The invention provides a production process of a ceramic ball bearing. The process comprises the steps of 1 silicon nitride powder mixing, 2 ceramic blank ball forming, 3 ceramic bland sintering, 4 ceramic ball rough grinding, 5 ceramic ball finishing, 6 ceramic ball fine grinding and 7 ceramic ball bearing assembling. Compared with a traditional steel bearing, the silicon nitride ceramic bearing is high in rotating speed, large in rigidity, little in friction heating, low in temperature rise, good in heat stability and long in service life. While sintering is carried out in the step 3, hot isostatic pressing is carried out on a ceramic blank ball through high-pressure nitrogen, the internal defects of the ceramic ball can be effectively reduced, and performance and quality are obviously improved. Superhard grinding materials adopted in the processing process are high in processing efficiency, high in precision and relatively low in cost. The composite grinding materials are prepared from diamond particles, a dispersing agent, calcium hydrophosphate, sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium dodecyl sulfate and sodium silicate. The adhesive ability and grinding efficiency of a grinding medium and the grinding materials on the ceramic balls are effectively improved.