The invention discloses a cement-based spraying material and a preparation method and application thereof. The cement-based spraying material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 60-80 parts of cement, 20-50 parts of an organic monomer, 1-5 parts of a cross-linking agent, 1-5 parts of an initiator, 1-5 parts of a coagulation accelerator, 1-3 parts of a water reducing agent and 60-100 parts of water, the organic monomer is one or more of acrylamide, acrylic acid, butyl acrylate and ethylene glycol; and the cross-linking agent is one or more of N, N-dimethyl diacrylamide, triethylene diammonium, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, carbodiimide and an aziridine cross-linking agent. During preparation, the cement, the water reducing agent, the initiator and the coagulant are uniformly mixed to obtain powder, the organic monomer, the cross-linking agent and the water are uniformly mixed to obtain a liquid, and during use, the powder and the liquid are uniformly mixed to obtainthe cement-based spraying material so that the hardening time is short, and the deformation resistance is high.