The invention discloses a fillet anti-freezing and water-retaining polypeptide and a preparation method and application thereof.The preparation method comprises the steps that fish scales, residual fish meat and fat on
tuna skin are removed, deionized water is added for homogenization after the
tuna skin is cleaned and
cut into pieces, and homogenate is obtained; performing magnetic stirring and
centrifugation, taking supernatant liquid, performing
centrifugation again, and
drying the supernatant liquid to obtain crude
protein; and adding deionized water into the crude
protein to obtain a crude
protein aqueous solution, carrying out enzymolysis,
enzyme deactivation, pH adjustment and
centrifugation, freeze-
drying the supernatant, adding water to redissolve, and adjusting the concentration to 1-3 mg / mL to obtain the
tuna skin anti-freezing water-retention polypeptide. The polypeptide can inhibit formation of
ice crystals, reduce water loss and degradation of protein structures by the
ice crystals, prevent secondary and
tertiary structural changes of proteins in a freeze-thaw cycle, inhibit oxidation of myofibrillar proteins, reduce protein denaturation and
fat oxidation, effectively guarantee the
flavor and
water binding capacity of fillets, prevent protein denaturation and improve the frozen quality of salmons.