The invention discloses a circuit board processing drilling device with a cleaning function and a using method, and belongs to the technical field of drilling, the circuit board processing drilling device comprises a working box, guide grooves are formed in the periphery of an inner cavity of the working box, sliding rods are slidably connected to inner cavities of the guide grooves, and the surfaces of the sliding rods are sleeved with box bodies; through cooperation of a sliding rod and a box body, the box body can move freely in the working box in the horizontal direction, meanwhile, through cooperation of a traction shrinkage assembly, a drill bit is moved up and down, drilling treatment can be conveniently conducted on circuit boards at different positions in the working box, and then through a dust collection pipe and a hose, the dust collection efficiency is improved. Chippings generated by drilling of a drill bit are conveniently discharged out of a working box, the surface of a circuit board is smooth and clean during drilling, meanwhile, a driving assembly is used for driving a positive and negative threaded rod to rotate, a movable frame is conveniently moved during drilling, comprehensive dust removal is conducted on the top of the circuit board, and the working efficiency is improved. The problem that a traditional drilling device for circuit board machining cannot synchronously remove dust is solved.