More specifically, a novel method of transferring small quantities of a contained material (either dissolved or suspended) between two media, based on such pulsing, hereinafter called pulsatile microdialysis (PMD), is disclosed. In a preferred embodiment, one medium (the dialysate) is inside a small, permeable tube (microdialysis probe window) and the other (external medium) is outside. The transfer of material between the two media can be utilized, for example, to sample drug concentrations in the external medium, or the release of drugs from systems within the dialysate, or for other measurements as disclosed herein. In PMD, a dialysate fluid is pumped into a microdialysis probe window, allowed to occupy the probe window while at rest for some resting time, and then flushed at a high rate out as a single pulse. A model that is based on a Fick's Laws was solved, and equations were derived to calculate the effects of various experimental parameters. The models were verified against experimental data using methazolamide, warfarin and benzocaine as test drugs. The data followed the mathematical models. For cases in which the concentration of free drug in the medium outside the probe was constant or changed very slowly, the concentration calibration plots were linear. In simulated first order uptake studies, the PMD and direct donor sampling data were in nearly exact agreement with the theoretical values of k=0.09 min−1. In another experiment, the free concentration of warfarin sodium in the medium outside the probe was made to decline rapidly in a known first order manner, with rate constants as high as 0.077 sec−1. The concentration in the external medium calculated from the PMD data was in nearly exact agreement with the known concentration at various times, and the experimental rate constants were in nearly exact agreement with the theoretical rate constants. For binding of methazolamide to activated charcoal, and for the binding of sodium warfarin to bovine serum albumin, PMD was able to generate sufficient data points to accurately characterize the rapid initial binding. This invention demonstrates that PMD is an accurate method of sampling drug concentrations and measuring rates and extents of a number of processes, including protein binding, adsorption to binding agents such as activated charcoal, release from microemulsion drug delivery systems, and the determination of drug diffusion coefficients, and for various other purposes which will occur to those skilled in the art. Compared to known methods such as traditional (continuous) microdialysis, the present invention offers the ability to sample more frequently, and over much shorter time intervals, thereby accurately obtaining data not heretofore available.